Amway, short for 'American Way', is a leading American multi-level marketing company offering health, beauty, and home care products. Founded in 1959, it operates globally with reported sales of $8.9 billion in 2019. Despite being the largest MLM company by revenue, Amway has faced legal issues and investigations for alleged pyramid scheme practices in various countries, including settlements and fines.
Frida Kahlo, born on July 6, 1907, was a renowned Mexican artist known for her self-portraits. She married Diego Rivera in 1929 and faced health struggles.
Zantac, a drug developed by Glaxo, became the world's best-selling drug by 1988. It was widely used to treat ulcers and heartburn, gaining popularity in the acid/peptic marketplace.
Colgate-Palmolive is headquartered in New York City and is known for producing household, health care, personal care, and veterinary products.
MERS is caused by MERS-CoV, with symptoms ranging from mild to severe. First identified in 2012, most cases are in the Arabian Peninsula. Spread is through camels, with close human contact required for transmission. No specific vaccine exists, but treatments are in development. Previous MERS infection may provide partial protection against COVID-19.
SARS was first discovered in Asia in 2003, causing 8,000 illnesses and 700 deaths in 29 countries. The outbreak was contained in July 2003.
Médecins Sans Frontières, also known as Doctors Without Borders, is a French NGO providing medical care in conflict zones and disease-affected countries. Founded in 1971, it operates in 70 countries with over 35,000 personnel. The organization's principles are outlined in its Charter and it has an associative structure with operational decisions made independently by six centers.
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is a global mutual aid fellowship dedicated to abstinence-based recovery from alcoholism through a twelve-step program. Founded in 1935, AA has over two million members worldwide, with a focus on anonymity and non-affiliation. The fellowship's traditions emphasize non-professionalism, non-denominationalism, and apolitical stance, with a policy of attraction over promotion.
Bayer AG, founded in 1863, is a leading pharmaceutical and biotech company. It is known for products like Aspirin and has a controversial history involving IG Farben and the Nazi era. Bayer merged with Monsanto in 2016, facing challenges due to Roundup lawsuits.
NHS England was established in 1948, providing free healthcare services. Key milestones include the introduction of MRI scans and keyhole surgery in the 1980s.
Andreas Vesalius wrote De Humani Corporis Fabrica Libri Septem, a major advance in human anatomy. Known as the founder of modern human anatomy, he was born in Brussels and later became a professor and Imperial physician.
Pilates is a mind-body exercise developed by Joseph Pilates in the early 20th century. It involves around 50 exercises focusing on muscle exertion and the 'five essentials'.
X-rays were discovered in 1895 by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen, leading to a revolutionary change in medical imaging and our understanding of the physical world.
Ultrasound in medicine began during and after WWII. Karl Dussik was the first to use it for medical imaging. Lazzaro Spallanzani published the first paper on ultrasound in 1794.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a medical imaging technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images of the body's internal structures. It was first proposed in 1969 and has since become a valuable tool in diagnosing various medical conditions.
The Spanish Flu, or 1918-1920 flu pandemic, caused by H1N1 influenza A virus, infected 500 million people globally, with death toll estimates ranging from 17 to 100 million. It broke out during World War I, with high mortality among young adults.
Smallpox, dating back to 1350 BCE, was eradicated in 1980. Edward Jenner's vaccination in 1796 marked a milestone in disease prevention.
Ebola virus outbreaks in various countries since 1996. The 2013-2016 epidemic in West Africa was the most widespread. First discovered in 1976 near the Ebola River in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
Edward Jenner, known as 'the father of immunology', created the smallpox vaccine in 1798. His work saved countless lives during a time when smallpox was a major threat to global population. Jenner's contributions to medicine and science have been widely recognized, and he was honored as one of the 100 Greatest Britons by the BBC in 2002.
HIV timeline from first reported cases in 1981 to present. Major events include CDC defining AIDS in 1982 and progress in research.