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Fatah

Palestinian nationalist political party

Fatah, once known as the Palestinian National Liberation Movement, is the largest faction of the Palestine Liberation Organization. It has a history of revolutionary struggle and maintaining militant groups. After Yasser Arafat's death, factionalism within the party became more visible. In the 2006 election, Fatah lost its majority to Hamas, leading to a conflict between the two parties.

Related

Hamas Abdel Fattah al-Burhan Hezbollah Palestine Liberation Organization Israel–Hamas War Hassan Nasrallah First Intifada Zionism Houthi movement Benjamin Netanyahu

Timeline

Balfour Declaration

In 1917, the British administration released the Balfour Declaration, which pledged to help realize the Zionist goal, leading to increased fears and concerns among Palestinian Arabs over the loss of land and employment opportunities.

Mahmoud Abbas Born

Mahmoud Abbas, also known as Abu Mazen, was born in what is now northern Israel in 1935.

Fatah's Ideology Origin

The November 1959 edition of Fatah's underground journal Filastinuna Nida al-Hayat indicated that the movement was motivated by the status of the Palestinian refugees in the Arab world, emphasizing the willingness to sacrifice for the liberation of Palestine.

Mohammed Dahlan Born in Palestinian Refugee Camp

Mohammed Dahlan, born in 1961 in a Palestinian refugee camp, is a prominent Fatah leader in the Gaza Strip. He has been involved in various activities including serving prison terms in Israel for alleged terrorist activities.

Establishment of Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)

In May 1964, the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) was established in Cairo, Egypt. Fatah, founded in 1959, became the largest and most influential political party within the newly formed PLO. The PLO aimed to represent the Palestinian people and their struggle for independence.

Fatah launches terrorist raids against Israeli targets

Starting in January 1965, Fatah, with Syrian support, began launching terrorist raids against Israeli targets from Jordan, Lebanon, and Egyptian-occupied Gaza.

War of 1967 (Six-Day War)

The War of 1967, also known as the Six-Day War, was a conflict between Israel and a coalition of Arab states including Egypt, Syria, and Jordan. It resulted in the Israeli occupation of Palestinian territories of Gaza and the West Bank.

Battle of Karameh

In 1968, Fatah and other Palestinian armed groups faced a major Israeli Defense Forces operation in the Jordanian village of Karameh, where the Fatah headquarters and a Palestinian refugee camp were situated. The battle was a response to attacks on Israel, with Fatah holding its ground against Israeli forces and the Jordanian Army getting involved.

Yasser Arafat becomes Chairman of the PLO

Yasser Arafat, a key figure in Fatah, assumed the role of Chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) in 1969, succeeding Yahya Hammuda.

Jordanian government regains control over Palestinian militias

In 1970, the Jordanian government declared martial law to regain control over its territory after tensions escalated with heavily armed Palestinian resistance elements led by Fatah. The Jordanian army achieved dominance in the fighting, inflicting heavy casualties upon the Palestinians.

Defeat of Fatah field commander Abu Ali Iyad in Ajlun

In July 1971, a large group of guerrilla fighters led by Fatah field commander Abu Ali Iyad were decisively defeated by the Jordanian Army in the northern city of Ajlun. Abu Ali Iyad was executed, leading to the formation of the Black September Organization.

Assassination of Jordanian prime minister Wasfi al-Tal by Black September Organization

In November 1971, the Black September Organization, a splinter group of Fatah, assassinated Jordanian prime minister Wasfi al-Tal as retaliation for the execution of Abu Ali Iyad. This event marked a significant escalation of violence in the region.

Fatah's Black September terror group murders Israeli athletes at the Munich Olympic Games

In 1972, Fatah's Black September terror group perpetrated the tragic attack that resulted in the murder of 11 Israeli athletes at the Munich Olympic Games.

Israel's invasion of southern Lebanon

Israel's invasion of southern Lebanon in 1982 led to the ousting of the PLO and Fatah from the region, causing a crisis for the organizations.

Fatah al-Intifada Uprising

In the spring of 1983, Fatah dissidents supported by Syria staged an uprising within the Fatah movement, known as Fatah al-Intifada. Led by Said al-Maragha, the uprising triggered further fracturing within the PLO and led to armed clashes between different Palestinian groups and their Arab allies.

Mohammed Dahlan's Involvement in the 1987 Intifada

Mohammed Dahlan is believed to have been one of the leaders of the 1987 intifada, a significant uprising in the Palestinian territories against Israeli occupation.

Declaration of Independence by PLO

The Fatah-led PLO declared independence as a government-in-exile in 1988, recognized Israel's existence, rejected terrorism, and embraced a two-state solution.

The Oslo Accords were a series of agreements between Israel and the PLO, including Fatah, which led to the recognition of Israel by the PLO. These agreements also established the Palestinian National Authority, with Yasser Arafat as its head until his death in 2004.

Yasser Arafat's Death

Yasser Arafat, the head of the Palestinian National Authority and a key figure in the Oslo Accords, passed away in 2004. His death marked a significant transition in Palestinian politics.

Mahmoud Abbas Elected President of Palestinian National Authority

Mahmoud Abbas was elected president of the Palestinian National Authority on January 9, 2005.

Fatah's loss in Palestinian Parliament

On Jan. 25, 2006, Fatah lost its majority in the Palestinian Parliament to Hamas, despite still controlling the presidency and security forces.

Foundation of Fatah

Fatah, a Palestinian faction, was founded in the late 1950s. It was the first exile group to launch attacks against Israel and has played a significant role in Palestinian politics.

Sixth General Assembly of the Fatah Movement

The Sixth General Assembly of the Fatah Movement took place in Bethlehem after being postponed multiple times due to conflicts. Over 2,000 delegates attended, with internal dissension evident. The assembly set preconditions for resuming peace talks with Israel and affirmed the option for armed resistance.

Elections to Central Committee and Revolutionary Council of Fatah

New members of the Central Committee and Revolutionary Council of Fatah were chosen after a week of deliberations. The elections resulted in new members entering both committees, including women, Christians, and a Jewish-born convert to Islam. Fadwa Barghouti, wife of Marwan Barghouti, was elected to the central council.

Reconciliation process with Hamas

A meeting of the Fatah Revolutionary Council was held in Ramallah to discuss important matters, including reconciliation with Hamas. The opinion within the council was divided on this issue.

Fatah's 7th Congress Elections

In December 2016, more than 1400 members of Fatah's 7th Congress elected 18 members of the Central Committee and 80 for the Revolutionary Council. Changes in leadership included the addition of six new members to the Central Committee and the reelection of 12 members. Outgoing members included Nabil Shaath, Nabil Abu Rudeineh, Zakaria al-Agha, and Tayib Abdul Rahim.

Fatah Definition Archived

A definition or explanation of Fatah was archived on October 12, 2017 at the Wayback Machine.

Interview with Fatah Central Committee Member

An interview with Fatah Central Committee member Abdallah Al Frangi was archived on May 8, 2021 at the Wayback Machine on Radio France International.

Death of Abu Ashraf Al-Armoushi and Comrades

Fatah leader Abu Ashraf Al-Armoushi and his comrades were killed in the Al-Basateen neighborhood of Ain Al-Helweh camp on 30 July 2023 during a fighting.

End of the Timeline
Fatah

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