Rutherford B. Hayes

Rutherford B. Hayes was born on January 4, 1822.

Rutherford B. Hayes was born on October 4, 1822.

Lucy Webb Hayes, the wife of President Rutherford B. Hayes, was born on August 28, 1831.

The Fugitive Slave Act was passed by the United States Congress on September 18, 1850. It allowed for the capture and return of runaway slaves within the territory of the United States.

On December 30, 1852, Rutherford B. Hayes married Lucy Ware Webb, who was originally from Chillicothe, Ohio.

On June 24, 1858, Rutherford B. Hayes and his wife welcomed their third child, Rutherford Platt Hayes.

On December 9, 1858, Rutherford B. Hayes was appointed as the City Solicitor by the Cincinnati City Council, following the incumbent Samuel Hart's death in office.

On April 15, 1861, Hayes joined the Union Army in response to a call for volunteers issued by President Abraham Lincoln at the outset of the Civil War. He served through the war's conclusion in 1865, achieving the rank of Brevet Major General of Volunteers.

Rutherford B. Hayes was a prominent figure during the Civil War era, and later became the 19th President of the United States. His leadership and policies had a lasting impact on the country's history.

On December 4, 1865, Rutherford B. Hayes officially took his seat in the House of Representatives.

Rutherford B. Hayes was elected as Governor in 1868 and served two non-consecutive terms from 1868 to 1872 and 1875 to 1876.

Rutherford B. Hayes delivered his acceptance speech as the Republican Party's presidential candidate in 1876, outlining his vision and plans for the country.

On June 14-16, 1876, Rutherford B. Hayes was nominated for President by the Republican National Convention on the seventh ballot.

A committee was established in the House to propose a method for counting the electoral votes, as neither candidate had received the required 185 votes for election.

The Electoral Commission awarded the last of the contested electoral votes to Rutherford B. Hayes, which ultimately led to him winning the presidency by a one-vote margin.

Rutherford B. Hayes and his family began their journey to Washington after he was awarded the contested electoral votes and won the presidency.

The Tilden-Hayes Electoral Dispute was a controversial event in the 1876 U.S. presidential election, where Rutherford B. Hayes was awarded all the contested electoral votes, resulting in his election with 185 electoral votes to Samuel J. Tilden’s 184.

Rutherford B. Hayes, previously a Union soldier, becomes the nineteenth President of the United States after a controversial election against Democrat Samuel Tilden. Despite securing only 48 percent of the popular vote and facing allegations of voter fraud, Hayes is proclaimed President by a Special Electoral Commission.

Rutherford B. Hayes was inaugurated as the 19th President of the United States.

Rutherford B. Hayes was inaugurated as the 19th President of the United States on March 5, 1877.

At a cabinet meeting, President Hayes agrees to send a commission to Louisiana to assess the situation in the state. This action is seen as a way for Hayes to support the Democrat Francis T. Nicholls and remove federal aid from the federally appointed governor Stephen B. Packard.

Hayes officially withdraws soldiers from Louisiana, marking the end of Reconstruction. Governor Packard has no choice but to submit, declaring the impact of force, fraud, or policy on the Republican state governments of the South.

After John Jay's investigation of the New York Customhouse, President Hayes issues an Executive Order to prevent federal employees from engaging in political activities, aiming to reduce corruption and protect officials from dismissal for political reasons. Despite Congress rejecting further proposals, these events demonstrate Hayes's commitment to civil service reform.

The Great Railroad Strike of 1877 started due to pay cuts and became the first major interstate strike. It began on the Baltimore and Ohio (B&O) line at Camden Junction, Maryland, leading to additional strikes and mob activity. President Hayes sent federal troops to protect mail and quell the riots, which angered many workers. The strike also resulted in anti-Chinese attacks in San Francisco during the fall.

In the summer of 1877, a series of railroad worker strikes began in Martinsburg, West Virginia, and spread to other states in the Northeast and Midwest. Over 100,000 workers participated, making it the largest labor disturbance in the nation at that time. President Hayes ordered federal troops to break the strikes, protect federal property, and help reopen railways, marking the first use of federal troops to suppress a strike against a private company.

Federal troops were ordered to restore order during the Railroad strikes in West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. The strike had significant impact on the railroad industry and labor relations.

President Rutherford B. Hayes embarks on a tour of the Southern states, advocating for reconciliation and solidarity through a policy of pacification.

The Knights of Labor was a prominent labor union in the late 19th century, advocating for workers' rights and better working conditions. It played a significant role in the labor movement and had a substantial impact on the development of labor laws and regulations.

President Hayes vetoes the Bland-Allison Act, which was supported by farmers and debtors, but Congress overrides his veto. The act mandates the resumption of silver coinage at a monthly rate of $2 to $4 million.

President Hayes vetoed a bill limiting Chinese immigration and then worked to negotiate changes to the Burlingame Treaty with China to impose restrictions on Chinese immigration.

President Hayes allows the resumption of gold payments for Civil War greenbacks, leading to the recovery of the economy as the government's gold supply grows and the issuance of silver coins increases. By the spring of 1879, the government has retired all Civil War bonds.

President Rutherford B. Hayes vetoed the 'An act to restrict the immigration of Chinese to the United States,' arguing that modifying the 1869 Burlingame Treaty was not within the competence of Congress. He also expressed concerns about the potential risks to American citizens in China due to the restrictions in the legislation.

Congress passes the Army Appropriations Bill, which includes a “rider” forbidding the use of federal troops at polls, seen as an attempt to nullify black voting rights. Hayes vetoes the bill, but the House sustains the veto. Many Republicans feel the veto secures the election of 1880.

President Rutherford B. Hayes vetoed the Army Appropriations Bill due to his objection to the language prohibiting the use of troops at election sites. He argued that soldiers had never interfered with any election and that existing laws were sufficient to prevent such interference. Hayes also emphasized the necessity of national legislation to provide safeguards for free and honest elections, particularly to secure the right to vote for the enfranchised race in the South and to prevent fraudulent voting in the large cities of the North.

President Hayes vetoed the 'Act to Prohibit Military Interference at Elections' and provided a detailed account of prior laws related to the use of the military by the National Government. He emphasized that the legislation would make it illegal to use the Army or Navy to support the authority of the United States Government. The veto was sustained.

President Hayes uses his veto power to reject a version of the appropriations bill for the third time. The bill excludes certain judicial expenses and forbids the army from policing the polls. Hayes eventually agrees to the language of a later bill.

President Rutherford B. Hayes vetoed the bill due to its sections being similar to a previously vetoed bill. He highlighted the appropriation strategy used to force him to choose between essential functions and objectionable legislation. This veto is considered an early example of the use of appropriations 'riders' and was sustained despite causing a delay in government funding.

The Republican National Convention in Chicago in 1880 witnessed a split in the party into two factions, the "Half-breeds" led by James G. Blaine and the "Stalwarts" led by Roscoe Conkling. The convention resulted in the unexpected nomination of James A. Garfield for president after 36 ballots, with Chester A. Arthur nominated for vice president to maintain party unity.

President Hayes vetoed the 'An act making appropriations to supply certain deficiencies in the appropriations for the service of the Government for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1880' citing that attempting to modify or repeal laws in an appropriation bill would deprive the Executive of equal and independent exercise of discretion and judgment as contemplated by the Constitution. The veto went unchallenged.

On January 17, 1893, Rutherford B. Hayes passed away at his home in Fremont.

The Rutherford B. Hayes Presidential Library & Museums is a historical center dedicated to the life and presidency of Rutherford B. Hayes, the 19th President of the United States. It serves as a valuable resource for preserving and sharing the history of this influential figure.