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Last Updated:
2024-09-22 08:21:10

Ernest Hemingway

American novelist and journalist
American novelist and journalist

Ernest Hemingway, known for his influential writing style, won the Nobel Prize in Literature. His adventurous life and blunt persona shaped American literature.

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1898-05-20
Pawnee Bill's Wild West show in Oak Park

On May 20, 1898, Pawnee Bill's Wild West show performed in Oak Park, where Grace and Clarence Hemingway took their children, including Ernest, who was 22 months old at the time.

1899-07-21
Birth of Ernest Hemingway

Ernest Miller Hemingway was born on July 21, 1899, in Cicero, Illinois, which is now part of Oak Park, U.S. He would go on to become one of the most influential American writers of the 20th century.

1900
Summer at Windemere

The Hemingway family spent the summer at Windemere, their summer cottage on Walloon Lake in Northern Michigan.

1902
Birth of Ursula (Ura) Hemingway

Ernest Hemingway's sister, Ursula (Ura), was born in April 1902.

1903
Dr. Hemingway's Nervous Condition

In 1903, Dr. Hemingway, likely Ernest's father, experienced a bout of depression referred to as a 'nervous condition.'

1904-11-28
Birth of Madelaine (Sunny) Hemingway

Ernest Hemingway's sister, Madelaine (Sunny), was born on November 28, 1904.

1905-05-10
Death of Grandfather Ernest Hall

On May 10, 1905, Ernest Hemingway's grandfather, Ernest Hall, passed away. Grace Hemingway inherited the family home.

1906
Young Hemingway with His Family

A photograph of Ernest Hemingway as a child with his family in 1906. Hemingway came from a wealthy background and grew up in a conservative suburb of Chicago. The image also reveals an interesting detail about Hemingway's childhood, where his mother would dress him in girl's clothing.

1908
Ernest Hemingway sees greater kudu diorama by Carl Akeley at Field Columbian Museum

Ernest Hemingway had his first encounter with the greater kudu through Carl Akeley's diorama at the Field Columbian Museum, which later inspired his work 'Green Hills of Africa'.

1913-09
Hemingway in High School

Ernest Hemingway enrolls in Oak Park and River Forest High School, excelling in sports and writing for the school newspaper and yearbook.

1916
First Short Story Published in Tabula

In 1916, Ernest Hemingway's first short story was published in Tabula, his high school literary magazine.

1917-10-17
Ernest Hemingway Begins Reporting for Kansas City Star

At the age of 18, Hemingway started his career as a reporter for the Kansas City Star.

1918-01-01
Ernest Hemingway Volunteers for Red Cross in WWI

Hemingway, at the age of 18, served as an ambulance driver for the Red Cross during World War I, but was injured by a mortar shell.

1918-04-30
Hemingway becomes a World War I Ambulance Driver

Ernest Hemingway leaves his job at the newspaper to join the U.S. Army during World War I. However, due to poor eyesight, he is rejected and instead volunteers as a driver for the Red Cross Ambulance Corps.

1918-07-08
Hemingway Wounded in Battle

While distributing supplies to soldiers in Italy, Ernest Hemingway is severely wounded by a trench mortar and machine gun. Despite being injured, he displays bravery by saving a wounded Italian soldier, earning him a Silver Medal of Military Valor from the Italian government. This incident marks the end of his career as an ambulance driver.

1919-01
Hemingway returns to the United States

In January 1919, Hemingway returned to the United States after being wounded in Italy during World War I.

1919-03
Agnes von Kurowsky rejects Hemingway's marriage proposal

In March 1919, Hemingway received a letter from Agnes von Kurowsky announcing her engagement to an Italian officer, devastating him.

1919-09
Hemingway takes a fishing trip to Michigan

In September 1919, Hemingway took a fishing trip to Michigan's Upper Peninsula with high school friends, which inspired his short story 'Big Two-Hearted River'.

1920-01-01
Ernest Hemingway Writes for Toronto Star Weekly

Hemingway contributed to the Toronto Star Weekly and became associated with the Lost Generation.

1921-09-03
Married Hadley Richardson

Ernest Hemingway married his first wife, Hadley Richardson, at the age of 22.

1921-12-08
Parisian Expat

In December 1921, Hemingway and his wife set sail for Paris, France, following a recommendation from Sherwood Anderson. Hemingway works as a foreign correspondent and mingles with renowned writers and artists in the vibrant expatriate community.

1922
Meeting with James Joyce and Ezra Pound

In 1922, Hemingway met the Irish novelist James Joyce and the American poet Ezra Pound at Sylvia Beach's Shakespeare and Company in Paris. Pound recognized Hemingway's talent and fostered a strong friendship with him.

1923-01-01
First published work

After two years of living in Paris, Hemingway published his first work titled Three Stories and Ten Poems.

1924-01-01
In Our Time

Hemingway published a story named In Our Time, reflecting on his youth in Michigan.

1925-10-22
Publication of The Sun Also Rises

On October 22, 1925, Hemingway's novel 'The Sun Also Rises' was published by Scribner's. The novel received critical acclaim for Hemingway's crisp writing style and declarative sentences, reinvigorating the short story genre.

1926-01-01
The Sun Also Rises

Ernest Hemingway published the novel The Sun Also Rises.

1927-04-04
Divorce from Hadley and Marriage to Pauline

Ernest Hemingway divorces Elizabeth Hadley on 4 April. One month later, he marries Pauline Pfeiffer, a fashion writer. The same year sees the publication of his short story collection Men Without Women.

1927-04-14
Ernest and Hadley's Divorce Finalized

Ernest Hemingway's divorce from his first wife, Hadley Richardson, was finalized on April 14, 1927.

1927-05-10
Ernest and Pauline Marry in Paris

Ernest Hemingway marries his second wife, Pauline Pfeiffer, in Paris, France on May 10, 1927.

1927-05-25
Ernest's First Visit to Piggott

Ernest Hemingway and his father-in-law arrive in Piggott on May 25, 1927, after leaving Key West in the Hemingways' new car purchased by Uncle Gus.

1927-07-23
Return to Piggott

The Hemingways returned from Kansas City, Missouri, to Piggott, Arkansas by train, arriving on July 23, 1927.

1928-11-17
Travel to East Coast

Hemingways visited friends on the East Coast from November 1-17, 1928, including attending a Princeton-Yale football game with F. Scott and Zelda Fitzgerald.

1928-12-06
Hemingway's father's suicide

On December 6, 1928, Hemingway received a cable informing him that his father Clarence had committed suicide. This event deeply affected Hemingway, leading him to reflect on his own mortality.

1929-09-27
Publication of A Farewell to Arms

On September 27, 1929, Hemingway's novel 'A Farewell to Arms' was published. The novel established Hemingway as a major American writer and showcased a level of complexity not seen in his previous work.

1930-01-01
Period from 1930 to 1940

A significant period from January 1, 1930, to January 1, 1940, which may have encompassed various important events related to Ernest Hemingway's life and works.

1930-02-02
Return to United States

Hemingways sailed for the United States, arriving in Key West on February 2, 1930.

1931-11-12
Birth of Gloria Hemingway

On November 12, 1931, Hemingway's third child, Gloria Hemingway, was born in Kansas City. She was initially named 'Gregory Hancock Hemingway'.

1932-09
Death in the Afternoon Published

Death in the Afternoon was published in September 1932 in New York by Charles Scribner's Sons.

1933-01-01
African Safari

In 1933, Ernest Hemingway and his wife embarked on an African safari financed by a loan from Pauline's Uncle Gus. This experience served as the basis for his nonfiction book 'Green Hills of Africa' published in 1935.

1934
Purchase of the Boat Pilar

In 1934, Ernest Hemingway purchased a boat named the Pilar, which he used to sail the Caribbean. This boat became iconic in his life and featured in many of his adventures and writings.

1935-10
Green Hills of Africa Published

Green Hills of Africa was published in October 1935 in New York by Charles Scribner's Sons.

1936-08
Hemingway's 'The Snows of Kilimanjaro' published in Esquire

In August 1936, Ernest Hemingway's 'The Snows of Kilimanjaro' was published in Esquire, which referenced 'poor Scott Fitzgerald'. The same issue also included FSF's 'Afternoon of an Author'.

1937-10
To Have and Have Not Published

To Have and Have Not was published in October 1937 in New York by Charles Scribner's Sons.

1938-10
The Fifth Column Published

The Fifth Column and the First 49 Stories were published in October 1938 in New York by Charles Scribner's Sons.

1939-11-20
Hemingway marries Martha Gellhorn

Hemingway married Martha Gellhorn on November 20, 1940, in Cheyenne, Wyoming, after finalizing his divorce from Pauline. They had previously lived together in Cuba at 'Finca Vigía' ('Lookout Farm').

1940-01-01
Publication of 'For Whom the Bell Tolls'

In 1940, Ernest Hemingway's novel 'For Whom the Bell Tolls' was published, adding to the literary achievements of the Lost Generation writers. The novel explores themes of war, love, and sacrifice.

1940-11-04
Hemingway Divorces Pauline and Marries Martha Gellhorn

Ernest Hemingway divorces his wife Pauline on November 4th and marries journalist Martha Gellhorn less than three weeks later. They settle in Finca Vigia, Hemingway's Cuban estate where he will spend a significant amount of time over the next twenty years.

1941-01
Hemingway and Martha Gellhorn travel to China

In January 1941, Martha Gellhorn was sent to China for an assignment, and Hemingway accompanied her, sending dispatches for the newspaper PM. However, Hemingway generally disliked China.

1942
Hemingway Volunteers for Navy in World War II

Ernest Hemingway volunteers for the Navy during World War II and equips his fishing boat Pilar with guns to hunt for German submarines off the coast of Cuba. Despite not engaging in combat, he is awarded a Bronze Star for his service in 1947.

1944-06-06
Hemingway's involvement in World War II

Hemingway's active participation in World War II as a journalist, flying missions with the Royal Air Force, crossing the English Channel on D-Day, and engaging in battles in Normandy and the Battle of the Bulge.

1945-03-14
Marriage to Mary Welsh

Ernest Hemingway marries Mary Welsh, his fourth and final wife, on 14 March. Unfortunately, on 19 August, she suffers a miscarriage due to an ectopic pregnancy, and the couple does not have any children together.

1945-08-25
Hemingway present at the liberation of Paris

Hemingway was present at the liberation of Paris on August 25, 1945. Contrary to some beliefs, he was not the first into the city nor did he liberate the Ritz.

1945-12-21
Ernest Hemingway's Third Divorce

Ernest Hemingway divorces Martha Gellhorn on December 21st, marking his third divorce. The end of their marriage is a significant event in Hemingway's personal life.

1946-03-13
Ernest Marries Mary Welsh

Ernest Hemingway married Mary Welsh on March 13, 1946.

1947
Awarded Bronze Star for bravery

In 1947, Hemingway was awarded a Bronze Star for bravery, recognizing his actions of being 'under fire in combat areas in order to obtain an accurate picture of conditions' during World War II.

1948
Love Affair with Adriana Ivancich

In 1948, Hemingway fell in love with Adriana Ivancich, inspiring the novel 'Across the River and into the Trees'.

1950-09
Across the River and Into the Trees Published

Across the River and Into the Trees was published in September 1950 in New York by Charles Scribner's Sons.

1951-06-28
Death of Hemingway's Mother

On June 28, 1951, Hemingway's mother, Grace, passes away.

1952-09-01
Publication of The Old Man and the Sea

The novella The Old Man and the Sea is published in Life magazine on September 1, 1952. This story of Santiago the fisherman brings Hemingway both commercial and critical success.

1953
Pulitzer Prize for The Old Man and the Sea

In 1953, Ernest Hemingway is awarded the Pulitzer Prize for his novella The Old Man and the Sea.

1954-10-28
Nobel Prize in Literature awarded to Ernest Hemingway

Ernest Hemingway is awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, becoming the fifth American author to receive the award. Due to injuries from plane crashes and a bushfire earlier in the year, he is unable to travel to Stockholm to receive the award, and the American ambassador accepts it on his behalf.

1956-11
Discovery of Notebooks at Ritz Hotel

In November 1956, while staying in Paris, Hemingway rediscovered trunks he had stored in the Ritz Hotel in 1928. The trunks contained notebooks and writings from his Paris years, which inspired him to shape the material into his memoir A Moveable Feast.

1957
A Face in the Crowd Premieres

"A Face in the Crowd" was filmed in Piggott at the suggestion of Toby Bruce and premiered in 1957.

1959
Hemingway's Move to Idaho

In 1959, Hemingway bought a home in Idaho overlooking the Big Wood River and decided to leave Cuba. Despite remaining on good terms with the Castro government, he left Cuba permanently due to political developments and concerns about property nationalization.

1960-07-25
Hemingway's Final Departure from Cuba

On July 25, 1960, Hemingway and his wife left Cuba for the last time, leaving behind art and manuscripts in a bank vault. This departure was prompted by political events and concerns about the nationalization of foreign-owned property.

1961-07-02
Dies by suicide

Ernest Hemingway dies by suicide on July 2, 1961.

1964-01-14
Hemingway Collection at the JFK Library

The Hemingway Collection was established at the JFK Library to preserve and showcase the works and life of renowned author Ernest Hemingway.

1965
Establishment of Hemingway Foundation by Mary Hemingway

In 1965, Mary Hemingway established the Hemingway Foundation, which aimed to preserve and promote the legacy of Ernest Hemingway.

1970-10
Islands in the Stream Published

Islands in the Stream was published in October 1970 in New York by Charles Scribner's Sons.

1972
Nick Adams Stories

A collection of short stories by Ernest Hemingway, focusing on the character Nick Adams and his experiences. The stories offer a glimpse into Hemingway's writing style and themes.

1976
Margaux Hemingway's Role in the Movie Lipstick

In 1976, Ernest Hemingway's granddaughter Margaux Hemingway co-starred in the movie Lipstick with her younger sister Mariel.

1978
Naming of Minor Planet 3656 Hemingway

In 1978, a minor planet discovered by Soviet astronomer Nikolai Chernykh was named 3656 Hemingway in honor of Ernest Hemingway.

1979
Eighty-Eight Poems

A posthumous collection of poems by Ernest Hemingway, showcasing his poetic talent alongside his prose works. The poems cover a range of themes and emotions.

1980
Formation of Hemingway Society by Scholars

In 1980, a group of Hemingway scholars formed the Hemingway Society with the goal of supporting and fostering scholarship on Ernest Hemingway, leading to the publication of The Hemingway Review.

1985
The Dangerous Summer

A non-fiction book by Ernest Hemingway, documenting the rivalry between two bullfighters in Spain. It provides a vivid portrayal of the intense and dangerous world of bullfighting.

1986-01
The Garden of Eden Published

The Garden of Eden was published in January 1986 in New York by Charles Scribner's Sons.

1987
The Complete Stories of Ernest Hemingway

In 1987, 'The Complete Stories of Ernest Hemingway' was released, showcasing a collection of short stories by the renowned author.

1991
Hemochromatosis Diagnosis

Medical records revealed in 1991 confirmed that Hemingway had been diagnosed with hemochromatosis in early 1961, adding to the complexities of his health issues.

1999-07-04
Grand Opening Hemingway-Pfeiffer Museum and Educational Center

The Hemingway-Pfeiffer Museum and Educational Center had its grand opening on July 4-5, 1999.

2000-12-02
Death of Jack Hemingway

John Hadley Nicanor (Jack or Bumby) Hemingway, son of Ernest Hemingway and Hadley Richardson Hemingway, dies at age 77 in New York on December 2, 2000.

2001
Hemingway's Masculinity

Emory Elliot, a professor of English, discusses the significance of masculinity in Ernest Hemingway's life and works. Hemingway, who supported the Republicans during the Spanish Civil War, wrote 'The Fifth Column' to advocate for their cause.

2009-07
A Moveable Feast-Restored Edition Published

A new version of A Moveable Feast was published in July 2009 in New York by Charles Scribner's Sons.

2017
The Letters of Ernest Hemingway (1923-1925) Vol. 2

In 2017, the second volume of 'The Letters of Ernest Hemingway (1923-1925)' was published, providing insights into the life and thoughts of the author during that period.

2024-03-27
Last Updated Information on Ernest Hemingway

The article on Ernest Hemingway was last updated on March 27, 2024. It provides valuable insights into the life and works of the renowned American writer.

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Ernest Hemingway
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