Rutherford B. Hayes

The case of Prigg v. Pennsylvania involved Joseph Story and had an impact on the enforcement of the Fugitive Slave Act.

Rutherford B. Hayes becomes a member of the Young Whig party in 1820.

Rutherford B. Hayes was born on January 4, 1822.

Rutherford B. Hayes was born on October 4, 1822.

In 1825, there were allegations of the faculty of Kenyon College in Ohio being sympathetic to the South, which may have foreshadowed Rutherford B. Hayes's role as a reconciler.

Around 1830, Rutherford B. Hayes's involvement with the Whig party and the emergence of cracks in anti-abolitionism played a crucial role in shaping his political views.

Lucy Webb Hayes, the wife of President Rutherford B. Hayes, was born on August 28, 1831.

In 1836, Rutherford B. Hayes enrolled in Norwalk Academy, a Methodist school run by Jonah Chaplin.

In 1837, Rutherford B. Hayes enrolled in Isaac Webb’s Preparatory School in Middletown, Connecticut.

In early November 1838, Rutherford B. Hayes enrolled at Kenyon College in Gambier, Ohio.

On August 3, 1842, Rutherford B. Hayes graduated as valedictorian of his class.

On August 28, 1843, Rutherford B. Hayes enrolled in the Dane Law School at Harvard as a member of the 'middle class'.

On March 10, 1845, Rutherford B. Hayes was admitted to the Ohio bar in Marietta.

On August 27, 1845, Rutherford B. Hayes was awarded a Bachelor of Laws degree from Harvard University.

The Fugitive Slave Act was passed by the United States Congress on September 18, 1850. It allowed for the capture and return of runaway slaves within the territory of the United States.

On December 30, 1852, Rutherford B. Hayes married Lucy Ware Webb, who was originally from Chillicothe, Ohio.

On November 4, 1853, Birchard Austin Hayes, the first child of Rutherford B. Hayes, was born.

On December 26, 1853, Rutherford B. Hayes established a partnership in Cincinnati with Richard M. Corwine and William K. Rogers, forming a law firm known as Corwin, Hayes and Rogers.

On March 20, 1856, Webb Cook Hayes, the second child of Rutherford B. Hayes, was born.

On June 24, 1858, Rutherford B. Hayes and his wife welcomed their third child, Rutherford Platt Hayes.

On December 9, 1858, Rutherford B. Hayes was appointed as the City Solicitor by the Cincinnati City Council, following the incumbent Samuel Hart's death in office.

In 1859, he was elected as the City Solicitor, leading the Republican ticket.

In 1860, Rutherford B. Hayes's involvement with the Whig party revealed cracks in anti-abolitionism, showcasing the evolving political landscape.

On April 1, 1861, he was defeated in his bid to be re-elected as City Solicitor.

On April 15, 1861, Hayes joined the Union Army in response to a call for volunteers issued by President Abraham Lincoln at the outset of the Civil War. He served through the war's conclusion in 1865, achieving the rank of Brevet Major General of Volunteers.

On June 27, 1861, he was commissioned as a Major in the Twenty-Third Ohio Volunteer Infantry.

Joseph Thompson Hayes, the fourth child, was born on December 21, 1861.

Rutherford B. Hayes was a prominent figure during the Civil War era, and later became the 19th President of the United States. His leadership and policies had a lasting impact on the country's history.

Joseph Thompson Hayes, the son of Rutherford and Lucy Hayes, passed away during a visit to his father's military encampment at Camp White, near Charleston, West Virginia.

Fifth child, George Crook Hayes, was born.

In October 1864, Rutherford B. Hayes was elected to the House of Representatives from Ohio's Second District.

Rutherford B. Hayes was elected as a Congressman in 1865.

On June 8, 1865, Rutherford B. Hayes resigned from the army in order to prepare for taking his seat in Congress.

On December 4, 1865, Rutherford B. Hayes officially took his seat in the House of Representatives.

George Crook Hayes, the son of Rutherford and Lucy Hayes, passed away due to scarlet fever.

Rutherford B. Hayes was nominated for the governor of Ohio on the Union Party ticket on June 19, 1867.

Rutherford B. Hayes resigned from his seat in Congress on July 20, 1867.

Rutherford B. Hayes and his wife welcomed their sixth child, Fanny Hayes, who was their only daughter.

Rutherford B. Hayes was elected as the governor of Ohio after defeating the Democratic candidate, Allen G. Thurman.

Rutherford B. Hayes was elected as Governor in 1868 and served two non-consecutive terms from 1868 to 1872 and 1875 to 1876.

Rutherford B. Hayes was inaugurated as the governor of Ohio in Columbus.

Rutherford B. Hayes was re-elected as governor, defeating Democratic Congressman George H. Pendleton by approximately 7,500 votes.

Rutherford B. Hayes was inaugurated as governor for the second time.

Rutherford B. Hayes' seventh child, Scott Russell Hayes, was born.

On August 6, 1872, Rutherford B. Hayes reluctantly accepted the nomination for Congress from the Republicans of Ohio’s Second District.

On May 3, 1873, Rutherford B. Hayes moved to Fremont and settled at Spiegel Grove, declaring retirement from politics.

Manning Force Hayes, the eighth child of Rutherford B. Hayes, was born on August 1, 1873.

Sardis Birchard, the uncle of Rutherford B. Hayes, passed away on January 21, 1874, leaving most of his estate to Hayes, including Spiegel Grove, his residence in Fremont, Ohio.

Manning Force Hayes, the son of Rutherford and Lucy, passes away at Spiegel Grove.

Rutherford B. Hayes is nominated by Republicans at the state convention in Columbus to run for governor.

Rutherford B. Hayes is elected as the governor by 5,500 votes, and his name is immediately mentioned as a presidential possibility.

On January 10, 1876, {subject} was inaugurated as governor for an unprecedented third time.

Rutherford B. Hayes delivered his acceptance speech as the Republican Party's presidential candidate in 1876, outlining his vision and plans for the country.

On March 29, 1876, {subject} was selected as the favorite son candidate of Ohio delegates to the National Convention in Cincinnati.

On June 14-16, 1876, Rutherford B. Hayes was nominated for President by the Republican National Convention on the seventh ballot.

A committee was established in the House to propose a method for counting the electoral votes, as neither candidate had received the required 185 votes for election.

A committee was formed in the Senate to suggest a method for counting the electoral votes, addressing the issue of conflicting sets of votes from several states.

On January 26, 1877, the Electoral Count Act was passed by Congress, establishing an Electoral Commission.

The Electoral Commission awarded the last of the contested electoral votes to Rutherford B. Hayes, which ultimately led to him winning the presidency by a one-vote margin.

Rutherford B. Hayes and his family began their journey to Washington after he was awarded the contested electoral votes and won the presidency.

The Tilden-Hayes Electoral Dispute was a controversial event in the 1876 U.S. presidential election, where Rutherford B. Hayes was awarded all the contested electoral votes, resulting in his election with 185 electoral votes to Samuel J. Tilden’s 184.

Rutherford B. Hayes, previously a Union soldier, becomes the nineteenth President of the United States after a controversial election against Democrat Samuel Tilden. Despite securing only 48 percent of the popular vote and facing allegations of voter fraud, Hayes is proclaimed President by a Special Electoral Commission.

Rutherford B. Hayes was inaugurated as the 19th President of the United States.

Rutherford B. Hayes was inaugurated as the 19th President of the United States on March 5, 1877.

President Hayes sends his Cabinet nominations to the Senate, facing opposition from Senate leaders.

After receiving public support, all of President Hayes' Cabinet nominees are approved by this date.

Frederick Douglass was appointed as the US Marshal for the District of Columbia on March 15, 1877.

At a cabinet meeting, President Hayes agrees to send a commission to Louisiana to assess the situation in the state. This action is seen as a way for Hayes to support the Democrat Francis T. Nicholls and remove federal aid from the federally appointed governor Stephen B. Packard.

Specific details about the withdrawal from South Carolina are not provided in the input. However, it is known that this event is related to the aftermath of the disputed election of 1876 and the Compromise of 1877.

President Hayes ordered the remaining Federal troops from Southern states, marking the end of reconstruction.

Hayes officially withdraws soldiers from Louisiana, marking the end of Reconstruction. Governor Packard has no choice but to submit, declaring the impact of force, fraud, or policy on the Republican state governments of the South.

The first telephone was installed in the White House on May 10, 1877.

An executive order was issued on May 26, 1877, prohibiting political assessment of customs house employees.

Hayes orders patrolling of the Mexican border, indicating his administration's focus on border security and foreign relations.

On June 17, 1877, the first engagement between the U.S. Army and Nez Perce warriors took place, resulting in a major victory for the Nez Perce.

After John Jay's investigation of the New York Customhouse, President Hayes issues an Executive Order to prevent federal employees from engaging in political activities, aiming to reduce corruption and protect officials from dismissal for political reasons. Despite Congress rejecting further proposals, these events demonstrate Hayes's commitment to civil service reform.

Rutherford B. Hayes embarked on a tour of Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island in June 1877.

The Great Railroad Strike of 1877 started due to pay cuts and became the first major interstate strike. It began on the Baltimore and Ohio (B&O) line at Camden Junction, Maryland, leading to additional strikes and mob activity. President Hayes sent federal troops to protect mail and quell the riots, which angered many workers. The strike also resulted in anti-Chinese attacks in San Francisco during the fall.

In the summer of 1877, a series of railroad worker strikes began in Martinsburg, West Virginia, and spread to other states in the Northeast and Midwest. Over 100,000 workers participated, making it the largest labor disturbance in the nation at that time. President Hayes ordered federal troops to break the strikes, protect federal property, and help reopen railways, marking the first use of federal troops to suppress a strike against a private company.

Federal troops were ordered to restore order during the Railroad strikes in West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. The strike had significant impact on the railroad industry and labor relations.

President Rutherford B. Hayes embarks on a tour of the Southern states, advocating for reconciliation and solidarity through a policy of pacification.

On October 6, 1877, Rutherford B. Hayes was elected as a trustee of the Peabody Education Fund.

On October 16, 1877, John Marshall Harlan of Kentucky was appointed to the Supreme Court.

After firing officials at the NY Customs House, President Hayes nominates 3 replacements.

On December 3, 1877, Rutherford B. Hayes addressed Congress to discuss the current state of the nation and the administration's objectives for the upcoming year.

On December 30, 1877, a Silver Wedding Anniversary celebration took place in the White House.

The Knights of Labor was a prominent labor union in the late 19th century, advocating for workers' rights and better working conditions. It played a significant role in the labor movement and had a substantial impact on the development of labor laws and regulations.

President Hayes signs the US-Samoan Treaty on January 17, 1878.

President Hayes vetoes the Bland-Allison Act, which was supported by farmers and debtors, but Congress overrides his veto. The act mandates the resumption of silver coinage at a monthly rate of $2 to $4 million.

President Hayes vetoed a bill limiting Chinese immigration and then worked to negotiate changes to the Burlingame Treaty with China to impose restrictions on Chinese immigration.

President Hayes signs the Army Appropriations Act, which contains what has become known as the Posse Comitatus Act, prohibiting the use of the U.S. Army to 'execute the laws' unless explicitly authorized in law or by the Constitution.

On July 11, 1878, Rutherford B. Hayes suspended Chester A. Arthur and Alonzo B. Cornell from the New York Customs House.

Chester Arthur and Alonzo B. Corness were suspended from their positions at the New York Customs House as reported in the New York Herald on July 12, 1878.

President Hayes embarked on a tour covering Wisconsin, Minnesota, Illinois, Ohio, and Pennsylvania from September 4 to September 24, 1878.

President Hayes delivered his second annual State of the Union message on December 2, 1878.

President Hayes allows the resumption of gold payments for Civil War greenbacks, leading to the recovery of the economy as the government's gold supply grows and the issuance of silver coins increases. By the spring of 1879, the government has retired all Civil War bonds.

On February 3, 1879, the Senate confirmed President Hayes's nominees for the New York Customs House.

On March 1, 1879, President Rutherford B. Hayes issued a veto message regarding immigration legislation. This action reflected his stance on immigration policies and his use of presidential veto power.

President Rutherford B. Hayes vetoed the 'An act to restrict the immigration of Chinese to the United States,' arguing that modifying the 1869 Burlingame Treaty was not within the competence of Congress. He also expressed concerns about the potential risks to American citizens in China due to the restrictions in the legislation.

Congress passes the Army Appropriations Bill, which includes a “rider” forbidding the use of federal troops at polls, seen as an attempt to nullify black voting rights. Hayes vetoes the bill, but the House sustains the veto. Many Republicans feel the veto secures the election of 1880.

President Rutherford B. Hayes vetoed the Army Appropriations Bill due to his objection to the language prohibiting the use of troops at election sites. He argued that soldiers had never interfered with any election and that existing laws were sufficient to prevent such interference. Hayes also emphasized the necessity of national legislation to provide safeguards for free and honest elections, particularly to secure the right to vote for the enfranchised race in the South and to prevent fraudulent voting in the large cities of the North.

President Hayes vetoed the 'Act to Prohibit Military Interference at Elections' and provided a detailed account of prior laws related to the use of the military by the National Government. He emphasized that the legislation would make it illegal to use the Army or Navy to support the authority of the United States Government. The veto was sustained.

President Hayes uses his veto power to reject a version of the appropriations bill for the third time. The bill excludes certain judicial expenses and forbids the army from policing the polls. Hayes eventually agrees to the language of a later bill.

President Rutherford B. Hayes vetoed the bill due to its sections being similar to a previously vetoed bill. He highlighted the appropriation strategy used to force him to choose between essential functions and objectionable legislation. This veto is considered an early example of the use of appropriations 'riders' and was sustained despite causing a delay in government funding.

President Hayes vetoed the 'An act making appropriations for certain judicial expenditures' again, reiterating the concerns mentioned in his previous veto message. The veto was sustained.

Rutherford B. Hayes embarked on a tour of several states including Ohio, Illinois, Kansas, and Missouri during this time period.

Rutherford B. Hayes signed an act allowing women to practice before the Supreme Court on this date.

Rutherford B. Hayes delivered his third annual State of the Union message to Congress on this date.

Rutherford B. Hayes transmitted a draft bill to Congress for the reclamation of the marshes in the District of Columbia on this date.

President Hayes vetoes an appropriations bill designated by Democrats, as it excludes the implementation of election law funds.

The Republican National Convention nominates James A. Garfield as their candidate for the upcoming presidential election.

The Republican National Convention in Chicago in 1880 witnessed a split in the party into two factions, the "Half-breeds" led by James G. Blaine and the "Stalwarts" led by Roscoe Conkling. The convention resulted in the unexpected nomination of James A. Garfield for president after 36 ballots, with Chester A. Arthur nominated for vice president to maintain party unity.

President Hayes vetoed the 'An act making appropriations to supply certain deficiencies in the appropriations for the service of the Government for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1880' citing that attempting to modify or repeal laws in an appropriation bill would deprive the Executive of equal and independent exercise of discretion and judgment as contemplated by the Constitution. The veto went unchallenged.

James A. Garfield wins the presidential election with a narrow popular vote but a comfortable electoral vote majority of 214-155.

In November 17, 1880, a treaty was negotiated between the United States and China, granting the United States the authority to oversee and restrict Chinese immigration, but not to completely prohibit it.

On December 6, 1880, Rutherford B. Hayes spoke to Congress about the current state of the nation and the administration's objectives for the following year.

On December 15, 1880, William Burnham Woods from Georgia was appointed to the Supreme Court of the United States.

On January 26, 1881, Stanley Matthews from Ohio was appointed to the Supreme Court of the United States.

Rutherford B. Hayes' presidency concluded on March 4, 1881.

On May 3, 1882, the individual joined the Grand Army of the Republic and Ohio and National Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, showing commitment to military and patriotic organizations.

On May 18, 1882, the individual was chosen as the first president of the John F. Slater Fund, signifying a significant leadership role in an important educational fund.

In September 1883, the individual was selected as the president of the National Prison Association, indicating involvement in prison reform and criminal justice issues.

In December 1883, he was appointed as a trustee of Mount Union College.

In 1884, he was appointed as a trustee of Ohio Wesleyan University.

In January 1887, he was appointed as a trustee of The Ohio State University.

On October 17, 1888, he was chosen as the commander of the National Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion, a position he held until his death.

On June 25, 1889, Rutherford B. Hayes experienced the loss of his wife, Lucy Webb Hayes, in Fremont.

In April-May 1890, Rutherford B. Hayes visited Bermuda with his daughter Fanny.

On October 20, 1892, Rutherford B. Hayes was named president of the Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society.

On January 17, 1893, Rutherford B. Hayes passed away at his home in Fremont.

The canal running through Panama, which President Hayes advocated for, is completed in 1914, providing a crucial waterway for international trade and maritime transportation.

Joe Faykosh and George Hossler completed internships in 2006.

Brittany Harnish and Meredith Scheiber served as interns in 2007.

Sarah Bender served as an intern at the Rutherford B. Hayes Presidential Library & Museums in 2013. Her responsibilities encompassed supporting the archival and exhibition activities of the institution.

Steve Bare participated in an internship program at the Rutherford B. Hayes Presidential Library & Museums in 2015. His role included contributing to the organization and maintenance of historical collections.

Sarah Rumple undertook an internship in 2016 at the Rutherford B. Hayes Presidential Library & Museums. Her work involved assisting in the management and curation of historical materials.

Lexi Davis served as an intern in the year 2018 at the Rutherford B. Hayes Presidential Library & Museums. She contributed to the preservation and promotion of historical artifacts and documents.

The administration of Rutherford B. Hayes, the 19th President of the United States, is known for its focus on civil service reform and efforts to reconcile post-Civil War divisions.

The Hayes Member Video Series, scheduled for 2022, provides members with insightful and engaging videos related to Rutherford B. Hayes and his legacy.

The Rutherford B. Hayes Presidential Library & Museums is a historical center dedicated to the life and presidency of Rutherford B. Hayes, the 19th President of the United States. It serves as a valuable resource for preserving and sharing the history of this influential figure.