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Last Updated:
2024-04-18 21:55:40

World Wide Web

Global information medium accessed via Internet.
Global information medium accessed via Internet.
The World Wide Web (WWW) is a service operating over the Internet. Invented by Tim Berners-Lee in 1989, it has evolved through major milestones.
1980
Creation of ENQUIRE by Tim Berners-Lee
Tim Berners-Lee built ENQUIRE at CERN in Switzerland as a personal database to experiment with hypertext, where each new page had to be linked to another. This laid the foundation for the development of the World Wide Web.
1985
Development of Domain Name System (DNS)
The Domain Name System (DNS) was created to help organize and find files on the growing Internet. It laid the groundwork for the Uniform Resource Locator (URL) system we use today.
1988-01-01
Wide Area Information Servers (WAIS)
Thinking Machines Inc. develops a new Internet protocol called WAIS, allowing users to search through distributed servers and access documents with features like fuzzy searching and decentralized data storage.
1989-03-12
Proposal for World Wide Web
Tim Berners-Lee submitted a memorandum titled 'Information Management: A Proposal' to CERN, introducing the concept of the World Wide Web. The proposal outlined a system of hypertext database with typed links, envisioning a network where information could be easily accessed and linked through a click of a mouse.
1990-10-17
IMDb
Col Needham shares Unix scripts on Usenet for browsing movie lists, leading to the creation of the rec.arts.movies movies database, later evolving into IMDb, an online platform for movie information.
1990-11-12
Proposal for World Wide Web
Tim Berners-Lee, with the help of Cailliau, published a formal proposal on November 12, 1990, to create a 'hypertext project' known as the World Wide Web (W3). The project aimed to establish a network of hypertext documents accessible through browsers using a client-server architecture.
1990-12-20
World's First Website and Server Go Live
The world's first website and server go live at CERN, running on Tim Berners-Lee's NeXT computer. The server bears the message 'This machine is a server. DO NOT POWER DOWN!'
1990-12-25
Release of WorldWideWeb Browser
Tim Berners-Lee releases WorldWideWeb (later Nexus) on Christmas day, the first ever browser for the web. It features a built-in HTML editor alongside graphical features but is only available on NeXT machines and fails to gain much traction.
1991
Creation of Virtual Library by Tim Berners-Lee
In 1991, Tim Berners-Lee, the inventor of the World Wide Web, established a virtual library to assist users in locating URLs for various websites. The library was initially hosted on CERN webservers during the early days of the internet.
1991-05-14
Completion of Line Mode Browser
Nicola Pellow finishes work on the Line Mode Browser, a text only CLI-based browser for accessing the web. The browser could be easily ported to a variety of operating systems, making it incredibly popular despite a limited feature set.
1991-06-06
Origin of the Phrase 'Surf the Net'
Brendan Kehoe coins the phrase 'net-surfing' while discussing a troublesome user on a Usenet newsgroup, which later becomes a common idiom for using the internet.
1991-08-01
Creation of WWW Virtual Library
Tim Berners-Lee establishes the WWW Virtual Library at CERN to track new websites, where site owners could submit their links via email. The library later transitions to its own site.
1991-08-06
The First Website
Tim Berners-Lee publishes the first website to demonstrate and explain the purpose of the web. It contained links to other CERN documents and was hosted on Berners-Lee's NeXT computer.
1991-10-29
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)
Tim Berners-Lee publicly shares a draft of HTML on the www-talk mailing list. HTML is a fundamental language for website development and is the basis of the WWW. It has evolved significantly since its inception.
1991-11-28
The HTTP Protocol
Tim Berners-Lee introduces the HTTP protocol as part of the World Wide Web specification. The initial draft, HTTP v0.9, included a GET request method for clients to retrieve web pages.
1991-12-12
First Web Server Installed at SLAC
On December 12, 1991, the first web server outside Europe was installed at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) in California. It provided access to SPIRES, a database with information for scientists working in High Energy Physics (HEP), enabling them to search for publications.
1992-02-05
WWW Wizards
On February 5, 1992, Louise Addis formed the WWW Wizards group after assisting in the launch of the SLAC website. The group played a crucial role in educating users about the functioning of the web, offering support to web creators, and contributing to the development of the web ecosystem.
1992-03-09
ViolaWWW Browser
In March 1992, Pei-Yuan Wei developed the ViolaWWW browser at UCLA Berkeley, marking the first browser created outside of CERN. This experimental browser showcased the capabilities of Wei's scripting language, Viola, by introducing features like table rendering, scriptable objects, and stylesheets, influencing the design of future browsers.
1992-03-18
Invention of the URL
Tim Berners-Lee presents the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI), later renamed to the Uniform Resource Locator (URL), to the IETF. The URL is one of the founding technologies of the web, dictating how web page addresses are constructed.
1993-04-21
NCSA Mosaic
NCSA releases Mosaic version 1.0, developed by Marc Andreessen and Eric Bina. It features inline multimedia, an easy to use GUI, and visual elements for web designers to make use of. Soon after launch, Mosaic would become the most popular browser on the market.
1993-04-30
CERN Announces World Wide Web to be Free
On April 30, 1993, CERN declared that the World Wide Web would be accessible to everyone without any charges, releasing its code to the public domain. This move allowed independent development of servers and clients, leading to the rapid growth of the Web.
1993-06-08
Cello Browser
Thomas R Bruce publicly announces his plans for the release of the first ever Windows graphical browser. As a lawyer himself, Bruce created the browser for other lawyers and focused on making it as easy to install as possible. In the early days of the web, it was a popular choice for Windows users.
1993-06-14
Creation of What's New webpage by NCSA
NCSA, the company behind Mosaic, develops What's New, a webpage showcasing popular new sites updated daily, added to the Mosaic browser homepage, attracting significant traffic.
1993-06-30
Deployment of World Wide Web Wanderer
Matthew Gray invents the World Wide Web Wanderer using web crawling technology, creating the WWWW to collect website data in the Wandex database, providing search-like functionality and a snapshot of the global web usage.
1993-07-28
World Wide Web Wizards Workshop
The World Wide Web Wizards Workshop, a conference organized by Dale Dougherty at O'Reilly offices in Cambridge, Massachusetts, gathers web experts including Tim Berners-Lee to discuss web technologies, the web consortium idea, and the future of the web project.
1993-08-19
Global Network Navigator
Global Network Navigator (GNN) is considered the web's first commercial publication, providing news stories and links to popular sites. It later became the first site to experiment with advertising.
1993-09-01
World Wide Web Worm
Oliver McBryan develops the World Wide Web Worm (WWWW), one of the web's first search engines. Unlike manually curated search engines of the time, WWWW automatically crawled sites and matched them to user queries.
1993-09-02
W3Catalog
Oscar Nierstrasz publishes W3Catalog, which automatically compiles curated lists like What's New and the WWW Virtual Library into one place using a web scraper.
1993-10-01
Internet Underground Music Archive (IUMA)
Started by students at UC Santa Cruz, the IUMA is a platform hosting MP3 files from lesser-known bands for free download. It expands globally and develops a website for organizing tracks.
1993-11-01
Ranjit’s HTTP Playground
Ranjit Bhatnagar creates a personal website called the 'HTTP Playground' featuring daily lunch lists and personal stories. It evolves into a platform for sharing intimate experiences with humor.
1993-11-08
HTML+
Dave Raggett introduces HTML+, an extension of HTML with new features like tables and advanced forms. It serves as a precursor to HTML 3.2.
1993-11-14
Common Gateway Interface (CGI)
NCSA Mosaic team standardizes CGI, enabling web servers to run dynamic scripts for generating HTML content. This advancement allows for visitor tracking and content updates.
1994-01-01
Yahoo! created by Jerry Yang and David Filo
Jerry Yang and David Filo create an online directory known as Jerry and David’s guide to the World Wide Web while studying at Stanford. The site quickly gains popularity for discovering new websites and is later renamed to Yahoo!.
1994-02-15
Launch of NandO.net
In 1994, the Raleigh area newspaper News & Observer launched NandO.net, a digital project aimed at creating a regional community hub. It included a website with local and national news, as well as an Internet Service Provider for North Carolinians, serving as a pioneering experiment in news publishing.
1994-04-05
Spyglass Rewrites the Mosaic Browser
In April 1994, NCSA turned to Spyglass to distribute the Mosaic browser commercially, leading to a rewrite of the browser. Spyglass later licensed it to companies like IBM and O’Reilly Media, eventually becoming a key component of Microsoft’s Internet Explorer.
1994-04-20
WebCrawler Developed
WebCrawler, one of the first search engines offering full text search of page content, was developed by University of Washington computer science student Brian Pinkerton. It quickly gained popularity and was acquired by AOL within a year.
1994-05-01
Justin's Links from the Underground
Justin Hall created his first website called 'Links from the Underground' in 1994 from his Swathmore dorm room. It evolved into one of the earliest examples of a blog on the web, where Justin shared personal details daily.
1994-06-01
InternetWorks for Windows Released
InternetWorks for Windows, the first browser to feature tabbed browsing and advanced browsing history features, is released by BookLink Technologies. It is later acquired by AOL and eventually replaced by Netscape.
1994-08-04
Cool Site of the Day Launches
Cool Site of the Day, created by Glenn Davis, starts featuring great new websites daily. It gains millions of views a month before losing popularity.
1994-08-31
Purple.com Launches
Purple.com, the earliest single-serving website, is quietly launched by Jeff Abrahamson. The site is initially purple with a background color of #DD00FF, later changed to #7D26CD for a more 'purple' look.
1994-09-02
Cyberia Internet Café Opens
Cyberia, considered the first official Internet café, opens in London. Initially meant for women to learn about the Internet, it becomes popular and inspires cyber cafés worldwide.
1994-09-29
Tripod Domain Name Registered
Tripod registers its domain name, becoming one of the first free web hosting services. Initially targeting college students, it later evolves into a popular platform for creating free web homepages.
1994-10-01
First Banner Ad on the Web
Hotwired launches the first official banner ad on the web for AT&T, leading users to a virtual tour of art museums. This marks a significant moment in online advertising.
1994-10-13
Netscape Navigator released
Netscape Navigator, the first browser by Netscape Communications, is launched to great success and popularity. It later becomes the leading browser until Microsoft takes over during the Browser Wars.
1994-10-27
Launch of Hotwired.com
Wired Magazine unveils Hotwired.com, the first commercial online magazine with cutting-edge design that undergoes frequent redesigns.
1994-11-01
Creation of Geocities
David Bohnett and John Rezner establish Geocities, a web hosting service that evolves into a platform with 'neighborhoods' for amateur webmasters to connect, eventually acquired by Yahoo in 1999.
1995-01-20
Mercury Center Web Launch
San Jose’s Mercury News launches their website, becoming the first public news site on the web with a paywall model for full access to paying digital subscribers.
1995-02-01
iVillage Launch
Nancy Evans, Candice Carpenter, and Robert Levitan launch iVillage, focusing on message boards and attracting a new community of women to the web.
1995-03-01
Feed Magazine Launch
Stefanie Syman and Steven Johnson start Feed, a web zine with in-depth pieces about news, tech scene, and culture, influencing online media.
1995-04-29
Webgrrls
In April 1995, Aliza Sherman organizes an in-person gathering in New York, which eventually leads to the formation of Webgrrls. This national organization for women of the web grows to have tens of thousands of members and chapters in major cities.
1995-05-25
Batman Forever Site
On May 25, 1995, the Batman Forever website is launched, showcasing one of the first major marketing and visual design efforts on the web. The site includes innovative features like message boards, downloadable videos, and an animated intro.
1995-05-26
The Internet Tidal Wave
Bill Gates sends a memo to all employees at Microsoft, changing his perspective on the Internet and declaring it as the focal point of the company's future. This shift leads to the launch of Internet Explorer by Microsoft.
1995-06-01
Word Magazine Launch
Jamie Levy and Marisa Bowe establish Word Magazine, an early online publication known for its honest content and unique design. Despite its short lifespan, it significantly influences the development of web design and online magazines.
1995-06-08
PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor Release
Rasmus Lerdorf releases the 'Personal Home Page Tools' package, later known as PHP Tools. Initially basic, PHP evolves into the most widely used programming language on the web after multiple updates.
1995-07-06
Newgrounds Launch
Tom Fulp launches Newgrounds as an online community, allowing user submissions via the Portal and hosting creative animations and videos.
1995-08-01
Women.com
Founded as Women’s WIRE by Ellen Pack and Nancy Rhine, Women.com relaunches as a community website with the help of partner Marleen McDaniel. It becomes a popular destination for women online and is later acquired by iVillage in 2001.
1995-08-09
Netscape IPO
Netscape goes public with soaring stock prices and releases Netscape Navigator 2.0, capturing a significant share of the browser market.
1995-08-15
Internet Explorer 1.0
Microsoft launches Internet Explorer to compete with Netscape, initially using licensed code from Spyglass Mosaic. Subsequent versions of Internet Explorer would see significant improvements.
1995-08-24
MSN Launch
Microsoft introduces The Microsoft Network (MSN) as a dial-up service and Internet Service Provider, along with Microsoft Internet Start. MSN evolves into a web-based platform by 1998.
1995-09-10
Creation of AudioNet by Mark Cuban and Todd Wagner
Mark Cuban and Todd Wagner establish AudioNet, a web-based radio site that would later evolve into Broadcast.com. The company quickly expands to streaming sporting events and other content to a large audience.
1995-09-18
Inclusion of JavaScript in Netscape browser betas
Netscape incorporates the first version of JavaScript, a programming language developed by Brendan Eich, into their browser betas. JavaScript soon becomes a fundamental language for web development, enabling interactivity and access to the Document Object Model (DOM).
1995-10-01
Day in the Life of Cyberspace
MIT lab launches an online community experiment on their 10th anniversary, gathering submissions worldwide to showcase how people were utilizing the Internet for work and life.
1995-10-24
Data Protection Directive
The Data Protection Directive, an early international legislation on online privacy, establishes rules to safeguard individuals' data privacy online, emphasizing transparency in data collection. It was later replaced by the General Data Protection Regulation in 2018.
1995-10-31
Nettime Mailing List
A mailing list created by Geert Lovink and Pit Schultz for artists and critics interested in exploring the web as an artistic medium. It played a significant role in the development of movements like net.art and Net Critique, bringing together influential writers and artists of the early web.
1995-11-01
FrontPage Release
Vermeer Technologies releases FrontPage, a user-friendly web authoring tool aimed at enabling beginners to create websites easily through drag and drop tools. It quickly becomes one of the most popular web authoring tools in the market.
1995-11-14
NetRadio Launch
NetRadio, the first streaming radio website founded by Scott Bourne and Scot Combs, converts analog radio stations to digital RealAudio streams. It also provides concert schedules and band profiles. NetRadio was eventually acquired by Navarre Corporation in 1997 and ceased operations in 2001.
1995-11-24
HTML 2.0 Publication
HTML 2.0 is officially published as IETF RFC 1866, incorporating elements from previous HTML specifications and introducing new ones. It serves as the latest HTML specification until January 1997.
1996-01-01
Project Cool
Glenn Davis and Teresa Martin establish Project Cool, an early educational resource for web developers and designers, featuring tutorials, tips, and innovative techniques like Liquid Design. They later collaborate on two books inspired by the site.
1996-01-08
Designing for the Web: Getting Started in a New Medium
Jennifer Niederst publishes 'Designing for the Web', one of the pioneering books on web design, catering to print and graphic designers transitioning to web design with essential tools and techniques.
1996-02-01
HTML Editorial Review Board
After the HTML standard languishes at IETF, the W3C brings the HTML specification in-house and forms a review board to oversee its development. This group would go on to publish HTML 3.2, a major step forward and a consolidation of several competing standards.
1996-02-13
PointCast Launches
PointCast launches in beta, introducing 'push' based technology to the web platform by streaming content from websites directly to user's computers via screensaver. Despite initial promise, it eventually becomes a failed experiment due to the shift towards web browsers.
1996-04-01
Launch of Craigslist.org
Craig Newmark and Philip Knowlton launch craigslist.org, initially starting as an email list for events and classifieds. It later expands to multiple cities with minimal advertising and design.
1996-04-07
Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) Launch
The Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) by W3C begins to improve web accessibility through guidelines like WCAG and enhancing accessibility in web standards and legislation.
1996-08-15
Launch of Zip2
Elon and Kimbal Musk, along with Greg Khouri, launch Zip2 in Boston, merging a directory of business listings with map-based navigation to create an interactive Yellow Pages for the web. The company later partnered with editorial outlets like The New York Times and Knight Ridder.
1996-09-01
Launch of Bobby
Bobby was launched as one of the first accessibility tools on the web. It allowed developers to receive comprehensive accessibility reports by entering a link to their site or uploading an HTML file. Bobby went through several advanced versions before being discontinued in 2005.
1997-01-14
HTML 3.2 Published
After HTML 3.0 is abandoned, W3C releases HTML 3.2 as an official recommendation with new features like tables, superscripts, and advanced forms.
1997-03-06
The Webby Awards Inception
The Webby Awards, known as the tech Oscars, started as a small event by Web Magazine and grew into a prestigious ceremony with various categories and celebrity hosts.
1997-03-24
Sun Microsystems Releases HotJava Browser
Sun Microsystems launches HotJava, their Java-based browser with support for Java applets, distinguishing it from other browsers in the market.
1997-10-01
Internet Explorer 4.0
Microsoft released Internet Explorer 4.0, which was bundled for free and deeply integrated with the Windows operating system. It surpassed Netscape's market share during the 'Browser Wars' but faced an antitrust lawsuit due to its distribution methods.
1997-10-02
Resource Description Framework (RDF)
A W3C working group issued a specification for RDF, making connecting webpages easier by representing metadata in a standard, machine-readable format. It built on the work of Ramanathan V. Guha and Tim Bray.
1998-02-01
ChickClick Launch
Heather and Heidi Swanson launch ChickClick, a pioneering web-ring and social platform site for women. It offers free homepage creation tools and links to various woman-focused sites.
1998-02-10
XML Version 1.0 Specification by W3C
The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) publishes the XML Version 1.0 specification, enabling structured data readable by both machines and humans. XML becomes crucial for web services and data exchange.
1998-02-19
Goto.com Launch
Goto.com, later known as Overture, is launched as a search engine allowing advertisers to bid for keywords. It revolutionizes search practices and is eventually acquired by Yahoo.
1998-03-01
Introduction of XML-RPC by Dave Winer
Dave Winer introduces XML-RPC as an interim solution while the SOAP protocol is delayed, enabling communication over web-based HTTP using XML as the data format.
1998-03-31
Mozilla Open Sources Browser
Netscape suddenly open sources their browser and Internet tools, forming the Mozilla Organization within Netscape to oversee the source code and community, eventually evolving into the Mozilla Foundation.
1998-04-01
Publication of HTCPCP RFC by Larry Masinter
Larry Masinter releases an RFC for the Hyper Text Coffee Pot Control Protocol (HTCPCP) as an April Fools joke, highlighting flawed protocol designs with the inclusion of the HTTP error code 418: I'm a Teapot, which later became a popular web reference.
1998-04-18
Sitepoint Creation
Matt Mickiewicz starts compiling web resources in high school and later co-founds Sitepoint with Mark Harbottle, an online magazine and community for web designers.
1998-05-12
CSS2 Recommendation by W3C
W3C recommends Cascading Style Sheets 2, introducing new features like positioning, bi-directional text, and font styling attributes, leading to its adoption by modern browsers.
1998-06-06
PHP Version 3 Release
PHP Version 3, a significant overhaul spearheaded by Andi Gutmans and Zeev Suraski, marks PHP's evolution into a complete programming language with improved speed, cleanliness, and extensibility.
1998-08-07
Rehabilitation Act Amendments of 1998 Section 508
President Clinton signs into law the Rehabilitation Act Amendments of 1998, including a revised Section 508 which was expanded to include the World Wide Web. It mandates that any websites published by or used by the government or federal agencies be completely accessible to those with disabilities, and makes these rules enforceable.
1998-08-10
Web Standards Project (WaSP) Launch
A group of web designers and developers launch the web standards project after becoming frustrated with the way browsers implemented HTML and CSS unevenly and sporadically. The group operated for 15 years, pressuring browsers into web standards support and educating developers on how best to use them.
1998-09-04
Google Incorporation
Larry Page and Sergey Brin officially incorporate Google, introducing a new website with a focus on simple, text-based search and the innovative PageRank algorithm based on back-links.
1998-10-01
Box Acid Test
CSS Samurai Todd Fahrner creates the Box Acid Test to evaluate browser support for CSS by displaying a simple webpage with arranged boxes, leading to improvements in browser compatibility.
1998-10-21
Sidewalk.com Launch by Microsoft
Microsoft launches Sidewalk.com, an entry into the City Guide space, focusing on business listings, classifieds, and local advertising. Despite initial focus on local test markets, the site struggles to gain market share and is eventually acquired by competitor CitySearch in 1999.
1999-05-05
Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG)
The W3C publishes the WCAG with 14 guidelines to help developers create accessible websites. It is a compilation of several other guideline documents that inspired it and has been revised multiple times over the years.
1999-05-06
Quirks Mode
Internet Explorer 5 for Mac becomes the first browser to implement Quirks mode, a technique ensuring backward compatibility for sites coded for older browser versions. Developers could opt out of quirks mode rendering by using a standards-compliant doctype.
1999-07-09
Fahrner Image Replacement
C.Z. Robertson introduces a new technique for using images to replace text that is screen-reader friendly and standards compliant. The method, eventually named after Todd Fahrner, utilizes background images and CSS to make text accessible to screen readers while remaining visually hidden.
1999-07-14
MetaFilter
Former Blogger employee Matthew Haughey launches MetaFilter, a community weblog allowing visitors to post links and descriptions, fostering conversation through threaded comments. MetaFilter becomes an active and productive online community due to its early web presence and dedicated followers.
1999-08-23
Release of Blogger
Pyra Labs releases the first version of Blogger, an early blogging tool that simplifies web publishing and helps spread blogging to a growing community of indie publishers and writers. Blogger was later acquired by Google in 2003.
2000-01-01
Representational State Transfer (REST)
On January 1, 2000, Roy Fielding introduced the design of REST web services in his PhD dissertation for UC Irvine. Although initially dormant, REST eventually gained popularity and became the primary method for developing open APIs.
2000-03-08
Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP)
SOAP is a web services platform developed by Microsoft for servers and clients to communicate using XML-encoded messages transferred over a common envelope. It is action-driven, with separate endpoints handling each operation the server needs to make.
2000-03-27
Internet Explorer 5 For Mac
Microsoft releases Internet Explorer 5 specifically for Mac computers, setting a new standard with full support for CSS according to W3C specifications.
2000-05-18
Drupal Launch
Drupal is launched as a messaging board for college friends at the University of Antwerp, later evolving into one of the first content management systems allowing users to create and edit content without coding.
2000-08-07
DeviantArt Submission Opens
DeviantArt starts accepting user submissions for Winamp skins, originally part of DMusic platform, later transforming into a popular art hub for various creations.
2000-10-23
Konquerer browser released in KDE project
The KDE project introduces a new browser named Konquerer in its version 2 release. Konquerer, an open-source browser maintained by a vibrant community, later serves as the foundation for Apple's Safari and Google Chrome.
2001-01-21
Boing Boing Launches First Website
Boing Boing launches its first website, originally as an online extension of a print zine by Mark Frauenfelder and Carla Sinclair. It later evolves into one of the first link blogs with a group of editors sharing internet content and commentary.
2001-02-16
Browser Upgrade Campaign Launch
The Web Standards Project (WaSP) launches the Browser Upgrade Campaign to educate users about the importance of web standards. Developers start adding banners to sites and redirecting users with old browsers to explain the need for upgrades.
2001-03-07
b2 Blogging Platform Release
Developer Michel Valdrighi releases b2, an alternative blogging platform using PHP and MySQL. It is made open source for contributions. b2 is later forked as WordPress after Valdrighi's departure.
2001-07-23
HTML Components in Internet Explorer 5.5
Internet Explorer 5.5 introduces support for HTML components, enabling developers to add new behaviors to existing HTML elements and create new elements using JavaScript, HTML, and a specialized version of XML.
2001-10-24
Launch of The Wayback Machine
The Wayback Machine, launched in 2001, is a web archiving tool by the Internet Archive that allows users to view past versions of websites. It crawls the web continuously to provide timestamped snapshots of web pages.
2002-02-13
Release of Camino Browser
Camino, initially known as Chimera, was released in 2002 by former Netscape employees. It was the first Mac browser built using the Cocoa API and paved the way for native Mac browsing like Safari. Camino was eventually discontinued in 2012.
2002-03-20
Merger of Last.fm and Audioscrobbler
In 2002, Last.fm merged with Audioscrobbler to create a platform for personalized web radio and music discovery. Users could connect based on music preferences and explore new music through a radio influenced by friends' tastes. Last.fm was later acquired by CBS in 2007.
2002-04-04
Doctype Switching and the Box Model Hack
Tantek Çelik introduces doctype switching while developing IE5 for Mac, allowing web developers to define CSS box model. He also creates the Box Model Hack to polyfill older browsers.
2003-04-01
Creation of WordPress
Matt Mullenweg and Mike Little create a fork of the popular blogging platform b2, laying the foundation for WordPress, which later evolved into a full content management system with themes, plugins, and an administration panel.
2003-05-05
Launch of LinkedIn
A group of tech entrepreneurs, including Paypal alumni, introduce the professional development-focused social network LinkedIn, catering to an older, business-oriented demographic seeking to expand their professional connections.
2003-07-01
Atom Syndication Format
After the stagnation of RSS, a new syndication format called Atom was created by members of the web community to better meet the evolving needs of the internet. Atom was developed through public discussion on a wiki and later became an IETF standard.
2003-07-15
Mozilla Foundation
The Mozilla Organization transitions into a non-profit entity known as the Mozilla Foundation, separating from Netscape. This move ensured the organization's independence and continuity even if Netscape ceased to exist.
2003-08-01
Myspace Launch
Myspace, a social networking platform created by a team at eUniverse, was introduced as a platform for users to connect digitally with new friends through unique online identities. It later became immensely popular, was acquired by News Corp, and eventually closed down.
2003-09-13
Delicious Launch
Joshua Schachter and Peter Gadjokov launch Delicious, a social bookmarking site that introduced the concept of user-generated tags for bookmarks, making them easily searchable. Delicious was later acquired by Yahoo and underwent multiple ownership changes.
2004-04-01
Launch of Gmail
Gmail is launched to private invites after three years of development. Initially created by Paul Bucheit, Gmail offered more storage and better search than its competitors, all built around an application-like experience. The April Fools day joke is Sergey Brin’s idea.
2004-06-02
W3C Web Applications Workshop
Adobe convenes W3C’s Workshop on Web Applications and Compound Documents to discuss the future of web applications. The group votes against extending HTML in favor of the much stricter standard XHTML. After the meeting, frustrated dissenters will create the WHATWG.
2004-06-04
Foundation of WHATWG
Representatives from Mozilla and Opera, led by Ian Hickson, form the WHATWG as a response to the direction of the W3C. The new standards body begins with a mailing list and simple charter to discuss how to improve the HTML markup language.
2005-07-05
Microsoft Web Standards Task Force
The Web Standards Projects creates a task force led by Molly Holzschlag to improve web standards support in Microsoft's Internet Explorer by providing guidance on implementing HTML and CSS specifications.
2005-08-10
Opera Mini Launch
Opera Mini is launched as a beta project in collaboration with Norwegian TV station TV 2, allowing instant web access on any phone through a proxy server that optimizes and caches web pages for speed and reliability.
2006-11-01
Web Reaches 100 Million Total Websites
On November 1, 2006, the total number of websites on the web reached 100 million, marking a significant milestone in the growth of the internet.
2007
iPhone
The introduction of the iPhone in 2007 increased online activity but also steered users towards Apple's app ecosystem, moving them away from the open web. Apps became a popular alternative to traditional web browsing.
2008-02-15
Single Serving Sites
Jason Kottke coins the term 'Single Serving Sites' for websites with a single purpose and self-explanatory URL. The concept gained popularity after Kottke highlighted examples like BarackObamaIsYourNewBicycle.com.
2009-11-17
Launch of the World Wide Web Foundation
On November 17, 2009, Tim Berners-Lee and Steve Bratt officially introduced the Web Foundation with the aim of empowering people through the web for positive change.
2010-04-08
WOFF File Format
The Web Open Font Format specification is submitted to the W3C as an open source format optimized for the web, allowing for small and embeddable font files. Browsers gradually start adopting the WOFF format.
2010-05-25
Responsive Web Design
Ethan Marcotte introduces the concept of Responsive Web Design in an article, revolutionizing CSS layout for mobile devices by combining fluid grids, flexible images, and media queries to create adaptable layouts. This approach will soon become the industry standard.
2010-10-13
Backbone.js
The first version of Backbone.js, a lightweight web framework following the model view presenter pattern, is launched to assist developers in managing complex JavaScript codebases. Backbone.js gains popularity for building single page applications.
2010-10-20
AngularJS
AngularJS, developed by software engineer Miško Hevery, is an open-source JavaScript framework that enables web designers to create single page applications with data binding directly in HTML templates.
2011-04-26
Style Tiles
Samantha Warren introduces Style Tiles, a method for organizing web design patterns effectively during the client discovery and prototyping phase of web development projects.
2012-07-19
HTML Splits In Two
The W3C and WHATWG agree to diverge in their approaches to HTML, with W3C opting for versioned snapshots while WHATWG adopts a single 'living standard' called HTML.
2012-08-29
The Picture Element
The Responsive Images Community Group (RICG) finalizes the specification for the picture element, allowing lightweight images to be served to mobile browsers after years of collaboration and feedback.
2013-03-01
React Framework Released
Developers at Facebook introduce React, a user interface framework for the web that emphasizes component-based architecture inspired by XHP, enabling dynamic updates based on data changes.
2013-04-03
Blink
Blink, a rendering engine derived from the Webkit project, is introduced. It powers Chromium-based browsers like Google Chrome, focusing on multiprocessing tasks and incorporating the V8 JavaScript engine.
2014-02-11
Vue.js Launch
Vue.js, a web framework for single page applications, is launched by Evan You. It utilizes data binding, the model-view-controller pattern, and client-side routing, offering modular components for developers.
2014-09-14
1 Billion Websites Milestone
The number of websites on the internet surpasses 1 billion, although it briefly drops below this mark by the end of 2014 before exceeding it again in 2015.
2014-10-28
HTML5 Official Recommendation
HTML5 is officially recognized as a recommendation by the W3C, introducing new syntactic elements, APIs, and enhanced multimedia support like video and canvas elements.
2015
Google AMP and PWA Specifications Announcement
Google introduced specifications for Accelerated Mobile Pages (AMP) and progressive web applications (PWA) in 2015 to optimize web pages for mobile devices and allow web pages to be saved and opened like native apps.
2016
Adoption of responsive web design due to mobile device usage
Since 2016, most visitors access websites with mobile devices, leading to the widespread adoption of responsive web design.
2017
Web 25: Histories from the First 25 Years of the World Wide Web
A book by Niels Brügger that delves into the history of the World Wide Web in its first 25 years, providing insights and stories about its evolution.
2018-03-06
MooTools Bug in Mozilla Firefox
A bug was added to the official Mozilla Firefox browser bug tracker on March 6, 2018, causing a 14-day weather forecast widget on a German website to break and disappear.
2019-03
30th Anniversary of the World Wide Web
In March 2019, the Web celebrated its 30th anniversary.
2020
Discontinuation of Adobe Flash support
Adobe discontinued support for Flash due to its security vulnerabilities and the rise of HTML 5 as a more advanced alternative.
2021
Microsoft's adoption of Chromium for Edge browser
In 2021, Microsoft revamped its Edge browser by switching to the Chromium code base for improved compatibility with Chrome. This move aimed to enhance the browsing experience for users.
2023-04-13
Publication of 'A History of the World Wide Web'
On April 13, 2023, Jack Slater published 'A History of the World Wide Web', providing insights into the evolution of the web from its inception to the present day.
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