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Edmund Husserl

Austrian-German philosopher and mathematician
Austrian-German philosopher and mathematician
Edmund Husserl was a philosopher and mathematician who founded phenomenology. His work influenced 20th-century philosophy and he taught at universities in Germany. He faced discrimination under Nazi rule and died in 1938.
718
Husserl discovers relevant fallacy
In 718, Husserl discovered a relevant fallacy himself, as mentioned in Husserliana volume XXXIX. It is unclear what other purpose the epoché may have in Husserl's methodology.
1398
Publication of The Crisis of the European Sciences
Husserl's unfinished work that delves into the challenges posed by the empirical and naturalistic orientation of Western philosophy and science, emphasizing the need for a scientific foundation for the study of the mind.
1859-04-08
Birth of Edmund Husserl
Edmund Husserl was born on April 8, 1859 in Prossnitz, Moravia, Austrian Empire (now Prostějov, Czech Republic). He was a German philosopher and the founder of phenomenology, a method for the description and analysis of consciousness.
1870
New Rabbi Arrives in Prossnitz
In 1870, when Edmund Husserl was eleven years old, a new rabbi came to serve the Prossnitz community, possibly impacting the religious and cultural dynamics of the area.
1874
Introduction of Intentionality Concept
Edmund Husserl introduced the concept of intentionality in his work, referring to the intentional acts or experiences that represent something as something, as discussed in 'Logical Investigations'.
1876
Husserl studies mathematics at the University of Leipzig
In 1876, Edmund Husserl began his academic journey by studying mathematics at the University of Leipzig under the guidance of renowned mathematicians Karl Weierstrass and Leopold Kronecker.
1882
Edmund Husserl receives his doctorate in philosophy
In 1882, Husserl received his doctorate in philosophy from the University of Vienna with a dissertation on the Theory of the Calculus of Variations.
1883
Ph.D. in Mathematics
Edmund Husserl received his Ph.D. in 1883 after completing a doctoral dissertation on the calculus of variations. He pursued an education in Mathematics, physics, and philosophy at Leipzig University.
1884
Criticism of Philosophy of Arithmetic by Gottlob Frege
Gottlob Frege criticized Husserl's Philosophy of Arithmetic for its underlying psychologism. Husserl took this criticism seriously, although it is debated whether he actually considered logic as a branch of psychology. He sharply attacked the psychologism and raised about eighteen objections in total.
1886
Edmund Husserl moves to Halle
In 1886, Edmund Husserl moved to Halle where he dedicated the following year to studying psychology. During this time, he wrote his 'Habilitationsschrift' titled 'The Philosophy of Arithmetic' and underwent a significant personal transformation by converting to Christianity and marrying Malvine Charlotte Steinschneider.
1887
Husserl's Conversion to Evangelical Lutheran Faith and Marriage to Malvine Steinschneider
In 1887, Edmund Husserl converted to the Evangelical Lutheran faith in Vienna and married Malvine Steinschneider, who was the daughter of a secondary-school professor. Malvine became Husserl's essential support throughout their daily life.
1890
Change of mind about psychologism
Husserl began to doubt psychologism as early as 1890, attributing his change of mind to readings of Leibniz, Bolzano, Lotze, and David Hume.
1891-05-24
Frege thanked Husserl for sending him a copy of the Philosophy of Arithmetic
In a letter dated 24 May 1891, Frege expressed gratitude to Husserl for providing him with a copy of the Philosophy of Arithmetic.
1892
Husserl's review of Ernst Schröder
Husserl distinguished sense from reference in his review, developing notions of noema and object independently.
1893
Birth of son Gerhart
In 1893, Husserl's son Gerhart was born.
1894
Publication of Edmund Husserl's essay
Edmund Husserl published an essay in 1894, which laid the foundation for his phenomenological method. The essay introduced concepts like pragmatic ascent and local epoché to specify the noema of perceptions and hallucinations.
1900-01
Publication of Logische Untersuchungen
The Logische Untersuchungen, published in 1900-01, introduced the method of analysis known as 'phenomenological' by Husserl. It was initially not fully appreciated due to its revolutionary approach that did not align with existing philosophical schools.
1901
Publication of 'Logical Investigations'
Parts 1 and 2 of 'Logical Investigations' were published between 1900 and 1901. This book is significant for laying the foundations of Phenomenology, where Husserl explains the cognitive connections as signatory, emphasizing the process of perception and connection.
1905
Formation of Husserl's Phenomenology Group
Around 1905, Edmund Husserl's students formed a group with a shared lifestyle and work ethic. They referred to Husserl as the 'master' and often engaged in philosophical discussions with him during walks. They believed in Phenomenology as a path towards spiritual life reform.
1910-11
Founding of Logos
Between 1910 and 1911, Husserl served as a founding editor of Logos, where his article 'Philosophy as a Rigorous Science' was published, presenting a critique of naturalism.
1911
Philosophie als strenge Wissenschaft
In 1911, Husserl's work 'Philosophy as Rigorous Science' was included in 'Phenomenology and the Crisis of Philosophy: Philosophy as Rigorous Science and Philosophy and the Crisis of European Man'. This work emphasizes philosophy as a rigorous science amidst the crisis of European philosophy.
1912
Foundation of Jahrbuch für Philosophie und Phänomenologische Forschung
In 1912 at Freiburg, Husserl and his school founded the journal Jahrbuch für Philosophie und Phänomenologische Forschung, which published articles of their phenomenological movement from 1913 to 1930. His important work Ideen was published in its first issue in 1913.
1913
Publication of 'Ideas: General Introduction to Pure Phenomenology'
In 1913, Edmund Husserl published 'Ideas: General Introduction to Pure Phenomenology', a significant work in the field of philosophy.
1914-10
Husserl's Sons Sent to Fight in World War I
In October 1914, both of Husserl's sons were sent to fight on the Western Front of World War I. Tragically, one of them, Wolfgang Husserl, was killed in action on 8 March 1916 at the battlefield of Verdun.
1915
Husserl takes up post at Freiburg
In 1915, Edmund Husserl accepted a position at the University of Freiburg. His work on phenomenology and essences would later influence Heidegger, who initially worked as his assistant.
1916
Tragedy of Edmund Husserl's Son
In 1916, tragedy struck Edmund Husserl's life when his son was killed while fighting at the warfront during WWI, leading him to a year of mourning and personal devastation.
1917-11
Death of Adolf Reinach in World War I
In November 1917, one of Husserl's outstanding students, Adolf Reinach, was killed in the war while serving in Flanders. Reinach later became a noted philosophy professor in his own right.
1921
Nicolai Hartmann declares solidarity with die Phänomenologie
In 1921, Nicolai Hartmann publicly declared his solidarity with the work of die Phänomenologie, adding prestige to the Movement.
1922
Husserl gave four lectures on Phenomenological Method and Phenomenological Philosophy at University College, London
In 1922, Edmund Husserl delivered a series of four lectures on Phenomenological Method and Phenomenological Philosophy at University College, London. This event showcased his expertise and contribution to the field of philosophy.
1923
Husserl Declines Offer from University of Berlin
In 1923, the University of Berlin offered Husserl a position, but he declined the offer. This decision had implications for his future academic endeavors.
1925
Erste Philosophie. Erste Teil: Kritische Ideengeschichte
The first volume of the work 'First Philosophy' delving into the Critical History of Ideas.
1926
Heidegger Dedicates 'Being and Time' to Husserl
In 1926, Martin Heidegger dedicated his book 'Sein und Zeit' (Being and Time) to Husserl as a gesture of respect and friendship. This gesture highlighted the relationship between the two philosophers.
1928-07-25
Husserl's Retirement from Freiburg
On July 25, 1928, Husserl taught his last class at the University of Freiburg before retiring from his professorship. This marked the end of his teaching career at the institution.
1929-04-08
Festschrift Celebrating Husserl's 70th Birthday
On April 8, 1929, a Festschrift was presented to Husserl to celebrate his seventieth birthday. This event honored his contributions to philosophy and academia.
1931
Cartesian Meditations
A publication of philosophical work by Edmund Husserl, translated by D. Cairns in 1931.
1933-04-06
Husserl Banned from University Library
On April 6, 1933, Husserl was banned from using the library at the University of Freiburg due to the racial laws of the National Socialist German Workers Party. This incident reflected the growing political tensions of the time.
1935
Crisis of European Humanity
Edmund Husserl's work 'Crisis of European Humanity' is considered his greatest contribution to the philosophy of science. In this work, he connects scientific practices with phenomenology, emphasizing the importance of not overlooking the spiritual aspect in addition to the empirical.
1936
The Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology
In 1936, Husserl published 'The Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology', introducing readers to the challenges faced by European sciences and the essence of phenomenological philosophy.
1938-04-08
Husserl's death
Edmund Husserl passed away on Good Friday in 1938 due to pleurisy, amidst the escalating racist policies of National Socialism.
1938-04-26
Death of Edmund Husserl
Edmund Gustav Albrecht Husserl, the influential philosopher who established phenomenology as a major philosophical movement in the twentieth century, passed away on April 26, 1938. His work laid the foundation for a new approach to understanding human experience and consciousness.
1938-04-27
Death of Edmund Husserl
On April 27, 1938, Edmund Husserl passed away in Freiburg. His death marked the end of an era in phenomenology and philosophy. His profound influence on the field continues to be felt to this day.
1939
Foundation of Husserl Archive
The Husserl Archive was established in 1939. It has expanded to have additional archives in Freiburg, Cologne, Paris, New York, and Pittsburgh.
1941
Removal of dedication to Husserl in 1941 edition of Being and Time
In the war-time 1941 edition of Heidegger's primary work, Being and Time, the original dedication to Husserl was removed due to suggested censorship by Heidegger's publisher to avoid potential banning by the Nazi regime. The dedication was later found in a footnote on page 38, expressing gratitude to Husserl for his guidance and generosity.
1950
Publication of Husserliana: Edmund Husserl—Gesammelte Werke
The collected works of Husserl were published over several years starting in 1950 in the collection known as Husserliana: Edmund Husserl—Gesammelte Werke.
1952
Publication of Ideas II (Ideen II)
The second volume of Husserl’s Ideen was published posthumously in 1952. It was initially written in 1912 and went through various revisions by different assistants before its final publication.
1954
The Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology
In 1954, Edmund Husserl's 'The Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology' addressed the crisis in European sciences and the essence of transcendental phenomenology.
1958
Response to Criticism by Føllesdal
Husserl responded to the criticism of his work by Føllesdal in 1958. It is evident that he took the critiques seriously and engaged in further discussions regarding the nature of logic and psychology.
1963
The Theory of Intuition in Husserl's Phenomenology
In 1963, Emmanuel Levinas wrote a book discussing the theory of intuition in Husserl's phenomenology, which was later translated into English in 1973.
1964
Edmund Husserls Theorie der Raumkonstitution
Ulrich Claesges published a work in 1964 titled 'Edmund Husserls Theorie der Raumkonstitution' which delves into Husserl's theory of space constitution.
1965
Translation of 'Philosophy as Rigorous Science' in 'Phenomenology and the Crisis of Philosophy'
The translation of 'Philosophy as Rigorous Science' was included in 'Phenomenology and the Crisis of Philosophy' in 1965, originally written in 1910. The work discusses the rigorous nature of philosophy.
1966
Critique of Husserl's view on Intersubjectivity by Schütz
In 1966, Schütz provided a significant critique of Husserl's perspective on intersubjectivity from a sociological standpoint. This critique is considered important in the realm of phenomenology.
1967
Husserl: An Analysis of His Phenomenology
In 1967, Paul Ricœur conducted an analysis of Husserl's phenomenology in his book, providing insights into the intricate aspects of Husserl's philosophical framework.
1969
Critique by Føllesdal
Føllesdal critiqued Gurwitsch's interpretation of intentional object 'as it is intended' in 1969.
1970
Release of The Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Philosophy
In 1970, 'The Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Philosophy' was released, with initial writings dating back to 1936/54. This work by Edmund Husserl explores the challenges faced by European sciences and the role of transcendental philosophy.
1971
Publication of 'The Structure and Content of Husserl’s Logical Investigations'
In 1971, Robert Sokolowski wrote about 'The Structure and Content of Husserl’s Logical Investigations' in the journal Inquiry.
1972
Publication of 'Phänomenologie der Assoziation' by Elmar Holenstein
In 1972, Elmar Holenstein published a work titled 'Phänomenologie der Assoziation' in The Hague.
1973
Publication of 'Logical Investigations'
The work 'Logical Investigations' was published in 1973, originally written in 1913 and translated by Findlay, J. N. It is a significant piece in the realm of logic and philosophy.
1974
Publication of Husserlian Meditations: How Words Present Things
In 1974, Robert Sokolowski published 'Husserlian Meditations: How Words Present Things' in Evanston.
1977
Husserl—Chronik (Denk- und Lebensweg Edmund Husserls)
Schuhmann's work provides a chronicle of Edmund Husserl's intellectual and life journey.
1978
The Development of Husserl’s Thought
The book by Theodore De Boer explores the evolution and growth of Husserl's philosophical ideas, providing insights into the progression of his thought process over time.
1979
Publication of 'Lebenswelt und Wissenschaft in der Philosophie Edmund Husserls' edited by Elisabeth Ströker
In 1979, Elisabeth Ströker edited 'Lebenswelt und Wissenschaft in der Philosophie Edmund Husserls', a collection of essays exploring the relationship between lifeworld and science in Edmund Husserl's philosophy.
1980
Publication of 'Ideas Pertaining to a Pure Phenomenology and to a Phenomenological Philosophy - Third Book: Phenomenology and the Foundations of the Sciences'
The book 'Ideas Pertaining to a Pure Phenomenology and to a Phenomenological Philosophy - Third Book: Phenomenology and the Foundations of the Sciences' was published in 1980, translated by Klein, T. E., and Pohl, W. E. It delves into the realm of phenomenology and its philosophical implications.
1982
Publication of First Book of Ideas Pertaining to a Pure Phenomenology
In 1982, the first book 'Ideas Pertaining to a Pure Phenomenology and to a Phenomenological Philosophy' was published, originally written in 1913. This work by Edmund Husserl serves as a general introduction to pure phenomenology.
1984
Husserl, Perception and Temporal Awareness
Izchak Miller's book, published in 1984, delves into Husserl's theories on perception and temporal awareness.
1986
Roger Scruton draws upon Husserl's work in Sexual Desire
In 1986, Roger Scruton referenced Husserl's work in his book 'Sexual Desire', despite having some disagreements with him.
1987
Discussion on Husserl and Frege
In 1987, there was a discussion on the relationship between Husserl and Frege.
1988
Publication of 'Edmund Husserl and the Phenomenological Tradition'
The book 'Edmund Husserl and the Phenomenological Tradition' edited by Robert Sokolowski was published in 1988 by the Catholic University of America Press.
1989
Internalization of Values in Husserl's Philosophy
In Husserl's philosophy, the internalization of values refers to the process where the subject takes a position based on their own ego, rather than external stimuli. By internalizing values, the subject gains self-awareness as an individual, understanding their personal character traits.
1990
Publication of 'On the Phenomenology of the Consciousness of Internal Time (1893-1917)'
The work 'On the Phenomenology of the Consciousness of Internal Time (1893-1917)' was published in 1990, with an original publication year of 1928. Translated by Brough, J.B., it explores the concept of internal time consciousness.
1991
Georg Römpp's Work on Husserl's Phenomenology
In 1991, Georg Römpp contributed to the study of Husserl's phenomenology. His work likely explores various aspects of Husserl's philosophical approach to phenomenology.
1992
Publication of 'An Abstract Consideration: Deontologizing the Noema'
In 1992, John Drummond contributed to a publication titled 'An Abstract Consideration: Deontologizing the Noema' in a collection edited by Drummond and Embree, delving into the deontologization of the noema.
1993
Husserl’s Transcendental Phenomenology
Stroker's work delves into Husserl's transcendental phenomenology, exploring his philosophical concepts.
1994
Husserl's Concept of Pictorial Representation
Husserl discusses the concept of pictorial representation and the idea of 'false duplication' of objects in veridical cases. He emphasizes the need for an adequate explanation of the 'phantasy content' that serves as the representing image.
1995
The Cambridge Companion to Husserl
Edited by Smith and Smith, this book serves as a comprehensive guide to understanding Husserl's philosophy.
1996
Influence of Platonism on Husserl's Philosophy
Husserl adopted a version of Platonism influenced by the ideas of Hermann Lotze and Bernard Bolzano, integrating it into his theory of intentional consciousness. This incorporation of Platonism pertains to the meanings and mental content within his philosophical framework.
1997
Instincts: A Husserlian Account
James Mensch published an article in 1997 in Husserl Studies, exploring the concept of instincts from a Husserlian perspective.
1998
Entry on Husserl, Edmund in Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy
An entry in the Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy in 1998 focusing on the philosopher Edmund Husserl (1859–1938).
1999
Publication of 'The Essential Husserl'
The work 'The Essential Husserl' was published in 1999, edited by Welton, D. It presents essential writings by Husserl, offering insights into his philosophical ideas.
2000
Publication of 'Edmund Husserl: Zeitlichkeit und Intentionalität'
In 2000, Rinofner-Kreidl published a work on Edmund Husserl titled 'Zeitlichkeit und Intentionalität'. The book explores the concepts of time and intentionality in relation to Husserl's philosophy.
2001
Publication of 'A Neo-Husserlian Theory of Speaker’s Reference'
In 2001, Christian Beyer presented 'A Neo-Husserlian Theory of Speaker’s Reference' in the journal Erkenntnis, discussing a contemporary interpretation of Husserl's ideas on speaker's reference.
2002
Discussion of Husserl's view of personal love
The discussion of Husserl's view of personal love, especially regarding his ethics, can be found in the literature by Melle in 2002.
2003-02-28
Publication of Edmund Husserl's First Entry
Edmund Husserl's first entry was published on February 28, 2003. He is known as the principal founder of phenomenology and one of the most influential philosophers of the 20th century.
2004
Introduction of the notion of noema in Ideas
The weaker version of epoché introduced the notion of noema in Ideas, in connection with examples like perceptual hallucination of a blooming apple tree.
2005
Edmund Husserl
A book by Dermot Moran that delves into the life and work of philosopher Edmund Husserl.
2006
Publication of 'Husserl on Ethics and Intersubjectivity'
Janet Donohoe published 'Husserl on Ethics and Intersubjectivity' in 2006 in Toronto through the University of Toronto Press. The book delves into Husserl's perspectives on ethics and intersubjectivity.
2007
Publication of Husserl 1st Edition
In 2007, the 1st edition of Husserl was published in London.
2008
Publication of 'The Philosophy of Edmund Husserl: A Historical Development'
In 2008, the book 'The Philosophy of Edmund Husserl: A Historical Development' was published in New Haven by Yale University Press.
2010
The Concept of Passivity in Husserl’s Phenomenology
Victor Biceaga explores the idea of passivity within Husserl's phenomenology in his book, providing insights into this aspect of Husserl's philosophical thought.
2011
Hopp's critical discussion on intentional content of perceptual experience
Hopp in 2011 critically discusses the intentional content of perceptual experience, emphasizing the non-conceptual nature and the process of forming underlying hýle to yield the perception of an object.
2012
Publication of 'The Husserl'
In 2012, Dermot Moran and Joseph Cohen published the book 'The Husserl'.
2013
Publication of Husserl 2nd Revised Edition
In 2013, the 2nd revised edition of Husserl was published in London by Routledge.
2014
Importance of the Living Body in Husserl's Philosophy
Taipale in 2014 emphasized the significance of the living body in different levels of constitution in Husserl's philosophy. This highlights the role of embodiment in understanding consciousness and perception.
2015
Publication of 'Phenomenology of Reflection' by Dan Zahavi
In 2015, Dan Zahavi contributed to the work 'Phenomenology of Reflection,' exploring the philosophical concept within the context of the broader discourse.
2016
Donohoe's Examination of Husserl's Post-War Lectures
Donohoe's work in 2016 focuses on Husserl's post-war lectures on ethics and value theory, particularly discussing the evolution of the categorical imperative in his teachings.
2017
Publication of Husserl’s Legacy by Dan Zahavi
Dan Zahavi's work 'Husserl’s Legacy' was published in 2017, examining the enduring impact and influence of Edmund Husserl's philosophical legacy.
2018
Publication of 'Husserl’s Middle Period and the Development of his Ethics'
In 2018, John Drummond authored a work discussing 'Husserl’s Middle Period and the Development of his Ethics' in a publication edited by Zahavi, shedding light on the evolution of Husserl's ethical perspectives.
2019
Husserl’s Phenomenology of Intersubjectivity
In 2019, the book 'Husserl’s Phenomenology of Intersubjectivity' edited by Kjosavik, Beyer, and Fricke was published in New York by Routledge.
2020
Comparison of Husserl's conception of truth to Putnam's internal realism
Husserl's concept of empirical truth has also been compared to Putnam's internal realism by Beyer in 2020.
2021
The Husserlian Mind
The book titled 'The Husserlian Mind' was edited by an unknown editor in 2021 and published by Routledge in London.
2022-10-17
Substantive Revision of Edmund Husserl's Entry
On October 17, 2022, there was a substantive revision made to Edmund Husserl's entry. He has made significant contributions to almost all areas of philosophy.
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Edmund Husserl

Austrian-German philosopher and mathematician
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