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Last Updated:
2024-09-22 08:21:10

Luxembourg

European country
European country

Luxembourg's history dates back to Roman times, with recorded history starting in 963. Key events include Treaty of London in 1839 and WWII in 1940.

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843
Treaty of Verdun and Middle Francia

The Treaty of Verdun in 843 resulted in Luxembourg falling under Middle Francia. This political shift played a crucial role in shaping the territorial boundaries and governance of the region during that period.

963
Foundation of Luxembourg City

In 963, nobleman Siegfried signed a charter with the Saint Maximin Abbey in Trier to acquire a promontory overlooking a river, leading to the natural development of the first small castle. The strategic location of the promontory, close to water and on a major trade route, made Luxembourg a popular settlement.

1000
Founding of Luxembourg City

Luxembourg City was founded around the year 1000.

1218-05-01
John I, Count of Hainaut, born

John I, Count of Hainaut, is born in Houffalize, Luxembourg. He later ruled from 1246 to 1257.

1296-08-10
John the Blind, King of Bohemia and Count of Luxembourg, born

John the Blind, who later became the King of Bohemia and Count of Luxembourg, is born in Luxembourg. He reigned from 1310 to 1346.

1315-05-20
Bonne of Luxembourg, wife of John II of France, born

Bonne of Luxembourg, the wife of John II of France, is born. She lived from 1315 to 1349.

1346-07-11
Charles IV of Luxembourg elected Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire

On July 11, 1346, Charles IV of Luxembourg was elected as the Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.

1354
Luxembourg becomes a duchy

In 1354, the emperor Charles IV made Luxembourg a duchy. This change in status signified the increasing importance and power of Luxembourg as a political entity.

1357-06-04
Peace of Ath signed, ending succession attempt of Brabant

The Peace of Ath was signed on June 4, 1357, by Count Louis II of Flanders and Duke Wenceslaus of Luxembourg, effectively ending the attempt of the succession of Brabant.

1443
Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, seizes Luxembourg

In 1443, Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, seized Luxembourg by surprise, marking a turning point in its history. This event led to a new era for the city as it became part of the territory of the Netherlands and faced challenges from rival powers.

1451-05-17
Engelbert II, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg-Dietz born

Engelbert II, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg-Dietz and viceroy of Luxembourg, was born in Breda, Netherlands. He later became an important figure in the history of Luxembourg.

1477
Luxembourg under Habsburg Rule

In 1477, Luxembourg came under Habsburg rule after a brief period of Burgundian rule. This marked a significant shift in the country's governance and political landscape.

1504-09-22
Engagement of Karel of Luxembourg & Claudia the Beaujeu settled

On September 22, 1504, the engagement between Karel of Luxembourg and Claudia the Beaujeu was settled.

1505-04-20
Expulsion of Jews from Orange Burgandy

In 1505, Philibert of Luxembourg expelled Jews from Orange Burgandy.

1543-07-07
French invasion of Luxembourg

French troops invaded Luxembourg on July 7, 1543.

1554
Fire in Ville Haute

In 1554, a fire broke out in Ville Haute.

1563
La Fontaine Castle construction begins

Construction of La Fontaine Castle commenced in 1563.

1572
City Hall built

The construction of City Hall was completed in 1572.

1598
Bequeathal of Luxembourg to Isabella Clara Eugenia and Albert VII

In 1598, Philip II of Spain bequeathed Luxembourg and the other Low Countries to his daughter, the Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia, and her husband Albert VII, Archduke of Austria. This marked a significant transfer of power and ownership in the region.

1603
Collège des Jésuites founded

In 1603, Collège des Jésuites was established.

1606
Neimënster Abbey built

Neimënster Abbey was constructed in 1606.

1613
Church of Notre Dame cornerstone laid

The cornerstone of the Church of Notre Dame was laid in 1613.

1621
Inheritance of Luxembourg by Philip IV of Spain

After the childless death of Albert VII, Archduke of Austria in 1621, Luxembourg passed to his great-nephew and heir Philip IV of Spain. This transition of power had implications for the governance and control of Luxembourg.

1623
Capuchin monastery built

The construction of Capuchin monastery was completed in 1623.

1628-01-08
François‑Henri de Montmorency born

François‑Henri de Montmorency, a French military officer and Duke of Luxembourg, was born in Paris, France. He played a significant role in the military history of Luxembourg.

1644
Tunnels built

In 1644, tunnels were constructed in the city.

1656-11-09
Paul Aler born

Paul Aler, a French Jesuit and poet known for his work 'Gradus ad Parnassum', was born in Luxembourg. His contributions to literature and Jesuit order are noteworthy.

1671
Place d'Armes laid out

The Place d'Armes was designed and constructed around this time, serving as a central square in the city.

1684
French invasion of Luxembourg

Louis XIV of France invaded Luxembourg in 1684, causing alarm among France's neighbors and leading to the formation of the League of Augsburg in 1686. The subsequent War of the Grand Alliance resulted in France giving up the duchy, which was returned to the Habsburgs by the Treaty of Ryswick in 1697.

1685
Lambert Fortress built

The Lambert Fortress was constructed, adding to the defensive structures of the city and showcasing military architecture of the time.

1693
Jean-Bernard Knepper becomes mayor

Jean-Bernard Knepper took office as the mayor of Luxembourg, leading the city during this period.

1697
Spaniards in power per Treaty of Ryswick

Following the Treaty of Ryswick, the Spaniards gained control and authority over Luxembourg, impacting the governance and administration of the city.

1710-04-30
Johann Kaspar Basselet von La Rosée born

Johann Kaspar Basselet von La Rosée, a Bavarian general, was born in Arlon, Province of Luxembourg, Belgium. He became a prominent military figure in the region.

1713
Luxembourg as Part of Southern Netherlands

In 1713, Luxembourg became a part of the Southern Netherlands under the Austrian line of the Habsburg dynasty. This integration into a larger political entity shaped Luxembourg's future trajectory.

1714
Austrians in power

The Austrians took over governance and rule of Luxembourg, shaping the political and cultural environment of the city.

1715
Habsburg rule confirmed in Luxembourg

Habsburg rule over Luxembourg was confirmed in 1715 by the Treaty of Utrecht, and the duchy was integrated into the Southern Netherlands. Emperor Joseph and his successor Emperor Charles VI were descendants of Spanish kings who were heirs of Albert VII.

1732
Fort Thüngen built

The construction of Fort Thüngen commenced, adding to the defensive fortifications of Luxembourg and representing military strategy of the era.

1764-07-01
Georg Christoph Grosheim born

Georg Christoph Grosheim, a German composer, was born in Kasel, Duchy of Luxembourg (now Germany). His musical compositions left a lasting impact on the cultural heritage of the region.

1776
United States' Recognition of Luxembourg

The United States officially recognized Luxembourg as a country in 1776.

1784
Château de Septfontaines built outside city (in Rollingergrund)

The Château de Septfontaines was erected outside the city in Rollingergrund, serving as a notable architectural and historical landmark.

1794-11-22
Siege of Luxembourg by French forces begins

In 1794, the French forces initiated the Siege of Luxembourg, marking the start of a military operation to capture the city.

1795-06-07
Siege of Luxembourg ends

The Siege of Luxembourg concluded on June 7, 1795, signifying the end of the military conflict and the city's liberation from the French forces.

1797
Formalization of Luxembourg's annexation at Campo Formio

The annexation of Luxembourg by Revolutionary France was formalized at Campo Formio in 1797.

1798
Peasant's War in Luxembourg

In 1798, Luxembourgish peasants initiated a rebellion against the French rule, known as the Peasant's War, but it was quickly suppressed.

1800
François Scheffer becomes mayor

In 1800, François Scheffer assumed the position of mayor in Luxembourg, taking on the responsibilities of leading the city and its administration.

1807-06-26
Lightning strike at gunpowder warehouse in Luxembourg

A lightning strike hit a gunpowder warehouse in Luxembourg on June 26, 1807, resulting in the death of 230 people.

1815-06-09
Luxembourg National Day

Luxembourg celebrates its sovereignty and independence on June 9, 1815.

1816-08-19
Birth of Julius van Zuylen van Nijevelt

Julius van Zuylen van Nijevelt, a Dutch minister of Foreign affairs, was born in Dommeldange, Luxembourg. He played a significant role in Dutch foreign policy during his career.

1817-07-24
Birth of Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg

Adolphe, also known as Adolf Wilhelm August Karl Friedrich, was born in Biebrich Palace, Wiesbaden. He served as the Grand Duke of Luxembourg from 1890 to 1905.

1819-07
Visit of Norwich Duff to Luxembourg

Norwich Duff, a contemporary from Britain, visited Luxembourg and described it as one of the strongest fortifications in Europe, garrisoned by Prussians and under Dutch civil government.

1820
Compulsory use of metric system in Luxembourg

Luxembourg made the use of the metric system of measurement compulsory, replacing local units like the 'malter' which was equivalent to 191 litres.

1821
Luxemburger Wochenblatt newspaper begins publication

In 1821, the Luxemburger Wochenblatt newspaper commenced its publication, becoming a significant source of news and information for the residents of Luxembourg.

1827
Journal de la ville et du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg newspaper in publication

In 1827, the Journal de la ville et du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg newspaper started its publication, providing news and information to the residents of Luxembourg and the Grand Duchy.

1830-05-20
Birth of Amalia of Saxen-Weimar-Eisenach

Amalia of Saxen-Weimar-Eisenach, a Dutch princess and wife of Prince Henry of the Netherlands, was born in Walferdange, Luxembourg. She lived until 1872.

1833
Roman Catholic diocese of Luxembourg established

The Roman Catholic diocese of Luxembourg was established in 1833, marking an important religious development in the region.

1838
City Hall (Hôtel de Ville) completed

In 1838, the construction of the City Hall, known as Hôtel de Ville, was completed in Luxembourg, serving as a significant landmark in the city.

1839-04-19
Treaty of London establishes Belgium and Luxembourg's status

The Treaty of London signed on April 19, 1839, established Belgium as an independent kingdom and Luxembourg as a Grand Duchy.

1839-06-09
Luxembourg Independence

Luxembourg gained full independence from the Netherlands on June 9, 1839.

1839-06-09
Independence of Luxembourg

Luxembourg gained its independence on June 9, 1839, through the Treaty of London, establishing its neutrality and territorial integrity.

1839-06-23
Luxembourg National Day

Luxembourg celebrates its National Day on June 23rd, commemorating the birthday of Grand Duchess Charlotte.

1839-09-19
Luxembourg gains full independence

On September 19, 1839, Luxembourg gained full independence from the Kingdom of the Netherlands. This event marked the sovereignty of Luxembourg as a separate nation.

1839-11-09
Independence of Luxembourg

On November 9, 1839, Luxembourg gained full independence from the Kingdom of the Netherlands.

1839-11-19
Treaty of London

The Treaty of London was signed on 19th November 1839, leading to the establishment of the independent and neutral status of Luxembourg.

1839-11-23
Independence of Luxembourg

Luxembourg gained its independence from the Kingdom of the Netherlands through the Treaty of London on November 23, 1839.

1841
Luxembourg's Constitutional Charter

The constitutional charter of 1841 granted political stability to Luxembourg, allowing the country to continue its state-building and nation-building efforts. This charter played a crucial role in shaping Luxembourg's governance and identity.

1842
Integration of Luxembourg into the German Zollverein

Recognizing economic challenges due to the loss of Belgian markets, the grand duke integrated Luxembourg into the German Zollverein in 1842, despite remaining an underdeveloped agrarian country for most of the century.

1845-08-16
Birth of Gabriel Lippmann

Gabriel Lippmann, a French physicist and inventor, was born in Bonnevoie, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg. He lived until 1921.

1848
Luxemburger Wort newspaper begins publication

The Luxemburger Wort newspaper commenced its publication in 1848, becoming a prominent source of news and information for the people of Luxembourg.

1850
Society of the Natural Sciences established

The Society of the Natural Sciences was established in 1850, promoting the study and exploration of natural phenomena and scientific research in Luxembourg.

1852-04-22
Birth of Guillaume IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg

Guillaume IV, who served as the Grand Duke of Luxembourg from 1905 to 1912, was born in Biebrich Palace, Wiesbaden, Duchy of Nassau. He lived until 1912.

1855
Pescatore Institute (charity) founded

In 1855, the Pescatore Institute, a charitable organization, was founded in Luxembourg, dedicated to providing assistance and support to those in need.

1858
Population: 13,129

By 1858, the population of Luxembourg had reached 13,129 inhabitants, reflecting the demographic growth and changes in the city.

1859
Luxembourg railway station opens

The Luxembourg railway station was opened in 1859, enhancing transportation connectivity and facilitating travel for both residents and visitors to the city.

1860
Hall of the Chamber of Deputies

In 1860, the Hall of the Chamber of Deputies was constructed in Luxembourg.

1861-11-03
Birth of Johann Peter Kirsch

Johann Peter Kirsch, a Luxembourg church historian and archaeologist, was born in Dippach, Luxembourg. He lived until 1941.

1866
Luxembourg crisis averted through Second Treaty of London

In 1866, the Luxembourg crisis almost led to a war between France and Prussia due to conflicting interests in Luxembourg. The crisis was resolved by the Second Treaty of London in 1867, ensuring Luxembourg's independence and neutrality.

1867-05-11
London Compromise

In May 1867, a compromise was reached in London where Prussia had to withdraw its garrison from Luxembourg, the fort would be dismantled, and Luxembourg would become an independent nation.

1867-06-08
Luxembourg Independence Day

On June 8, 1867, Luxembourg gained full independence from the Kingdom of the Netherlands through the Treaty of London.

1867-06-23
Luxembourg Independence

Luxembourg gained full independence from the Netherlands on June 23, 1867.

1867-09-09
Luxembourg gains independence

Luxembourg gained its independence on September 9, 1867.

1868-10-17
Constitution of Grand Duchy of Luxembourg enacted

The Constitution of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg came into effect on October 17, 1868.

1872
Pescatore Museum opens

In 1872, the Pescatore Museum opened its doors in Luxembourg.

1877
US Recognition of Luxembourg

The United States officially acknowledged Luxembourg as a sovereign nation in 1877.

1878-03-22
Birth of Michel Théato

Michel Théato, a Luxembourgian athlete who won an Olympic gold medal representing France in the marathon event in 1900, was born in Luxembourg City, Luxembourg. He passed away in 1923.

1878-05-31
U.S. Recognition of Luxembourg

The United States officially recognized Luxembourg on May 31, 1878.

1879-03-27
Birth of Edward Steichen

Edward Steichen, a Luxembourgish-American photographer known for his work 'The Family of Man', was born in Bivange, Luxembourg. He passed away in 1973.

1882
Casino Bourgeois opens

The Casino Bourgeois opened in 1882 in Luxembourg.

1884-08-16
Birth of Hugo Gernsback

Hugo Gernsback, a Luxembourg-born American inventor and science fiction writer who established the Hugo Awards, was born in Luxembourg. He passed away in 1967.

1886-06-29
Birth of Robert Schuman

Robert Schuman, a Luxembourg-born French statesman who served as the Prime Minister of France from 1947 to 1948, was born in Luxembourg City, Luxembourg. He passed away in 1963.

1887-01-26
Birth of François Faber

François Faber, a Luxembourgian cyclist who participated in the Tour de France in 1909, was born in Aulnay-sur-lton, France. He lived between 1887 and 1915.

1890
City joins independent Grand Duchy of Luxembourg

In 1890, the city became a part of the independent Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.

1892
Museum of Natural History opens in Pfaffenthal

The Museum of Natural History opened its doors in Pfaffenthal in 1892.

1894-06-14
Marie-Adélaïde, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg, born

Marie-Adélaïde, the Grand Duchess of Luxembourg, was born in Berg Castle, Colmar-Berg, Luxembourg. She later passed away in 1924.

1895
Ons Hemecht publication begins

The publication of Ons Hemecht commenced in 1895.

1896-01-23
Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg, born

Charlotte, the Grand Duchess of Luxembourg from 1919 to 1964, was born in Berg Castle, Luxembourg. She passed away in 1985.

1899-11-04
Nicolas Frantz, Luxembourgish road cyclist, born

Nicolas Frantz, a Luxembourgish road cyclist who won the Tour de France in 1927 and 1928, was born in Mamer, Capellen, Luxembourg. He passed away in 1985.

1900-07-19
Michel Théato wins Paris Olympics marathon

Luxembourg-born Michel Théato, representing France, won the Paris Olympics marathon on July 19, 1900, finishing ahead of Émile Champion.

1903
Adolphe Bridge construction

The Adolphe Bridge was constructed in 1903.

1904
Alphonse Munchen becomes mayor

Alphonse Munchen was elected as mayor in 1904.

1905
Population reaches 20,984

By 1905, the population of the city had grown to 20,984.

1906
Conservatoire de Luxembourg founded

The Conservatoire de Luxembourg was established in 1906.

1908-08-09
Lucien Petit-Breton defends Tour de France title

French cyclist Lucien Petit-Breton successfully defended his Tour de France title on August 9, 1908, defeating François Faber of Luxembourg.

1910
Cercle Municipal building inauguration

In 1910, the Cercle Municipal building was inaugurated in Luxembourg.

1912-02-25
Marie-Adélaïde becomes Grand Duchess of Luxembourg

Marie-Adélaïde, the eldest daughter of Guillaume IV, ascended to the throne as the first reigning Grand Duchess of Luxembourg in 1912.

1913
Luxembourg railway station rebuilt

The Luxembourg railway station was rebuilt in 1913.

1914-08-01
German troops enter Luxembourg during WWI

In 1914, the German 69th infantry regiment crossed into Luxembourg as part of the events following the outbreak of World War I.

1914-08-02
German occupation of Luxembourg

On August 2, 1914, German forces overthrew the government in Luxembourg, leading to the occupation of the country.

1918-11
End of the occupation in November 1918

The end of the occupation in November 1918 marked a period of uncertainty on both international and national levels. The victorious Allies were displeased with the decisions made by local elites, leading to discussions about the country's integration into a greater Belgium and calls for a republic within Luxembourg.

1919-01-09
Luxembourg Rebellion establishes the Luxembourg republic

On January 9, 1919, the Luxembourg Rebellion led to the establishment of the Luxembourg republic, with Émile Servais at its helm. The rebellion marked a significant event in Luxembourg's political history.

1920-05-01
Opening of Belgium-Luxembourg toll tunnel

The Belgium-Luxembourg toll tunnel was inaugurated on May 1, 1920, providing a new transportation link between the two countries.

1920-11-17
Camillo Felgen, Luxembourgish baritone pop and schlager singer, born

Camillo Felgen, a Luxembourgish baritone pop and schlager singer known for songs like 'Bonjour les amies / Hello Friends', was born in Tétange, Luxembourg. He was also a lyricist, translator, and broadcaster. He passed away in 2005.

1920-12-16
Membership in the League of Nations

On 16 December 1920, Luxembourg became a member of the League of Nations, showcasing its efforts to actively participate in international organizations to safeguard its autonomy.

1921-01-05
Birth of Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg

Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg, was born in Berg Castle, Luxembourg. He reigned as the Grand Duke from 1964 to 2000 and passed away in 2019.

1921-05-17
Belgium-Luxembourg customs union agreement

In 1921, Belgium and Luxembourg signed an agreement to form a customs union, strengthening economic ties between the two nations.

1921-06-23
Birth of Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg

Jean Benoît Guillaume Robert Antoine Louis Marie Adolphe Marc d'Aviano, also known as Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg, was born in Berg Castle, Luxembourg. He reigned as the Grand Duke from 1964 to 2000 and passed away in 2019.

1923-10-23
Appointment as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Luxembourg

On October 23, 1923, the U.S. Ambassador to Belgium, Henry P., presented his credentials as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Luxembourg.

1926-09-30
Closure of German/French/Belgian/Luxembourg steel cartel

The steel cartel involving Germany, France, Belgium, and Luxembourg came to an end on September 30, 1926, impacting the steel industry in the region.

1927-04-24
Birth of Josy Barthel

Josy Barthel, a Luxembourgish 1500m runner who won the Olympic gold in 1952, was born in Mamer, Luxembourg. He passed away in 1992.

1928-09-03
Birth of Gaston Thorn

Gaston Thorn, the 20th Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1974–79) and 7th President of the European Commission (1981–85), was born in Luxembourg. He passed away in 2007.

1930
Sandweiler Airport opens

During the 1930s, Sandweiler Airport was inaugurated in Luxembourg.

1933
Luxembourg Philharmonic Orchestra founded

In 1933, the Luxembourg Philharmonic Orchestra was established.

1935-05-23
Juliet Campbell appointed as British ambassador to Luxembourg

Juliet Campbell was appointed as the British ambassador to Luxembourg in 1935.

1937-05-18
Birth of Jacques Santer

Jacques Santer, a Luxembourg politician who served as President of the European Commission from 1995 to 1999, was born in Wasserbillig, Luxembourg.

1939-04-20
Birth of Camille Dimmer

Camille Dimmer, a Luxembourgish soccer forward who played for various clubs, was born in Clervaux, Luxembourg. He earned 19 caps during his career and passed away in 2023.

1939-09-06
Luxembourg Proclaims Neutrality at Outbreak of Second World War

Luxembourg declared its neutrality and issued an official proclamation on 6 September 1939 at the beginning of World War II.

1940-05-10
German Invasion of Luxembourg

German armed forces invaded Luxembourg on 10 May 1940, leading to the exile of the Luxembourgish government and monarchy.

1940-07-15
Luxembourg Government in Canada, 1941

In 1941, the government of Luxembourg established a representation in Canada.

1940-08-18
Volksdeutsche Bewegung rally held

August 18, 1940, witnessed the gathering of the Volksdeutsche Bewegung rally in Luxembourg.

1941-10
Census in Luxembourg

In October 1941, a census was conducted in Luxembourg which included questions about citizenship, mother tongue, and ethnicity. The majority of the population answered with 'Lëtzebuergesch', showing opposition to Luxembourg's incorporation into the Third Reich.

1942-09-01
General Strike in Luxembourg

From 1 to 3 September 1942, a general strike paralyzed administration, agriculture, industry, and education in response to forced conscription by the German administration. The strike was violently suppressed, leading to executions and deportations to Nazi concentration camps.

1943-10-14
Government of Luxembourg moved to the United Kingdom

In 1943, the Government of Luxembourg relocated to the United Kingdom on October 14th.

1943-11-12
Anthony J. Drexel Biddle Jr. presented credentials to the Government of Luxembourg in London

On November 12th, Anthony J. Drexel Biddle Jr. presented his credentials to the Government of Luxembourg in London.

1944-03-21
Appointment of Schoenfeld as Chargé d’Affaires

Schoenfeld was appointed as Chargé d’Affaires on March 21, 1944, but did not present his credentials before his appointment was superseded.

1944-09-09
Allied forces liberate Luxembourg

On September 9, 1944, the Allied forces successfully liberated Luxembourg from German occupation during World War II.

1944-09-10
U.S. Liberation of Luxembourg

U.S. forces liberated most of Luxembourg in September 1944, entering the capital city on 10 September 1944. The Ardennes Offensive briefly saw German troops retake northern Luxembourg, but the Allied forces eventually expelled them in January 1945.

1944-09-23
Appointment of U.S. Ambassador Charles Sawyer

Charles Sawyer presented his credentials as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister to Luxembourg on September 23, 1944.

1945-02-07
US divisions breach Siegfried Line in Luxembourg

On February 7, 1945, the US 76th and 5th Infantry divisions crossed the Sauer river near Echternach, Luxembourg, and breached the Siegfried Line during World War II.

1946
Émile Hamilius becomes mayor

In 1946, Émile Hamilius assumed office as the mayor of the city.

1947-10-29
Formation of Benelux Union

On October 29, 1947, Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands formed the Benelux Union, a political and economic union aimed at promoting cooperation and integration among the three countries.

1948
Formation of the Benelux Customs Union

Luxembourg, along with Belgium and the Netherlands, formed the Benelux Customs Union in 1948, establishing an economic union between the three countries.

1949-01-29
Recognition of Israel by multiple countries

On January 29, 1949, Great Britain, Belgium, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, and Switzerland officially recognized the state of Israel.

1950-01-16
Recognition of Israel by Belgium, Luxembourg & Netherlands

On January 16, 1950, Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands recognized the state of Israel, showing support and establishing diplomatic relations.

1952
Luxembourg becomes provisional headquarters of the European Community

In 1952, Luxembourg was chosen as the provisional headquarters of the first European Community, the Coal and Steel Community. This decision marked the beginning of Luxembourg's role as one of the three headquarters of the European Union.

1954-12-09
Birth of Jean-Claude Juncker

Jean-Claude Juncker, a Luxembourg politician who served as President of the European Commission from 2014 onwards, was born in Redange, Luxembourg.

1955-04-16
Birth of Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg

Henri, the current Grand Duke of Luxembourg, was born in Castle Betzdorf, Betzdorf, Luxembourg.

1956-09-21
Ambassador appointed to Luxembourg

On September 21, 1956, an ambassador was appointed to represent the United States in Luxembourg.

1957
Formation of the European Economic Community

Luxembourg played a significant role in the formation of the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1957, which later evolved into the European Union.

1958-07-19
Charly Gaul wins Tour de France

On July 19, 1958, Luxembourg cyclist Charly Gaul emerged victorious in the 45th Tour de France, showcasing his exceptional cycling skills and endurance.

1958-12-02
Signing of Benelux treaty

On December 2, 1958, Belgium, Netherlands, and Luxembourg signed the Benelux treaty, further solidifying their cooperation and partnership within the union.

1961-03-18
Luxembourg wins Eurovision Song Contest

On March 18, 1961, Jean-Claude Pascal represented Luxembourg and won the 6th Eurovision Song Contest with the song 'Nous les amoureux' in Cannes, showcasing Luxembourg's musical talent on an international stage.

1962-12-23
Birth of Bertrand Gachot

Bertrand Gachot, a French racing driver, was born in Luxembourg City, Luxembourg.

1964-11-12
Jean becomes Grand Duke of Luxembourg

Jean ascends to the position of Grand Duke of Luxembourg.

1965-01-14
Birth of Desiree Nosbusch

Desiree Nosbusch, a Luxembourgish actress known for her role in 'The Fan', was born in Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.

1965-05-19
Patricia R. Harris named 1st US black female ambassador

Patricia R. Harris becomes the first African American woman to be appointed as the US ambassador to Luxembourg.

1967-09-11
Birth of Dany Theis

Dany Theis, a Luxembourgian soccer midfielder and manager, was born in Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg. He had a successful career playing for Jeunesse Esch FC and later managed teams like Differdange 03, F91 Dudelange, and Jeunesse Esch FC.

1970
Colette Flesch becomes mayor

In 1970, Colette Flesch assumed the position of mayor in Luxembourg.

1973-10-09
First general strike in Luxembourg since 1942

Luxembourg experienced its first general strike since 1942 on October 9, 1973.

1974-06-18
Gaston Thorn forms Luxembourg government

Gaston Thorn took the initiative to form the government of Luxembourg on June 18, 1974.

1975
European Court of Auditors headquartered in city

The European Court of Auditors set up its headquarters in the city in 1975.

1976-01-04
Birth of Benoît Joachim

Benoît Joachim, a Luxembourg cyclist, was born in Luxembourg City, Luxembourg.

1977-04-03
Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg adopt summer time

On April 3, 1977, Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg collectively decided to adopt summer time.

1978
The Low Countries 1780–1940

The book covers the history of the Low Countries from 1780 to 1940.

1979
Ons Stad begins publication

In 1979, the publication 'Ons Stad' commenced.

1980-04-15
Birth of Fränk Schleck

Fränk Schleck, a Luxembourgish cyclist, was born on this day.

1981-11-11
Birth of Guillaume, Hereditary Grand Duke of Luxembourg

Guillaume, the Hereditary Grand Duke of Luxembourg, was born in Luxembourg City on November 11, 1981.

1982
Lydie Polfer becomes mayor

Lydie Polfer took office as mayor in 1982.

1983-10-04
Birth of Vicky Krieps, Luxembourgish actress

Vicky Krieps, known for her role in 'Corsage', was born in Luxembourg City, Luxembourg on October 4, 1983.

1984
Hilton Luxembourg hotel built

The Hilton Luxembourg hotel was constructed in 1984.

1985
Declaration of Lëtzebuergesch as National Language

In 1985, Luxembourg declared Lëtzebuergesch as the national language, a significant step towards asserting its independence and cultural identity.

1991-02-16
Birth of Alexandra of Luxembourg, Princess of Luxembourg

Alexandra of Luxembourg, daughter of Henri Grand Duke of Luxembourg, was born in Luxembourg City on February 16, 1991.

1992-04-16
Birth of Prince Sébastien of Luxembourg, Prince of Luxembourg

Prince Sébastien of Luxembourg was born in Luxembourg City, Luxembourg on April 16, 1992.

1993
Creation of the European Union

Luxembourg assumed an active role in the European Union (EU) when it was created in 1993, hosting EU administrative offices and contributing prominent figures like Prime Ministers Jacques Santer and Jean-Claude Juncker.

1994
European Investment Fund headquartered in city

The European Investment Fund established its headquarters in the city in 1994, playing a significant role in financing and supporting small and medium-sized enterprises in Luxembourg.

1995-01-19
Jean-Claude Juncker sworn in as premier of Luxembourg

On January 19, 1995, Jean-Claude Juncker, aged 28, took the oath as the Prime Minister of Luxembourg.

1996
Luxembourg City History Museum founded

The Luxembourg City History Museum was founded in 1996, offering visitors a glimpse into the rich historical past of Luxembourg through its exhibits and collections.

1998-03-04
Prince Henri Appointed as Hereditary Grand Duke

On March 4, 1998, Prince Henri was appointed as 'Lieutenant Représentant' (Hereditary Grand Duke), paving the way for his future assumption of the title and constitutional duties of Grand Duke.

1999-01-01
Luxembourg adopts the Euro

On January 1, 1999, Luxembourg adopted the Euro as its official currency, replacing the Luxembourgish franc. This decision aimed to enhance economic integration with other European Union member states.

2000-10-07
Abdication of Grand Duke Jean

On October 7, 2000, Grand Duke Jean abdicated the throne in favor of Prince Henri, who took on the role of Grand Duke, marking a significant transition in Luxembourg's monarchy.

2001
City Website Launch

Approximately in 2001, the city website went online.

2002
Luxembourg adopts Euro as official currency

In 2002, Luxembourg officially adopts the Euro (EUR €) as its currency.

2003
Foundation of the University of Luxembourg

The University of Luxembourg was established in 2003, reflecting the country's commitment to furthering education and enhancing its status as an independent nation.

2004-09-10
Jean-Claude Juncker Becomes President of Eurogroup

On September 10, 2004, Jean-Claude Juncker assumed the role of President of the Eurogroup, representing finance ministers from eurozone countries and earning the nickname 'Mr Euro'.

2005-07-10
Approval of European Constitution in Luxembourg

On July 10, 2005, the proposed European Constitution was approved by 56.52% of voters in Luxembourg, following threats of resignation by Prime Minister Juncker, signifying a pivotal moment in the country's relationship with the EU.

2006-09-01
Luxembourg transitions to all digital television broadcasting

Luxembourg becomes the first country to fully switch to digital television broadcasting.

2007
Luxembourg European Capital of Culture

In 2007, the city was designated as the European Capital of Culture for the second time.

2008
Judiciary City Inauguration

In 2008, the Judiciary City was officially inaugurated.

2010-07-25
Andy Schleck wins the 97th Tour de France

Andy Schleck from Luxembourg emerges as the champion of the 97th Tour de France.

2011
Xavier Bettel Becomes Mayor

In 2011, Xavier Bettel assumed the position of mayor.

2013-07
Toppling of Luxembourg's ruling coalition

In July 2013, Luxembourg's ruling coalition was toppled when the LSAP withdrew its support for Juncker due to a scandal involving illegal activity by the country's intelligence service.

2013-10
Snap elections in Luxembourg

Snap elections were held in October 2013 in Luxembourg, where the CSV won the largest share of the vote but fell short of a majority.

2013-12
Xavier Bettel sworn in as Prime Minister of Luxembourg

In December 2013, DP leader Xavier Bettel was sworn in as the Prime Minister of Luxembourg after the LSAP formed a ruling coalition with the Democratic Party and the Greens.

2014-11-01
Jean-Claude Juncker Becomes President of European Commission

On November 1, 2014, former Luxembourg Prime Minister Jean-Claude Juncker was elected as the President of the European Commission, succeeding Jose Manuel Barroso, in a significant appointment for the EU.

2015
Integrating the cosmopolitan and the local–The curricular construction of citizens in Luxembourg in the long 19th century

The article examines the integration of cosmopolitan and local aspects in the curricular construction of citizens in Luxembourg during the long 19th century.

2017
Luxembourg City Tramway Line T1 Opening

In 2017, Line T1 of the Luxembourg City tramway commenced operations, including the Pfaffenthal-Kirchberg station and the Pfaffenthal-Kirchberg funicular.

2018-12-06
Luxembourg introduces free public transport

Luxembourg sets a milestone by becoming the first country to offer free public transport services to its citizens.

2019
Opening of National Library of Luxembourg's new site on the Kirchberg

In 2019, the National Library of Luxembourg opened its new site on the Kirchberg, providing a modern and updated facility for visitors and researchers.

2020
Free Public Transport in Luxembourg City and Country

In 2020, Luxembourg implemented a policy of free public transport in both Luxembourg City and the entire country, aiming to reduce traffic congestion and promote sustainable transportation.

2021
Inauguration of Stade de Luxembourg

The Stade de Luxembourg was inaugurated in 2021, replacing the Stade Josy Barthel as the national stadium of Luxembourg, providing a modern venue for sports events and gatherings.

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