Louis XVI, the last king of France, reigned from 1774 until the monarchy's abolition in 1792. His reign was marked by attempts at reform, support for American colonists, and growing opposition from the French populace. Louis XVI was eventually arrested, tried for treason, and executed in 1793, ending over a thousand years of continuous French monarchy.
Louis XVI, the last King of France before the French Revolution, was born on August 23, 1754.
Louis-Stanislas, comte de Provence was born in 1755 as the future Louis XVIII of France, as part of the dauphin's family.
Charles-Philippe, comte d'Artois was born in 1757 as the future Charles X of France, adding to the dauphin's family.
Marie-Clotilde was born in 1759, becoming part of the dauphin's expanding family.
Elizabeth-Philippa was born in 1764, the youngest addition to the dauphin's family.
On this date, Louis-Auguste de France assumed the title of Dauphin, which was the traditional title given to the heir apparent to the French throne.
Louis XVI's mother, Marie-Josèphe of Saxony, passed away in 1767 also due to tuberculosis. Her death further impacted Louis-Auguste's life, leaving him with significant losses at a young age.
In 1768, Louis XV worked to strengthen the new Franco-Austrian alliance by arranging the marriage of his heir, Louis-Auguste, to the Austrian archduchess Maria Antonia. This alliance was significant in the political landscape of Europe during that time.
Louis-Auguste, at the age of fifteen, married Marie Antoinette, his second cousin once removed. The marriage faced hostility from the French public due to the country's alliance with Austria and the young couple's initial distance.
Reportedly, the marriage between Louis-Auguste and Marie Antoinette was consummated in July 1773, after initial difficulties.
Louis XVI becomes the King of France at the age of 19.
On November 23, 1774, Louis XVI ascended to the throne at a young age, not yet 20 years old.
In June 1775, Louis XVI's official coronation at Reims was marred by the Flour War, a series of bread riots that foreshadowed the unrest and challenges he would face during his reign. This event highlighted the growing discontent among the French populace.
Louis XVI actively supported the North American colonists in their quest for independence from Great Britain. This support culminated in the 1783 Treaty of Paris.
Joseph II, the Holy Roman Emperor, visits France in an attempt to resolve the marital issues between his sister, Queen Marie Antoinette, and King Louis XVI.
Queen Marie Antoinette of France gives birth to her first child, daughter Marie-Thérèse, eight years after her marriage to King Louis XVI.
Marie Antoinette suffered her first miscarriage in 1779, a few months after the birth of her first child. Louis XVI spent time consoling her, keeping the incident private.
In 1780, the Virginia General Assembly named the city of Louisville, Kentucky, after Louis XVI in honor of the French king who supported the American side in the Revolutionary War.
Louis-Joseph, a dauphin, was born in 1781, adding to the joy of the royal family.
In 1782, Louis XVI formed an alliance with Peshwa Madhav Rao Narayan in hopes of expelling the British from India during the American Revolutionary War.
In 1783, King Louis XVI hosted the first aeronautical experiments at Versailles. Étienne de Montgolfier floated a balloon filled with hot smoky air, carrying a sheep, a rooster, and a duck over the palace.
On the night of 2–3 November 1783, Marie Antoinette experienced her second miscarriage, adding to the couple's personal struggles.
On 21 November 1783, Pilâtre de Rozier took off from Versailles and succeeded in remaining airborne for 25 minutes.
Louis-Charles, another son of the couple, was born in 1785, further strengthening the bond within the family.
In 1786, Louis XVI stood by Marie Antoinette during the scandal of the diamond necklace, showcasing his loyalty to his wife despite public scrutiny.
Louis XVI signed the Edict of Versailles, granting civil and legal status to non-Roman Catholics in France, effectively ending religious persecution within his realm.
Louis XVI called for a meeting of the Estates-General, marking the first time it had been convened since the reign of Louis XIII.
Louis XVI made an unsuccessful attempt to escape with his parents in secret towards Paris.
Louis XVI was incarcerated after being captured, marking a significant turning point in the French Revolution.
Louis XVI was executed by guillotine on January 21, 1793, during the French Revolution.
On September 5, 1793, a letter was written to Citizen Barrere discussing the reasons for preserving the life of Louis Capet.
A book titled 'The Lost King of France: How DNA Solved the Mystery of the Murdered...' written by Deborah Cadbury and published in 2003.
A book titled 'Histoire de France: Tome seizième : Louis XV et Louis XVI' written by Jules Michelet and published in 2017.