Ferdinand Magellan

Ferdinand Magellan, the Portuguese explorer, is born in Villa Real in Tras os Montes.

When Ferdinand Magellan was 10 years old, his parents passed away under unknown circumstances, leaving him an orphan.

In 1492, Ferdinand Magellan becomes a page at the royal Portuguese court.

The Treaty of Tordesillas was signed on June 7, 1494.

At around 15 years old, Ferdinand Magellan became a page to the Queen of Portugal, Leonor, following a common practice for sons of Portuguese nobility. This experience exposed him to the workings of the royal court.

In 1505, Ferdinand was appointed as a messenger in the queen's court where he gained knowledge about ships and other related matters.

In March 1505, at the age of 25, Ferdinand Magellan enlisted in the fleet of 22 ships sent to host Francisco de Almeida as the first viceroy of Portuguese India. He participated in battles in Goa, Cochin, and Quilon.

Magellan participated in the Battle of Diu in 1509, a significant naval conflict where the Portuguese fleet decisively defeated a coalition of forces, establishing Portuguese control over the Indian Sea.

In 1510, Ferdinand Magellan plays a role in the establishment of Portuguese Goa.

In 1511, Ferdinand embarked on his second voyage to Melaka, where he discovered new lands and witnessed the Portuguese conquest of the region.

In 1512, Ferdinand started planning his own voyage to sail around the world with a crew. He sought financial support from Spain after Portugal refused to finance his trip.

In August 1513, during a skirmish against the Moroccan stronghold of Azamor, Ferdinand Magellan sustained a leg wound that would cause him to limp for the rest of his life.

In November 1514, Ferdinand Magellan returned to Lisbon and asked King Manuel for a token increase in his pension as a reward for his services. However, due to unfounded reports of irregular conduct, the king refused his request and ordered him back to Morocco.

In early 1516, Ferdinand Magellan renewed his petition for a reward from King Manuel, but once again, the king refused his request and advised him to offer his services elsewhere.

Ferdinand Magellan joins a Portuguese expeditionary force attacking Azemmour in Morocco.

After having his proposed expeditions to the Spice Islands rejected by King Manuel of Portugal, Magellan turned to Charles I of Spain for funding. Charles approved the expedition in the hope of finding a western trade route to the Moluccas.

On January 1, 1519, Ferdinand embarked on his journey from Spain with a ship carrying prisoners and sailors. The challenging voyage lasted for several months, spanning over a few years.

The Spanish expedition led by Ferdinand Magellan set sail from Seville in 1519 with the goal of finding a southwestern passage to China and the Spice Islands. The expedition was the first voyage around the world in human history.

On September 6, 1519, Victoria returned to Sanlúcar de Barrameda under the command of Elcano, nearly three years after setting sail. This marked the completion of a significant voyage of exploration.

On September 8, 1519, Victoria arrived at Seville, concluding another leg of its historic journey. The arrival marked an important milestone in the circumnavigation expedition.

On September 9, 1519, Elcano and the first 17 European circumnavigators, each holding a candle, walked barefoot from the Victoria to the Minim convent in fulfillment of vows. This symbolic act highlighted the challenges and triumphs of their expedition.

On September 20, 1519, Ferdinand Magellan set sail from Spain with five ships to find a western route to the Spice Islands. This expedition would eventually lead to the first circumnavigation of the globe.

The fleet made a stop in the Canary Islands to take in provisions.

On October 3, 1519, Ferdinand Magellan's five-ship fleet departed from Seville on its historic journey to circumnavigate the globe. This departure marked a significant moment in the Age of Exploration.

The fleet arrived in the vicinity of Cape St. Augustine.

The fleet entered the bay of Rio de Janeiro.

The fleet departed from Rio de Janeiro to continue its journey.

In 1520, Ferdinand Magellan discovered a navigable sea route in South America, which he named the Magellan Strait, providing a crucial passage for future explorations.

A severe storm at Cape Santa María forced Magellan to reverse course and head north towards Paranaguá Bay.

The fleet arrived at Rio de la Plata.

The fleet halted at Cape Corrientes for repairs as the San Antonio was found to be leaking badly.

The fleet passed Cape Corrientes on its journey.

The fleet arrived at San Matías Gulf.

The fleet entered Bahía de los Patos.

On March 21, 1520, Ferdinand Magellan's fleet reached Rio de Janeiro during their journey of circumnavigating the world.

In March 1520, at Puerto San Julian, Argentina, a mutiny attempt led by Spanish captains Juan de Cartagena, Gaspar de Quesada, and Luis de Mendoza was quelled by Magellan, resulting in the execution and punishment of the mutineers.

On March 31, 1520, the crew of the expedition led by Ferdinand Magellan started their overwintering stay at Puerto San Julián.

There was an attempted mutiny on the Victoria, Concepcion, and San Antonio, which was deftly handled by Magellan.

On October 21, 1520, Magellan discovered the Strait of Magellan, a passageway through the southern tip of South America that connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

In November 1520, Magellan's fleet discovered the Strait of Magellan in Chile, providing them with a passage from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean, a crucial milestone in their quest for a western route to the Spice Islands.

On November 28, 1520, the fleet led by Ferdinand Magellan left the strait and ventured into the vast expanse of the Pacific Ocean.

On December 18, 1520, Ferdinand Magellan's fleet departed from the coast of South America near Santiago to begin the challenging voyage across the vast Pacific Ocean.

On January 1, 1521, Ferdinand Magellan passed away during his expedition, marking the end of his ambitious journey to find a western route to the Spice Islands.

In 1521, Ferdinand Magellan's circumnavigation fleet spotted their first land, San Pablo Island, after crossing the Pacific Ocean.

In 1521, Ferdinand Magellan's circumnavigation fleet sailed through Micronesia during their historic journey.

In 1521, Ferdinand Magellan's circumnavigation fleet reached the island of Guam in the Marianas group, marking a significant milestone in their expedition.

No specific event mentioned for March 15, 1521, related to Ferdinand Magellan's expedition.

On March 16, Ferdinand Magellan and his crew sighted Zamal (Samar) in the Philippines. They landed on the uninhabited island of Humunu (Homonhon) where they interacted with fishermen from the nearby island of Zuluan (Suluan), traded supplies, and learned about the local culture and nearby islands.

On March 28, Ferdinand Magellan and his crew anchored off the island of Mazaua (Limasawa) where they met rulers Rajah Kulambo and Rajah Siawi of the Rajahnate of Butuan and Calagan (Surigao) respectively. They spent a few days as guests of the rulers.

On March 31, the first Mass in the Philippines was held in Limasawa. This event marked an important milestone in the introduction of Christianity to the region.

On April 3, Ferdinand Magellan's fleet set off for Cebu, guided by the balangay warships of Rajah Kulambo. This marked the next phase of their journey in the Philippines.

On April 7, Ferdinand Magellan arrived at Zubu (Rajahnate of Cebu) where he started converting natives to Christianity, including the raja Humabon. This event had significant implications for the spread of Christianity in the Philippines.

On April 27, 1521, Ferdinand Magellan met his demise while participating in the Battle of Mactan.

During a banquet held by Humabon, Barbosa and 27 sailors, including De Góis, are massacred. Enrique and Serrão manage to escape, but Serrão is later captured and killed. The fleet escapes to Bohol.

After Magellan's death, the ships sailed to Mindanao and Brunei under the command of Juan Sebastián Elcano.

The ship Victoria, under the command of Juan Sebastián Elcano, arrived in Spain after a long journey from the Spice Islands.

Carvalho is replaced by Espinosa as captain general, and Juan Sebastian Elcano becomes the captain of Victoria.

In November 1521, following Magellan's death, the fleet reached the Moluccas in Indonesia, laden with spices, and attempted to set sail for Spain, facing challenges with their remaining ships.

The fleet finally arrives at Tidore in the Moluccas, where they purchase tons of cloves.

Ferdinand Magellan's fleet, during its circumnavigation journey, arrives at Tidore, one of the Spice Islands.

After Ferdinand Magellan's death in the Philippines, his ships continued their journey without him. This event marked the continuation of the expedition despite the loss of its leader.

On January 25, 1522, the ship Victoria arrived at Timor and began its crossing of the Indian Ocean.

Trinidad, under the command of Espinosa, leaves the Moluccas heading home but is captured by a Portuguese fleet under Antonio de Brito after a storm wrecks the ship.

On May 22, 1522, the ship Victoria successfully passed the Cape of Good Hope and entered the Atlantic Ocean during its circumnavigation journey.

On July 9, 1522, the ship Victoria reached Santiago, Cape Verde, as part of its circumnavigation voyage.

The Spanish Basque navigator Juan Sebastián Elcano completed the first circumnavigation of the world, taking over command after the death of Ferdinand Magellan in 1521. The expedition ended on 6 September 1522.

The journey of Ferdinand Magellan concluded on September 8, 1522.

In 1523, a settlement was signed at Valladolid, Spain between King Carlos I of Spain, Juana I, Ferdinand Magellan, and Rui Faleiro. This agreement marked an important event in the history of exploration and navigation.

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