Francis Scott Key, a lawyer and poet, wrote the American national anthem. He was also a prominent lawyer in Maryland and Washington, D.C., serving as District Attorney for the District of Columbia. Key owned slaves but also criticized slavery and provided legal aid to slaves seeking freedom.
Charles Fourier was a French philosopher and early socialist thinker who founded utopian socialism. His radical views have influenced modern society, including coining the word feminism. Fourier's ideas inspired intentional communities worldwide and influenced revolutionary thinkers.
Vilfredo Pareto was a versatile Italian scholar, known for his work in economics, sociology, and political science. He introduced Pareto efficiency and the Pareto principle, highlighting income inequality and elite social groups.
Max Weber, a key figure in sociology, studied law and history, wrote about capitalism and modernity, and emphasized the importance of social action and interpretive methods in research. His influence on social theory remains significant.
Albert Camus, a French philosopher and author, won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1957. He was born in Algeria, resisted the German invasion during World War II, and was politically active against totalitarianism. Camus' works include The Stranger and The Plague.
Saudi Vision 2030 is a government program by Saudi Arabia aiming for economic diversification. Despite efforts, the country remains heavily reliant on oil revenue.
The Iran-Contra affair involved illegal arms sales to Iran to fund Contras in Nicaragua. President Reagan took responsibility but denied trading arms for hostages. Investigations led to indictments and convictions, with pardons issued by President George H. W. Bush.
The Chipko movement, also known as the 'hugging movement', was a protest against deforestation and commercial logging in India during the 1970s. It has evolved into an ecofeminist movement, with women playing a crucial role in advocating for the conservation and sustainable use of natural resources.
The Naxalite–Maoist Insurgency is an ongoing conflict between Maoist groups and the Indian government, primarily in rural areas of India. The insurgency aims to overthrow the government and establish a communist state.
The annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation in 2014 resulted in a Russian victory. It involved a military operation starting on February 27 and culminating in the signing of the treaty of accession on March 18.
Constantine the Great, the first Roman emperor to convert to Christianity, played a pivotal role in elevating the status of Christianity in Rome. He founded Constantinople and enacted reforms to strengthen the empire, including introducing the solidus gold coin. Constantine's reign marked a transition from classical antiquity to the Middle Ages.
Washington, D.C.'s history from Nacostine tribe to 2019. Key events: 1800 population, Civil War, Emancipation Proclamation, Civil Rights Movement.
Carl von Clausewitz, a Prussian general and military theorist, emphasized the psychological and political aspects of war. His work 'On War' is a significant treatise on military strategy. He believed in the dialectical interaction of factors in war and the importance of history in shaping military tactics.
Hồ Chí Minh, also known as Uncle Ho, led Vietnam's independence movement and served as president. He was a Marxist–Leninist and a key figure in the Vietnam War.
Qasem Soleimani, a key figure in the IRGC, led operations in the Syrian Civil War and was considered a top strategist in the Middle East. He was assassinated by the US in 2020, leading to tensions between the two countries.
An intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) is designed for nuclear weapons delivery, with a range over 5,500 km. It can also carry conventional, chemical, and biological weapons. ICBMs from countries like the US, Russia, China, and others support multiple warheads and improved accuracy for targeting various objectives.
Jocko Willink is a former Navy SEAL officer, honored with Silver Star and Bronze Star Medal. He co-authored books, co-founded a consulting firm, and hosts the Jocko Podcast.
William H. McRaven served as the ninth commander of the United States Special Operations Command and later as the chancellor of The University of Texas System. He retired from the U.S. Navy after over 37 years of service.
Attila, known as Attila the Hun, led an empire in Central and Eastern Europe. He was a formidable enemy of the Roman Empires, crossing the Danube and invading both the Eastern and Western Roman Empires. Despite his attempts, he was unable to conquer Constantinople and Rome. After his death in 453, the Hunnic Empire fell quickly.
Eleanor of Aquitaine was a powerful figure in Western Europe, known for her wealth, influence, and involvement in the Second Crusade. She was Duchess of Aquitaine, Queen of France, and later Queen of England, playing significant roles in politics, culture, and military affairs during the High Middle Ages.