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2024-11-09 02:09:03

Marie Antoinette

Last queen of France before French Revolution.
Marie Antoinette
Marie Antoinette
Last queen of France before French Revolution.

Marie Antoinette, born in Austria, married Louis XVI at 14. Accused of lavish spending, she faced public backlash. Executed during French Revolution in 1793.

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1755
Marie Antoinette's Marriage to Louis XVI

Marie Antoinette, an Austrian archduchess, marries Louis XVI of France, becoming the Queen of France and later facing scrutiny and criticism during the French Revolution.

1755-11-02
Birth of Marie Antoinette

Marie Antoinette was born as Maria Antonia on 2 November 1755 at the Hofburg Palace in Vienna, Archduchy of Austria. She was the youngest daughter of Empress Maria Theresa and Emperor Francis I.

1755-11-02
Birth of Marie Antoinette

Marie Antoinette was born on November 2, 1755.

1766
Marie Antoinette's family alliance

Marie Antoinette's family alliance is strengthened as she becomes the Archduchess of Austria by marrying Louis-Auguste, the Dauphin of France.

1767
Origin of the phrase 'Let them eat cake'

The phrase 'Let them eat cake' is often attributed to Marie Antoinette, but it actually appeared in Jean-Jacques Rousseau's autobiographical work before her arrival in France. There is no evidence that she ever uttered it.

1770-04-19
Marriage of Marie Antoinette to Louis-Auguste

Marie Antoinette married the heir to the French throne, Louis-Auguste, Duke of Berry and Dauphin of France, by proxy on April 19, 1770. The official wedding ceremony took place at the Palace of Versailles on May 16, 1770.

1770-05-14
Marriage of Marie Antoinette and Louis-Auguste

Marie Antoinette married Louis-Auguste, Duc de Berry and Dauphin of France at the Palace of Versailles, adopting the French version of her name, Marie Antoinette.

1770-05-16
Marriage of Marie Antoinette and Louis XVI

Marie Antoinette marries Louis XVI of France in Vienna at the age of 14 in a grand ceremony, as part of a diplomatic arrangement to establish an alliance between Austria and France.

1774-01-01
Marie Antoinette Becoming Queen

In 1774, Marie Antoinette became the Queen of France. This event marked a significant transition in her life and had a major impact on the history of France.

1774-05-10
Ascension of Marie Antoinette as Queen of France and Navarre

Upon the death of Louis XV, the dauphin ascended the throne as King Louis XVI of France and Navarre with Marie Antoinette as his queen consort.

1774-05-24
Petit Trianon Given to Marie Antoinette

King Louis XVI gave Marie Antoinette the Petit Trianon, allowing her to renovate it to suit her own tastes.

1775
Cozy relationship between Austria and France

A cozy relationship between Austria and France is established.

1776
Adoption of Armand Francois-Michel Gagné

In 1776, Marie Antoinette adopted Armand Francois-Michel Gagné, a poor orphan, into her family.

1777-04-18
Meeting at Château de la Muette

Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II met his sister and her husband at the Château de la Muette, where he discussed the unconsummated royal marriage and intervened to finally consummate it.

1778-12-19
Birth of Marie-Thérèse Charlotte

Marie Antoinette's daughter, Marie-Thérèse Charlotte, Madame Royale, was born at Versailles on 19 December 1778.

1779-05-13
Peace of Teschen

The Peace of Teschen, signed on 13 May 1779, ended a brief conflict and resulted in French mediation at the insistence of Marie Antoinette's mother, with Austria gaining the Innviertel territory.

1780-01-01
Financial Turmoil in France

During the 1780's, the French government faced financial issues and poor harvests, leading to a rise in grain prices across the country. Queen Marie Antoinette was accused of ignorance, extravagance, and adultery, despite not being involved in these activities.

1780-12-19
Birth of Marie-Thérèse

Queen Marie Antoinette of France gives birth to her first child, daughter Marie-Thérèse, eight years after she married Louis XVI of France.

1781-10-22
Birth of Louis Joseph Xavier François

Marie Antoinette gave birth to Louis Joseph Xavier François, Dauphin of France, on 22 October 1781.

1782
Marie Antoinette's Appointment of Duchesse de Polignac

After the governess of the royal children went bankrupt and resigned, Marie Antoinette appointed her favourite, the Duchesse de Polignac, to the position, which was met with disapproval from the court due to the duchess's modest origins.

1783-11-02
Marie Antoinette's Miscarriage

On the night of her 28th birthday, Marie Antoinette suffered a miscarriage.

1784-04-27
Premiere of The Marriage of Figaro

Beaumarchais's play The Marriage of Figaro premiered in Paris, and it was allowed to be publicly performed due to the queen's support, despite initially being banned by the king. The play was a disaster for the image of the monarchy and aristocracy.

1784-10-24
Louis XVI's Purchase of Château de Saint-Cloud for Marie Antoinette

Louis XVI bought the Château de Saint-Cloud from the Duc d'Orléans in the name of his wife, Marie Antoinette, which was unpopular and damaged the public's image of the queen even further due to its high cost and the public disapproval of a Queen of France independently owning a private residence.

1785-03-27
Birth of Louis Charles, Duc de Normandie

Marie Antoinette gave birth to her second son, Louis Charles, which led to doubts about the parentage of the child and a decline in the queen's reputation.

1786-07-09
Birth of Marie Sophie Hélène Béatrix

Marie Antoinette's last child, Marie Sophie Hélène Béatrix, was born, but tragically lived only eleven months.

1787-08-15
Exile of the Parlement

At Marie Antoinette's urging, the Parlement was exiled to Troyes, worsening the political situation.

1788-05-08
May Edicts

The May Edicts issued by Louis XVI were opposed by the public and parliament, contributing to the political unrest.

1788-08-26
Reinstatement of Jacques Necker as Finance Minister

Marie Antoinette played a key role in the reinstatement of Jacques Necker as Finance Minister, which was a popular move. She accepted Necker's proposition to double the representation of the Third Estate in an attempt to check the power of the aristocracy, despite her own worries about the potential consequences.

1789-06-04
The Affair of the Diamond Necklace

The scandal of the diamond necklace tarnishes Queen Marie Antoinette's reputation.

1789-10-01
Queen's Reception at Royalist Banquet

On October 1, 1789, during the French Revolution, the queen was received at a royalist banquet at Versailles. This event was denounced and considered a symbol of insult, leading to further tensions during the revolution.

1790-07-03
Secret Negotiations with Mirabeau

Marie Antoinette established secret negotiations with Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, Comte de Mirabeau, a significant lawmaker in the assembly, at the château de Saint-Cloud on 3 July 1790. This alliance aimed to restore the king's authority and navigate the complexities of the Revolution.

1791-04-18
Prevented Departure for Easter Mass

Marie Antoinette and her family were prevented from leaving Paris to attend Easter mass by a crowd and the Garde Nationale, strengthening her resolve to leave Paris for personal and political reasons.

1791-06-20
Attempted escape of the royal family

The royal family, with the assistance of several individuals, planned to escape from Paris on the night of June 20, 1791. However, they were apprehended by Revolutionary forces at Varennes and escorted back to Paris.

1791-06-21
Flight to Varennes

The royal family attempted to escape to the royalist stronghold of Montmédy, posing as the servants of an imaginary Russian baroness, but were arrested less than 24 hours later at Varennes, leading to a significant loss of support for the king.

1792-04-20
France's Declaration of War on Austria

Leopold's and Francis II's strong action on behalf of Marie Antoinette led to France's declaration of war on Austria, resulting in the queen being viewed as an enemy.

1792-08-10
Attack on the Tuileries

The attack on the Tuileries on 10 August 1792 forced the royal family, including Marie Antoinette, to take refuge at the Assembly.

1792-09-03
Princess de Lamballe's Execution

Princess de Lamballe, a loyal companion of Marie-Antoinette, was executed by a Parisian mob on September 3, 1792. She refused to take an oath against the monarchy and her head was paraded on a pike outside Marie-Antoinette’s windows.

1792-09-21
Abolition of Monarchy

The monarchy was abolished on 21 September 1792, marking a significant event during the French Revolution in which Marie Antoinette was involved.

1793
Execution of Marie Antoinette

Marie Antoinette, the last Queen of France, was executed by guillotine during the French Revolution.

1793-10-14
Marie-Antoinette's Trial

Marie-Antoinette was brought before the Revolutionary tribunal on October 14, 1793.

1793-10-16
Marie Antoinette is executed

Marie Antoinette found guilty, sentenced to death, and executed by guillotine.

1793-10-16
Marie Antoinette's Execution

Marie Antoinette, the Queen of France during the French Revolution, was executed by guillotine on October 16, 1793, amidst political turmoil and public unrest.

1815-01-21
Christian burial of Marie Antoinette's and Louis XVI's bodies

During the Bourbon Restoration, the bodies of Marie Antoinette and Louis XVI were exhumed and given a Christian burial at the Basilica of Saint-Denis.

2012-09-01
Marie Antoinette Production

A production related to the spectacular public life of Marie Antoinette was held at Loeb Drama Center from September 1, 2012 to September 29, 2012.

2020
Sale of Marie Antoinette's silk shoe in an auction

In 2020, a silk shoe that belonged to Marie Antoinette was sold in an auction at the Palace of Versailles for 43,750 euros ($51,780), reflecting the enduring fascination with her personal belongings.

2022
Dramatization of Marie Antoinette's story in a television series

In 2022, a television series dramatized the story of Marie Antoinette, showcasing her continued relevance in popular culture and historical narratives.

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Marie Antoinette
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