On 5 May 1992, fighting erupted in Tajikistan between government supporters and a diverse opposition group, including ethnic and regional factions, democratic reformists, and Islamists. The conflict stemmed from ideological and regional differences, leading to chaos and clashes in the capital Dushanbe.

On 7 September 1992, President Nabiyev was captured by opposition protesters and compelled to resign at gunpoint, marking a significant turning point in the Tajikistan conflict. The opposition's actions led to a power shift and the formation of a new coalition government.

On 12 December 1992, the Supreme Soviet elected Emomali Rahmon to lead a new government, symbolizing a transition of power from the Leninabadi region to the Kulob militias in Tajikistan. This marked a shift in the country's political landscape.

In January 1993, pro-Communist Kulyabs rulers were installed in Tajikistan, leading to human rights violations, press censorship, and dominance by warlords from Kulyab.

In the summer of 1993, Garm guerrillas captured entire districts in Garm after heavy fighting, inflicting casualties on Tajik troops.

On November 6, 1994, a referendum approved a new constitution establishing a presidential system in Tajikistan, amidst ongoing opposition refusal to participate.

In early June 1996, the civil war in Tajikistan intensified once again, with Russian air attacks on opposition villages and the Rahmonov regime refusing to reconvene UN-sponsored talks. Opposition troops moved close to Dushanbe amid intensified fighting that ended another cease-fire agreement.

In December 1996, Rahmonov signed a peace agreement with Sayed Abdullo Nuri, leader of the opposition Islamic Rebirth Party. The agreement called for a National Reconciliation Council to negotiate the terms of a permanent peace, although scattered fighting continued into the spring of 1997.

On 27 June 1997, Tajikistan president Emomali Rahmon, United Tajik Opposition (UTO) leader Sayid Abdulloh Nuri, and Special Representative of the United Nations Secretary-General Gerd Merrem signed the General Agreement on the Establishment of Peace and National Accord in Tajikistan and the Moscow Protocol in Moscow, Russia, officially ending the civil war.

In November 1998, intense fighting erupted between an Uzbek faction and the government in the Khujand region, resulting in over 200 casualties and strained relations between Uzbekistan and Tajikistan.

Presidential elections were held on 6 November 1999 in Tajikistan as part of the post-war political transition.

A publication in April 2001 delves into the well-coordinated peace process in Tajikistan, which involved various stakeholders such as local civil society, the international community, and a Commission for National Reconciliation.

The Ukrainian diplomatic encyclopedia published an article about the Civil War in Tajikistan in 2004.

The book 'The History of the Civil War in Tajikistan' was published in May 2020 by Iraj Bashiri. It is a part of the Central Asian Studies series and provides insights into the civil war that took place in Tajikistan.