Bauhaus

German architectural modernism, known as Neues Bauen, began in June 1907 with Peter Behrens' pioneering industrial design work for the German electrical company AEG, successfully integrating art and mass production on a large scale.

In 1915, Walter Gropius, along with Hermann Obrist and August Endell, was recommended by Henry van de Velde to take over as the director of the Arts and Crafts School of Weimar, which was established in 1909.

In 1919, Walter Gropius founded Bauhaus, a design school in Germany. Bauhaus aimed to align design and production, focusing on utility and the equal consideration of aesthetics and function.

The Bauhaus movement aimed to unite arts, crafts, and industry to create functional and efficient designs. It emphasized the collaboration between artists and craftsmen, focusing on the productivity of design as a whole.

On June 1, 1919, the first meeting of the Council of Masters took place at the Bauhaus, with artists like Feininger, Itten, Marcks, and others in attendance.

On July 30, 1920, Paul Klee started teaching at Bauhaus Weimar. Known for his abstract art, Klee's innovative art style greatly influenced the school.

In 1921, artist Paul Klee starts teaching at the Bauhaus in Weimar, contributing to the innovative and influential art school known for its avant-garde approach.

Russian painter Wassily Kandinsky joined the faculty of the Bauhaus in 1922. His addition to the faculty marked a significant influence on the aesthetic direction of the school.

From August 15 to 19, 1923, the Bauhausweek took place in Weimar, featuring concerts, lectures, theatrical performances, and an exhibition showcasing works of masters and students, as well as international architecture.

On December 26, 1923, the Bauhaus school dissolved itself, marking the end of an era in modern art and design education.

In 1924, the nationalists gained main control of the Bauhaus, leading to significant changes within the institution.

On March 24, 1925, the municipal council of Dessau, under the leadership of Mayor Fritz Hesse, decided to take over the Bauhaus entirely, against the opposition from rightist parties.

On March 31, 1925, Bauhaus Weimar closed its doors. This marked the end of an era for the influential art school.

The Bauhaus school moved to Dessau on September 1, 1925.

The Bauhaus building in Dessau was finished on March 21, 1926.

On December 1, 1926, the Dessau Bauhaus school celebrated its 'topping-off' ceremony, signifying the completion of the new building designed by Bauhaus founder Gropius. The event marked a significant milestone in the construction process.

On April 1, 1928, Hannes Meyer assumed the position of director at the Bauhaus school, succeeding Walter Gropius. Meyer's tenure marked a significant period in the school's history, characterized by his focus on functionalism and social relevance in design.

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe became the director of the Bauhaus in 1930, following Hannes Meyer. His leadership marked a transformation of the school into a private institution.

In 1931, Mies van der Rohe moved the Bauhaus school to Berlin after the right-wing, fascist Nazi Party gained control of Dessau and intended to close the Bauhaus. The school operated as a smaller, private institution out of an old telephone factory in Berlin.

Hannes Meyer was appointed as the director of the school in Dessau, succeeding Gropius. He aimed to reduce the impact of artists and introduced new subjects like science, humanities, and technology.

The motion to shut down the Dessau school of Bauhaus was rejected on this date, leading to increased pressure and public opposition towards Bauhaus.

In 1933, the Bauhaus school closed down, leading to the dispersal of its lecturers, including notable figures like Josef Albers.

The Bauhaus school was closed in 1933 under pressure from the Nazi regime, being portrayed as a center of communist intellectualism. This marked the end of its operation.

In 1937, Moholy-Nagy founded the New Bauhaus in Chicago, continuing the legacy of the influential art school and spreading its teachings in the United States.

In 1938, Walter Gropius and his wife fled Europe and moved to Massachusetts where he started teaching at Harvard's Graduate School of Design. Gropius designed his own house in complete Bauhaus style, which was a new concept for many in the United States during the 1930s.

Mies van der Rohe, a prominent figure of the Bauhaus movement, designed the campus and taught at the Illinois Institute of Technology in 1940, leaving a lasting impact on architectural education in the United States.

In 1945, Chicago businessman Walter Paepcke contacted Bauhaus artist and architect Herbert Bayer to create a place where creative minds could gather in Aspen. Bayer designed an architectural response to the surrounding landscape.

The Alan I.W. Frank House in Washington D.C. was designed by Walter Gropius and Marcel Breuer. This architectural project showcased their innovative designs and Bauhaus influence.

In 1953, Max Bill, Inge Aicher-Scholl, and Otl Aicher founded the Ulm School of Design in Germany, following the Bauhaus tradition. The school's emphasis on semiotics in design education and the 'Ulm Model' concept had a lasting impact on international design education.

In 1967, filmmaker Jacques Tati's movie 'Playtime' humorously depicted the influence of Bauhaus design in modern culture. The film satirically showcased the minimalist sleek design associated with the Bauhaus movement.

An exhibition catalog titled '50 Jahre Bauhaus' was published in Stuttgart in 1968, celebrating the 50th anniversary of the Bauhaus movement.

The Bauhaus-Dessau Foundation was established in 1974 as a public institution to support postgraduate programs and preserve the legacy of the Bauhaus design school.

In 1979, Bauhaus-Dessau College initiated postgraduate programs with global participation, supported by the Bauhaus-Dessau Foundation. This aimed to continue the Bauhaus educational legacy.

In 2003, Eric Cimino published a Master's thesis titled 'Student Life at the Bauhaus, 1919–1933' providing insights into the daily lives of students at the Bauhaus school.

In 2007, Kirsten Baumann published a book titled 'Bauhaus Dessau: Architecture Design Concept' focusing on the architectural concepts of Bauhaus in Dessau.

In 2008, Catherine Weill-Rochant released a book titled 'Bauhaus: Architektur in Tel Aviv' in French and German, focusing on Bauhaus architecture in Tel Aviv.

In 2009, Boris Friedewald published a book titled 'Bauhaus' which explores the history and impact of the Bauhaus movement in Munich, London, and New York.

In 2010, Peder Anker released a book titled 'From Bauhaus to Ecohouse: A History of Ecological Design' which traces the evolution of ecological design from the Bauhaus movement.

In 2019, various events, festivals, and exhibitions were organized worldwide to commemorate the centenary of the founding of Bauhaus. The international opening festival in Berlin showcased contemporary artists' works inspired by Bauhaus aesthetics, while The Centenary Exhibition at the Berlinische Galerie displayed 1,000 original artefacts from Bauhaus-Archiv's collection.

In September 2020, President of the European Commission Ursula Von der Leyen unveiled the New European Bauhaus (NEB) initiative during her State of the Union address. The NEB aims to connect the European Green Deal with everyday life by fostering creativity, sustainability, and inclusivity through interdisciplinary collaborations.

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