Soviet Union

The October Revolution of 1917 marked the seizure of power by the Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, overthrowing the Provisional Government and establishing the Soviet government in Russia.

The Russian Civil War between the Reds and the Whites ended in 1921 with the victory of the Bolsheviks, leading to the establishment of the Soviet Union and the beginning of Lenin's authoritarian rule.

In 1922, the Soviet Union was officially established, consolidating power among various socialist republics.

The Soviet Union is established in December, following the Russian Revolution, leading to the creation of a socialist state that would have a significant impact on global politics.

On December 30, 1922, the Russian and Transcaucasian Soviet Federated Socialist Republics, along with the Ukrainian and Belorussian Soviet Socialist Republics, established the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R). Additional union republics were added in subsequent years, eventually totaling 15 union republics.

In 1924, Vladimir Lenin, the leader of the Soviet Union, passed away, leading to Joseph Stalin becoming the General Secretary of the Russian Communist Party and eventually assuming leadership of the Soviet Union, ushering in the era of Stalinism.

After the death of Lenin in January 1924, Joseph Stalin rose to power in the Soviet Union, marking the beginning of his authoritarian rule and significant political changes in the country.

In 1929, Stalin initiated full collectivization in the Soviet Union and targeted 'kulaks' (wealthy farmers), leading to the deportation of 15 million peasants to Arctic regions and the death of 6.5 million individuals.

In 1930, over 20,000 people were sentenced to death in the Soviet Union, highlighting the brutal and authoritarian tactics employed by Stalin's government to maintain control.

In 1930, the Soviet Union implemented a policy of collectivization of agriculture, forcing small farms to merge into large collective farms. This policy had significant social, economic, and political impacts on the country.

In 1932, a devastating famine struck Kazakhstan, resulting in the death of one million people due to the forced collectivization policies implemented by the Soviet regime.

In 1933, five million people in Ukraine died due to famine caused by forced collectivization.

In 1934, Stalin's main advisor, Sergei Kirov, was assassinated, leading Stalin to initiate the 'Great Purge' within the Communist Party. This event resulted in thousands of communists being deported to 'gulags', with 2.5 million Soviet citizens arrested and 700,000 executed over the following three years.

In December 1935, the Gulag system in the Soviet Union has 800,000 prisoners in camps and 300,000 in work colonies.

In May 1937, Joseph Stalin initiates the purge of the Red Army resulting in the elimination of a significant number of high-ranking military officers including marshals, army generals, and admirals.

After World War II, the Soviet Union annexed territories from Eastern European countries, the Tuvan People's Republic, South Sakhalin, the Kuril Islands from Japan, and created the Lithuanian SSR, Latvian SSR, and Estonian SSR.

In 1945, at the end of World War II, the Soviet Union captured Berlin, leading Stalin to start building satellite states in Eastern Europe.

Joseph Stalin, the leader of the Soviet Union, passes away, leading to a power shift within the Soviet Communist Party.

On March 20, 1953, Nikita Khrushchev assumes the role of the first secretary of the Communist Party in the USSR, marking a significant shift in Soviet leadership.

On June 26, 1953, Nikita Khrushchev orders the arrest of Lavrentii Beria, the head of the Soviet secret police and the Soviet bomb project, in a move that reshapes the power dynamics within the USSR.

On August 8, 1953, Soviet Premier Georgii Malenkov declares that the USSR has successfully developed and possesses a hydrogen bomb, escalating the arms race and tensions between the superpowers.

Joseph Stalin, the leader of the Soviet Union, passed away on March 5, 1953, after ruling the country for over two decades. His death marked the end of an era and led to a power struggle within the Soviet leadership.

In response to NATO, the Soviet Union consolidated power among Eastern bloc countries under the Warsaw Pact in 1955, intensifying the Cold War rivalry.

On February 14, 1956, Nikita Khrushchev publicly criticizes Stalin and his cult of personality in the USSR, marking a significant shift in Soviet leadership and ideology.

The USSR launched Sputnik 1 in 1957, the first artificial satellite, initiating the Space Race and sparking fears of technological inferiority in the United States.

In 1961, the Soviet Union achieved a major milestone by launching the world's first manned space flight, showcasing their advancements in space exploration.

During the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962, Nikita Khrushchev made the decision to withdraw Soviet missiles from Cuba, easing tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union.

Nikita Khrushchev was removed from his positions as First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and Chairman of the Council of Ministers due to failed reforms and disregard for Party and Government institutions.

In 1968, the Warsaw Pact, led by the Soviet Union, invaded Czechoslovakia to suppress the Prague Spring movement, leading to a fracture in the communist movement.

The year 1972 marked a significant event in the Cold War era as President Richard Nixon visited the Soviet Union and signed arms control treaties with Chairman Leonid Brezhnev, a period known as Détente.

In December 1979, the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan to support the communist government against anti-communist rebels. The invasion led to a decade-long conflict and had significant geopolitical implications.

Leonid Brezhnev, the leader of the Soviet Union, passed away on November 10, 1982, marking the end of an era in Soviet politics.

General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev introduced policies of glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring) in 1985 to address the economic challenges faced by the Soviet Union. These reforms aimed to bring transparency and restructuring to the Soviet system.

Soviet Army soldiers waved their hands as they crossed a bridge on the border between Afghanistan and Soviet Uzbekistan near Termez, marking the end of a 10-year war in February 1989.

The year 1991 witnessed the dissolution of the Soviet Union, marking the end of a superpower and the beginning of a new era in global politics.

The Soviet Union, a major superpower, officially dissolved in 1991, leading to the end of the Cold War and significant geopolitical changes in the world.

On December 8, 1991, the leaders of Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus declared the Soviet Union dead and announced the formation of the Commonwealth of Independent States.

The Soviet Union officially ceased to exist on December 25, 1991, following Mikhail Gorbachev's resignation as President. This event marked the end of the Soviet era and the beginning of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS).

The Soviet Union officially collapsed on December 26, 1991, following the resignation of Mikhail Gorbachev and the rise of Boris Yeltsin. This event marked the end of the Cold War era and the beginning of a new chapter in world history.

The dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 marked the end of the Cold War and the disintegration of the communist regime in Eastern Europe.

On January 16, 1992, the Soviet Union collapsed, leading to the dissolution of the union and the end of an era.