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2024-02-27 04:09:08

Margaret Thatcher

British Prime Minister and 'Iron Lady'
British Prime Minister and 'Iron Lady'
Margaret Thatcher, the first female UK Prime Minister, served from 1979 to 1990. Known for Thatcherism, she implemented economic reforms and led during the Falklands War. Despite controversies like the poll tax, she is considered one of the greatest British Prime Ministers.
1925-10-13
Birth of Margaret Thatcher
Margaret Thatcher was born on 13 October 1925 in Grantham, Lincolnshire, marking the beginning of the life of one of the most influential British politicians.
1943-10
Margaret Thatcher begins chemistry degree at Somerville College, Oxford
In 1943, Margaret Thatcher started her chemistry degree at Somerville College, Oxford.
1946-10
Margaret Thatcher's Career Advancement
In 1946, Margaret Thatcher's career advanced.
1947-06
Graduation from Oxford with Chemistry Degree
In June 1947, Margaret Thatcher graduated from Oxford University with a degree in Chemistry.
1948
Attending party conference at Llandudno
Margaret Roberts attended the party conference at Llandudno, Wales in 1948 as a representative of the University Graduate Conservative Association.
1949
Meeting Denis Thatcher
Margaret Roberts met Denis Thatcher at a dinner following her formal adoption as Conservative candidate for Dartford in February 1949.
1950
Selected as Conservative candidate for Dartford
Margaret Roberts was selected as the Conservative candidate for Dartford in January 1950 and added to the approved list post ante.
1951-12-13
Marriage to Denis Thatcher
On December 13, 1951, Margaret Thatcher married Denis Thatcher, who was a wealthy oil executive.
1953-08-15
Birth of Carol & Mark Thatcher
Carol and Mark Thatcher were born on August 15, 1953.
1953-12-01
MT qualified as a barrister
Margaret Thatcher qualified as a barrister on December 1, 1953.
1954-06
Qualification as a Lawyer
Margaret Thatcher qualifies as a lawyer in June 1954.
1955-05-26
General Election: Conservative Government formed
In 1955, a Conservative Government was formed after the General Election, with a 58 majority. Margaret Thatcher did not run in this election.
1958-07-31
MT adopted Conservative candidate for Finchley
On July 31, 1958, Margaret Thatcher adopted the Conservative candidate for Finchley.
1959-10-08
First Entry into Parliament
On October 8, 1959, Margaret Thatcher first entered Parliament as the Conservative MP for Finchley.
1961-10-09
Margaret Thatcher Appointed Parliamentary Under Secretary
On October 9, 1961, Margaret Thatcher was appointed as the Parliamentary Under Secretary for Pensions & National Insurance, marking an early stage in her political career.
1963-10-18
Margaret Thatcher moved to shadow Housing and Land
In October 1965, Margaret Thatcher transitioned to the role of shadowing Housing and Land, marking a significant shift in her political responsibilities.
1966-04-19
Margaret Thatcher appointed as deputy to Iain Macleod
Margaret Thatcher was appointed as the deputy to Iain Macleod in the shadow Treasury.
1967-10
Margaret Thatcher appointed to Shadow Cabinet
Margaret Thatcher was appointed to the Shadow Cabinet with responsibility for Fuel and Power.
1968-11-14
MT reshuffled to shadow Transport
Margaret Thatcher was reshuffled to the shadow Transport position on this day.
1970-06-18
Conservative Government formed
The Conservative Government was formed with a majority of 31 after the General Election.
1970-06-19
MT appointed Secretary of State for Education and Science
Margaret Thatcher was appointed as the Secretary of State for Education and Science.
1970-06-20
Becoming Education Secretary
Margaret Thatcher becomes the education secretary on June 20, 1970.
1971-10
Margaret Thatcher attacked as 'milk snatcher'
In October-November 1971, Margaret Thatcher was most bitterly attacked as 'milk snatcher' in the press.
1972-01-12
Meeting between Margaret Thatcher and Edward Heath
Margaret Thatcher met with Edward Heath and her senior officials at Chequers to reinforce her authority.
1974-11-07
Shadow Cabinet Reshuffle
Margaret Thatcher to assist Carr on Treasury questions in the shadow cabinet reshuffle.
1974-11-21
Keith Joseph's Decision
Keith Joseph informed Margaret Thatcher that he would not stand for the leadership, prompting Thatcher to decide that she would stand for the leadership.
1975-02-04
Conservative Leadership Ballot
Margaret Thatcher defeated Heath in the first ballot for Conservative leadership, leading to Heath's resignation.
1975-02-11
Election as Conservative Leader
Margaret Thatcher was elected as the Conservative leader on the second ballot.
1975-02-11
Margaret Thatcher's Victory Over William Whitelaw
After Edward Heath withdrew from the leadership contest, his favored candidate William Whitelaw lost to Margaret Thatcher in the second vote on February 11, 1975. This marked Thatcher's ascent to becoming the leader of the Conservative Party.
1975-09-13
Margaret Thatcher's Visit to USA and Canada
Margaret Thatcher visited the USA and Canada, returning on 26th September.
1976-03-16
Margaret Thatcher Given 24-Hour Police Protection
Margaret Thatcher, the future Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, was given 24-hour police protection for the first time. This decision reflected the escalating security concerns and threats faced by political figures during that time.
1978-09
Winter of Discontent
The Winter of Discontent occurred in 1978-1979, marked by widespread strikes by public sector trade unions in the UK, leading to significant disruptions and public dissatisfaction.
1979
Margaret Thatcher becomes Prime Minister
In 1979, Margaret Thatcher became the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, succeeding Harold Wilson's successor. Her election marked a shift in British politics towards conservatism.
1979-05
Margaret Thatcher Becomes Prime Minister
Margaret Thatcher served as the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from May 1979 to November 1990, totaling 11 years and 208 days.
1979-05-03
General Election: Conservative Government formed
The General Election on May 3rd resulted in the formation of the Conservative Government with a 43 majority.
1979-05-04
Margaret Thatcher Becomes Prime Minister
On May 4, 1979, Margaret Thatcher became the first woman to hold the position of Prime Minister in the United Kingdom.
1979-10-24
Thatcher Receives Honorary Fellowship of the Royal Institute of Chemistry
On October 24, 1979, Margaret Thatcher received an Honorary Fellowship of the Royal Institute of Chemistry, recognising her contributions to the field and her influential role as prime minister.
1979-12-16
Margaret Thatcher's Official Visit to New York City
Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher made an official visit to New York City on December 16, 1979, as part of her diplomatic engagements.
1980
Margaret Thatcher's Pound Crisis
Leonard Baum predicted the rise of the British pound after Margaret Thatcher stopped intervening in its value, leading to a successful trading decision.
1980-05
Iranian Embassy Siege
During the 1980 siege of the Embassy of Iran in London, Thatcher authorized the use of lethal force on the British mainland for the first time in 70 years. The siege ended with a successful raid by SAS commandos, which was later ranked by the public as one of television's greatest moments.
1981
Margaret Thatcher becomes Prime Minister
Margaret Thatcher is elected as the country's first female Prime Minister.
1981-02-25
Margaret Thatcher's Official Visit to New York City
Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher visited New York City from February 25 to 28, 1981, as part of her official duties.
1982-04-02
Argentina Invades the Falkland Islands
Argentina invaded the Falkland Islands, leading to a significant event in Margaret Thatcher's leadership as she sent a military task force to the southern Atlantic. The conflict ended with a resounding victory for Thatcher, solidifying her 'Iron Lady' nickname.
1982-04-08
Margaret Thatcher's Commitment to Energy Conservation
British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher expressed her dedication to energy conservation and recycling in a letter to British politician Michael Morris on April 8. She emphasized the importance of efficient use of resources and waste, particularly in the energy sector.
1982-06-14
Argentina's surrender in the Falklands War
Argentina surrendered on 14 June 1982, and Operation Corporate was hailed a success, notwithstanding the deaths of 255 British servicemen and three Falkland Islanders.
1983-05-28
Economic Summit Meeting in Williamsburg
In May 1983, Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher attended an Economic Summit Meeting in Williamsburg, Virginia, where global economic issues were discussed among world leaders.
1983-06-09
Second Term as Prime Minister Begins
The Conservatives secure a landslide election victory, leading to the start of the second term as Prime Minister.
1983-07-01
Thatcher Receives Fellowship of the Royal Society
On July 1, 1983, Margaret Thatcher received the Fellowship of the Royal Society, a recognition that sparked controversy among some of the then-existing Fellows, underscoring the impact of her leadership on scientific and academic circles.
1983-09-28
Official Working Visit
From September 28 to 30, 1983, Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher had an official working visit, the details of which were not specified.
1983-11-01
Start of US stationing of more than 160 cruise missiles at RAF Greenham Common
The US began stationing more than 160 cruise missiles at RAF Greenham Common in November 1983, triggering mass protests by the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament.
1984
Margaret Thatcher survives assassination attempt
Margaret Thatcher survived a targeted assassination attempt in 1984 while in office.
1984-03-06
Miners' Strike Victory
Margaret Thatcher achieved a political victory against the National Union of Mineworkers in the 1984–85 miners' strike, which solidified her leadership and policies.
1984-03-31
Arrest of the Coventry Four
Thatcher took a personal interest in the case of the Coventry Four, who were arrested in Coventry for contravening the UN arms embargo by exporting military equipment to South Africa. The four were later freed from jail and allowed to travel to South Africa.
1984-06-06
IRA Bombing
On June 6, 1984, the IRA bombed the Grand Hotel in Brighton, during the Conservative Party conference, in an attempt to assassinate Margaret Thatcher.
1984-06-18
Battle of Orgreave
The Battle of Orgreave refers to the violent clashes between striking miners and the police during the 1984 NUM strike. It became a symbol of the intense conflict and division during the strike.
1984-10-12
IRA Bombing at Conservative Party Conference
Margaret Thatcher was the target of an IRA bomb that exploded during the Conservative party conference at the Grand Hotel in Brighton. Although she escaped uninjured, the event resulted in five fatalities, including a Conservative MP.
1984-11-20
Flotation of British Telecom
British Telecom was floated, which was a key privatization measure.
1984-12-16
Gorbachev's Visit to Chequers
Gorbachev visited Chequers, and Margaret Thatcher described him as a man she could do business with.
1984-12-19
Signing of Joint Agreement with China
Margaret Thatcher signed a Joint Agreement with China regarding Hong Kong.
1984-12-22
Private Visit at Camp David
On December 22, 1984, Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher had a private visit at Camp David, the presidential retreat in Maryland, USA.
1985-02-20
Addressed Joint Session of U.S. Congress
On February 20, 1985, Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher delivered a speech at a Joint Session of the U.S. Congress.
1985-10-23
Private Visit to New York City
On October 23, 1985, Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher had a private visit to New York City.
1985-11-15
Hillsborough Anglo-Irish Agreement
On November 15, 1985, Margaret Thatcher signed the Hillsborough Anglo-Irish Agreement with Irish Taoiseach Garret FitzGerald, giving the Republic of Ireland an advisory say in the governance of Northern Ireland. The agreement was met with fury by Northern Irish unionists, leading to significant political repercussions.
1986-01-27
Westland emergency debate
An emergency debate took place regarding the Westland crisis, aiming to find a resolution.
1986-04-15
US air raids on Libya
The US conducted air raids on Libya, with a significant involvement of British bases, leading to criticism of Margaret Thatcher for allowing them.
1986-11-14
Official Working Visit of Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher
On November 14-15, 1986, Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher conducted an official working visit.
1986-11-15
Anglo-US Summit at Camp David
Margaret Thatcher and Ronald Reagan issued a joint arms control statement during the Anglo-US Summit at Camp David.
1987-03-28
Margaret Thatcher's Visit to USSR
Margaret Thatcher visited the USSR, with the visit concluding on April 1st. This visit marked an important diplomatic engagement between the UK and the Soviet Union during the late 1980s.
1987-06-11
Third Term as Prime Minister
Margaret Thatcher begins her third term as Prime Minister.
1987-07-16
Official Visit of Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher
On July 16-17, 1987, Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher undertook an official visit.
1988-01-01
Thatcher's Longest-Serving Prime Minister Record
On New Year's Day 1988, Margaret Thatcher became the longest-serving Prime Minister of the 20th century, having bested H.H. Asquith and Winston Churchill's records.
1988-01-03
Longest Continuously Serving Prime Minister
On January 3, 1988, Margaret Thatcher becomes Britain’s longest continuously serving prime minister of the 20th century.
1988-03-29
Sale of Rover Group to British Aerospace
The Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster and Minister of Trade and Industry, Kenneth Clarke, announced the sale of the Rover Group, previously known as British Leyland, to British Aerospace. The Rover Group had been nationalized in 1975 by the government of Harold Wilson.
1988-05-17
Margaret Thatcher Publicly Supported Lawson
In May 17, 1988, Margaret Thatcher publicly supported Lawson's decision to cut the highest rate of income tax to 40 per cent. This public support had political and economic significance.
1988-11
Private Visit of Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher
In November 1988, Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher had a private visit.
1989-06-26
MT clash with Howe and Lawson on ERM line at Madrid Council
Margaret Thatcher clashed with Geoffrey Howe and Nigel Lawson regarding the ERM line at the Madrid Council. They met again on 25th June.
1990-03-31
Trafalgar Square Riot
A protest at Trafalgar Square, London against the poll tax led to a riot, with more than 100,000 protesters attending and over 400 people being arrested. This event marked the culmination of unrest against the highly unpopular poll tax policy.
1990-07-08
Economic Summit Meeting in Houston
Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher attended an economic summit meeting in Houston, Texas from July 8 to 11, 1990.
1990-08-02
Informal Meeting in Aspen
Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher participated in an informal meeting in Aspen, Colorado on August 2, 1990.
1990-08-06
Discussion on Kuwait Crisis
Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher discussed the Kuwait crisis with President Bush and NATO Secretary General Woerner on August 6, 1990.
1990-09-30
Meeting between Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and President Bush at U.N. General Assembly
In September 30, 1990, Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher had a meeting with President Bush at the U.N. General Assembly.
1990-11-01
Resignation of Sir Geoffrey Howe
Sir Geoffrey Howe resigned from his position as Deputy Prime Minister in protest at Thatcher's open hostility towards European federalism and her government's policy advocating a new European currency. In his resignation speech, he criticized Thatcher's rhetoric and expressed the tragic conflict of loyalties he had wrestled with.
1990-11-13
Resignation of Geoffrey Howe
Geoffrey Howe resigned from his position, leading to significant political changes.
1990-11-14
Howe's Resignation Speech
Geoffrey Howe's resignation speech was bitterly critical of Margaret Thatcher, causing a stir in the political arena.
1990-11-20
Conservative Leadership Election First Ballot
The first ballot of the Conservative leadership election took place, with Margaret Thatcher receiving 204 votes and Heseltine receiving 152 votes.
1990-11-22
Resignation as Prime Minister
Margaret Thatcher resigned as Prime Minister on November 22, 1990, after facing internal leadership challenges within the Conservative Party. Her resignation marked the end of an era in British politics.
1990-11-27
Conservative leadership election second ballot
Margaret Thatcher announced her decision not to contest the second ballot in the Conservative leadership election.
1990-11-28
Thatcher's Resignation
On 28 November 1990, Thatcher left Downing Street in tears after resigning as head of government and party leader. Her resignation was a shock to many outside Britain.
1991
Abolition of the Poll Tax
The Major government announced the abolition of the poll tax in spring 1991, replacing it with Council Tax, a banded property tax similar to the older system of rates. This decision was a significant move following the unpopularity and controversy surrounding the poll tax.
1992
Margaret Thatcher became Baroness Thatcher
In 1992, Margaret Thatcher was granted the title of Baroness Thatcher as a life peer.
1992-01-10
Margaret Thatcher Day in the Falklands
Since 1992, Margaret Thatcher Day has been marked on 10 January in the Falklands, commemorating her first visit to the Islands in January 1983. This annual event honors her visit, which occurred six months after the end of the Falklands War in June 1982.
1992-06-26
Becoming Baroness Thatcher of Kesteven
Margaret Thatcher becomes Baroness Thatcher of Kesteven, a member of the unelected House of Lords with a lifetime title on June 26, 1992.
1993
Publication of The Downing Street Years
Margaret Thatcher wrote and published the first volume of her memoirs, The Downing Street Years, in 1993.
1994
Praises Tony Blair as 'the most formidable Labour leader since Hugh Gaitskell'
In 1994, Margaret Thatcher praised Tony Blair as the most formidable Labour leader since Hugh Gaitskell.
1995
Thatcher's Appointment as Lady Companion of the Order of the Garter
In 1995, Margaret Thatcher was appointed as Lady Companion of the Order of the Garter (LG), the highest order of chivalry. This recognition highlighted her influential role in British politics and society.
1998
Thatcher's Receipt of the Ronald Reagan Freedom Award
In 1998, Margaret Thatcher received the Ronald Reagan Freedom Award from the Reagan Presidential Foundation. This award symbolized her close relationship with the United States and her commitment to freedom and democracy.
1999
Time Deems Thatcher One of the 100 Most Important People of the 20th Century
In 1999, Time magazine recognized Margaret Thatcher as one of the 100 most important people of the 20th century, highlighting her significant contributions to global history and politics.
2000
Margaret Thatcher shows symptoms of progressive dementia
Margaret Thatcher's daughter, Carol, revealed in her 2008 memoir that her mother had been displaying symptoms of progressive dementia since 2000. This revelation shed light on Thatcher's health condition during that period.
2002-03-22
End of Public Speaking
Margaret Thatcher ends public speaking after suffering a series of small strokes on March 22, 2002.
2003-06-26
Death of Sir Denis Thatcher
On 26 June 2003, Margaret Thatcher's husband, Sir Denis, died at the age of 88. His body was cremated on 3 July at Mortlake Crematorium in London.
2004-06-11
Attendance at Ronald Reagan's State Funeral Service
Against doctors' orders, Margaret Thatcher attended the state funeral service for Ronald Reagan on 11 June 2004. She delivered her eulogy via videotape due to her health.
2005-10-13
Celebration of 80th Birthday
Margaret Thatcher celebrated her 80th birthday on 13 October 2005 at the Mandarin Oriental Hotel in Hyde Park, London. The event was attended by notable figures including the Queen, Tony Blair, and Geoffrey Howe.
2006
Thatcher's Patronage of the Heritage Foundation
In 2006, Margaret Thatcher was designated a patron of the Heritage Foundation, where she established the Margaret Thatcher Center for Freedom. This initiative reflected her dedication to promoting conservative principles and policies.
2007-02-21
Unveiling of Statue in Houses of Parliament
Margaret Thatcher became the first living British prime minister to be honoured with a statue in the Houses of Parliament. The bronze statue stood opposite that of her political hero, Winston Churchill, and was unveiled on 21 February 2007 with Thatcher in attendance.
2008-03-07
Admission to St Thomas' Hospital
After collapsing at a House of Lords dinner, Thatcher, suffering low blood pressure, was admitted to St Thomas' Hospital in central London on 7 March 2008 for tests.
2009-11
Unveiling of Official Portrait
Margaret Thatcher returned to 10 Downing Street in late November 2009 for the unveiling of an official portrait by artist Richard Stone, an unusual honour for a living former prime minister.
2010-07-19
Last Attendance at House of Lords
Thatcher last attended a sitting of the House of Lords on 19 July 2010.
2011-07-04
Unveiling of Ronald Reagan Statue
Thatcher was to attend a ceremony for the unveiling of a 10 ft (3.0 m) statue of Ronald Reagan outside the US embassy in London on 4 July 2011, but was unable to attend due to her frail health.
2011-07-30
Closure of Office in the Lords
On 30 July 2011 it was announced that Margaret Thatcher's office in the Lords had been closed.
2013-04-08
Death of Margaret Thatcher
Margaret Thatcher died on 8 April 2013, at the age of 87, after suffering a stroke. She had been staying at a suite in the Ritz Hotel in London since December 2012 after having difficulty with stairs at her Chester Square home in Belgravia.
2013-04-08
Death of Margaret Thatcher
Margaret Thatcher, who served as Prime Minister from 1979 to 1990, passed away on April 8, 2013, at the age of 87.
2013-04-17
Funeral of Margaret Thatcher
Margaret Thatcher received a ceremonial funeral, including full military honours, with a church service at St Paul's Cathedral on 17 April. Queen Elizabeth II and the Duke of Edinburgh attended her funeral.
2013-04-28
Interment of Ashes
In a private ceremony, Thatcher's ashes were interred in the hospital's grounds, next to her husband's.
2015
Thatcher Tops Poll as Most Influential Woman of the Past 200 Years
In 2015, Margaret Thatcher topped a poll by Scottish Widows as the most influential woman of the past 200 years, underscoring her lasting impact on society and gender roles.
2016
Thatcher Voted Second-Greatest British Prime Minister After Second World War
In a 2016 University of Leeds survey of 82 academics specialising in post-1945 British history and politics, Margaret Thatcher was voted the second-greatest British prime minister after the Second World War, reflecting her enduring impact on the country's political history.
2019
Thatcher Rated as Britain's Greatest Post-War Leader
In a 2019 opinion poll by YouGov, most Britons rated Margaret Thatcher as Britain's greatest post-war leader, underscoring her enduring impact on the country's history and politics.
2020
Thatcher Included in Time Magazine's 100 Women of the Year
In 2020, Margaret Thatcher's name was included in Time magazine's list of 100 Women of the Year, recognizing her enduring legacy and influence on global history and politics.
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Margaret Thatcher

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Margaret Thatcher

British Prime Minister and 'Iron Lady'
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