Buckingham Palace is the monarch's residence in London, with 775 rooms and a large private garden. It has historical and architectural significance, open to the public for tours during certain times of the year.
In 1536, King Henry VIII seized the land where Buckingham Palace stands today during his Dissolution. This marked the beginning of the site being in royal hands.
In 1608, James VI and I used the remaining land of Buckingham Palace to plant mulberry trees in an attempt to support a silk industry. However, the experiment failed.
In 1624, the first record of a building on the site of Buckingham Palace was made, known as Goring House after the family who acquired it. The current Palace garden also has its origins at this time.
In 1640, a document related to the ownership of the mulberry garden failed to pass the Great Seal before Charles I fled London, leading to a critical omission that would later help the British royal family regain the freehold under George III.
After Goring House burned down in 1674, Henry Bennet, 1st Earl of Arlington, constructed Arlington House on the site, which is now the location of the southern wing of Buckingham Palace.
In 1703, the Duke of Buckingham, John Sheffield, initiated the construction of an austere city residence, which later evolved into Buckingham Palace.
In 1705, Buckingham Palace was constructed for the Duke of Buckingham, John Sheffield, as a private residence.
In 1761, King George III bought Buckingham House as a family home for Queen Charlotte, to be close to St James's Palace. The house later became known as the Queen's House.
In 1762, King George purchased Buckingham Palace for his wife, Queen Charlotte, making it a royal residence.
In 1764, the future King William IV was born at Buckingham House, becoming the first of three monarchs to be born within its walls.
In 1769, the royal property is first referred to as Buckingham Palace in the press, although terms like Buckingham House and the Queen's House are more common. The name Buckingham Palace gained popularity in the 1820s, especially after Queen Victoria's residency from 1837.
In 1788, a hairdresser named Spang attempted to break into Buckingham Palace to express his love for Princess Elizabeth, daughter of George III. This incident marked the first recorded break-in at the Palace, setting a precedent for future security measures.
The Grand Service, a collection of silver-gilt plate, was made in 1811 for the Prince of Wales, later George IV. It is used during State Banquets at Buckingham Palace for formal dinners held during state visits by foreign heads of state.
In 1820, George IV decided to reconstruct Buckingham House into a pied-à-terre, similar to his father George III's use of the house.
By the end of 1826, George IV, with the help of architect John Nash, changed his plans and transformed Buckingham House into a palace, doubling its size and adding new rooms.
By 1829, the costs for the reconstruction of Buckingham Palace had risen to nearly half a million pounds, leading to financial challenges and changes in architects.
After the old Houses of Parliament were destroyed by fire, William IV offered the still-incomplete Buckingham Palace as a replacement. The offer was declined, and Parliament voted to complete and perfect the Palace for royal use.
Marble Arch was completed in 1833 as a ceremonial entrance to Buckingham Palace, originally designed by John Nash and finished by Edward Blore. It was later moved to its current location in 1847.
In 1834, after the Houses of Parliament were destroyed by fire, King William IV offered Buckingham Palace as a new home for Parliament, but the offer was declined.
In July 1837, Queen Victoria became the first sovereign to reside in Buckingham Palace. This marked the beginning of the Palace being used as the official residence of the British monarch.
In June 1838, Queen Victoria became the first British sovereign to leave Buckingham Palace for her Coronation. This event highlighted the significance of the Palace in royal ceremonies.
In 1840, Queen Victoria married Prince Albert, which revealed the need for improvements in Buckingham Palace due to the lack of nurseries and bedrooms. This event led to the expansion and enhancement of the Palace.
In 1841, the future King Edward VII was born in Buckingham Palace.
Queen Victoria complained to the Prime Minister about the lack of space in Buckingham Palace for accommodation and entertaining. Plans were made for a new wing to be added to the Palace.
In 1847, Edward Blore completed the remodelling of Buckingham Palace by constructing an entirely new East Front, enclosing the courtyard and giving the palace the shape we recognize today.
In 1851, Queen Victoria and the Royal Family appeared on the Palace balcony to mark the opening of the Great Exhibition, a moment that became significant for public appearances by the royals.
The Irish State Coach is another significant carriage located within the Royal Mews at Buckingham Palace. It was constructed in 1852 and plays a role in royal events.
The Ballroom at Buckingham Palace was built in 1854, and it is the largest room in the palace where state banquets, formal dinners, and other grand events are held. The room features a throne dais and a giant velvet canopy used at the Delhi Durbar in 1911.
Architect James Pennethorne completed the Ball and Concert Room and the Ball Supper Room at Buckingham Palace. The interiors of the new rooms placed the Palace at the forefront of decoration in England.
After the death of Prince Albert in 1861, Queen Victoria mourned deeply and avoided Buckingham Palace, leaving it mostly vacant for several years.
In 1870, Charles Dickens visited Buckingham Palace for the first and only time, shortly before his death. Surprisingly, the author never mentioned the Palace in any of his novels.
In 1901, King Edward VII began redecorating Buckingham Palace in a Belle Époque cream and gold color scheme, which was considered by some to be at odds with the original work of architect Nash.
In 1910, Edward VII passed away in Buckingham Palace, the same place where he was born. His final words were about his horse winning a race that day.
The Victoria Memorial and the redevelopment of the surrounding area were unveiled as a tribute to Queen Victoria and her reign. The unveiling was led by King George V.
In 1913, Architect Aston Webb redesigned the public-facing East Front of Buckingham Palace using Portland Stone in a classical style. This design is still present today, along with the monument to Queen Victoria in front of the building.
The work on the forecourt of Buckingham Palace was completed just before the outbreak of the First World War in 1914.
In 1919, Buckingham Palace hosted a command performance featuring jazz musicians like the Original Dixieland Jazz Band, marking the first jazz performance for a head of state and contributing to the palace's nomination for a (Kind of) Blue Plaque in 2009.
In 1935, a year before the end of George V’s reign, Buckingham Palace was the focus of national celebrations for the King's Silver Jubilee.
In 1936, the Belgian Suite at Buckingham Palace briefly became the private apartments of the palace when Edward VIII occupied them.
In 1938, the northwest pavilion at Buckingham Palace, originally designed by Nash as a conservatory, was converted into a swimming pool.
On 15 September 1940, known as Battle of Britain Day, RAF pilot Ray Holmes rammed a German bomber he believed was targeting Buckingham Palace. The bomber crashed into the forecourt of London Victoria station, and Holmes became a King's Messenger after the war.
On 8 May 1945, after the end of the war in Europe, King George VI, Queen Elizabeth II, their daughters, and Prime Minister Winston Churchill appeared on the Buckingham Palace balcony before huge crowds.
In 1948, Prince Charles of Wales, the future King of the United Kingdom, was born in Buckingham Palace, marking a significant royal event.
In 1952, Queen Elizabeth took the oath as the Queen and moved into Buckingham Palace with Prince Philip, establishing it as the primary royal residence.
In 1953, Prince Philip made history by taking the first helicopter flight from Buckingham Palace to Pirbright in Surrey, where he inspected troops. This marked a significant moment in royal aviation.
In 1958, Queen Elizabeth II abolished the presentation parties for débutantes at Buckingham Palace, replacing them with Garden Parties.
The Queen's Gallery was created from the bombed-out ruins of the former Private Chapel on the initiative of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh.
In 1968, Charles Tryon sought exemption from the Race Relations Act for Buckingham Palace, stating that only people of color were hired as domestic servants, not for clerical jobs. Complaints of racism were to be handled directly by the Home Secretary.
In 1970, Buckingham Palace was officially designated as a Grade I listed building, imposing restrictions on alterations to preserve its historical and architectural significance.
In 1982, Michael Fagan broke into Buckingham Palace and entered the Queen's bedroom. Initially, it was reported that he had a conversation with the Queen, but this was later denied.
Since 1993, Buckingham Palace's state rooms have been open to the public during August and September, as well as on select dates throughout the year, allowing visitors to explore the royal residence.
Following the death of Diana, Princess of Wales in 1997, a Union Flag was flown at half-mast above Buckingham Palace for the first time. This tradition continues with a Royal Standard flying when the monarch is at home.
In 2002, a music concert was held in the gardens of Buckingham Palace to celebrate Queen Elizabeth II's Golden Jubilee. Brian May's performance of 'God Save The Queen' from the roof of the Palace was a highlight of the event.
In 2004, Buckingham Palace attempted to claim money from the community energy fund for heating but faced rejection due to concerns about public backlash.
In 2012, Buckingham Palace was transformed into a music venue for the Queen's Diamond Jubilee celebrations. The band Madness famously performed 'Our House' from the Palace roof.
Observing individuals dressed as Santa Claus, elves, and reindeer participating in Santacon event in London in 2013.
The Diamond Jubilee State Coach is a modern addition to the Royal Mews at Buckingham Palace, built in 2014. It is utilized in royal ceremonies and events.
In 2015, Buckingham Palace's State Dining Room was closed for a year and a half due to safety concerns with the ceiling. Extensive maintenance work was approved to ensure the building's longevity.
In 2018, an extraordinary Fly-Past by 100 aeroplanes took place at Buckingham Palace to mark the RAF's centenary, with the Royal Family appearing on the balcony.
Buckingham Palace is where all foreign leaders visiting Great Britain are initially received, making it a significant location for diplomatic meetings and events.
In 2015, parts of Buckingham Palace including the royal balcony, gates, and courtyard were recreated at Elstree Studios for filming of The Crown. As of February 2023, the set still stands near the Strictly Come Dancing Studio.
On May 6, 2024, the coronation anniversary of King Charles III was celebrated with ceremonial gun salutes across London.