Haute Couture originated in the 19th century. Notable designers include Charles Frederick Worth, Christian Dior, Cristobal Balenciaga, and Yves Saint Laurent.
Average hours required to create a simple couture dress or suit
On average, it takes 150 hours to create a basic couture dress or suit, showcasing the meticulous craftsmanship and attention to detail involved in haute couture.
1638-09-05
France Supports Textile Industry Since Louis XIV Reign
Since the reign of Louis XIV in France, the country has supported its textile industry with great importance. Jean-Baptiste Colbert, the monarch's minister for finance, recognized the economic impact of fabrics on France and prioritized the textile sector.
1825
Birth of Charles Frederick Worth
Charles Frederick Worth, born in 1825, was an Englishman who moved to Paris in 1845 and played a significant role in the development of haute couture.
1845
Charles Frederick Worth moves to Paris
In 1845, Charles Frederick Worth moved from London to Paris, where he later became a prominent figure in the world of haute couture.
1851
Charles Frederick Worth at Great Exhibition
In 1851, Charles Frederick Worth gained acclaim for his displays at the Great Exhibition in London. This event marked his early success in the fashion industry before establishing The House of Worth in Paris.
1858
Establishment of the First Haute Couture House by Charles Frederick Worth
In 1858, English couturier Charles Frederick Worth founded the first haute couture house in Paris, pioneering exclusive luxury fashion for the upper-class women. He also coined the term 'fashion designer' to elevate the status of designers.
1868
Foundation of Le Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture
Le Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture was established in 1868 to safeguard high-fashion standards. Designers had to meet specific criteria to be recognized as a couture house, a system further detailed in 1945.
1891
Jeanne Paquin becomes a leading female couturier
Jeanne Paquin becomes one of the first female couturiers in 1891, dressing actresses and showcasing her collections internationally, paving the way for future designers.
1903
Paul Poiret opens his own salon
Paul Poiret opens his own salon in 1903, introducing a 'total lifestyle' brand and incorporating fluid lines of kimonos and kaftans into Western dress.
1908
First Use of the Phrase 'Haute Couture'
The term 'haute couture' was first employed in 1908 to describe the high-end, custom-made fashion created by designers for private clients. It marked a significant milestone in the fashion industry.
In 1910, Gabrielle 'Coco' Chanel opens a millinery studio in Paris and starts offering chic, comfortable, masculine-inspired clothing that revolutionizes women's fashion.
1912
Opening of Vionnet boutique
In 1912, Madeleine Vionnet opened her own boutique called Vionnet, where she became known as the architect of fashion with her bias cut clothes dominating haute couture in the 1930s.
1919
Opening of Cristobal Balenciaga's atelier
In 1919, Cristobal Balenciaga opened his atelier in Spain, which later moved to Paris and became widely recognized for his revolutionary designs.
1921
Creation of PAIS to Protect Haute Couture Designs
In 1921, the French press established PAIS to safeguard individual haute couture designs from piracy. Designs were documented through photographs on mannequins to provide legal evidence of ownership.
1925
House of Worth Closes
The House of Worth, founded by Charles Frederick Worth in the 19th century, closed its doors in 1925. Worth was considered the father of haute couture and his designs were renowned for their opulence and luxury.
1927
Elsa Schiaparelli Founded
In 1927, Elsa Schiaparelli founded her fashion house, known for its modern take on embroidery and collaborations with artists like Christian Berard, Jean Cocteau, and Salvador Dali. Schiaparelli played a significant role in bringing French Haute Couture to the global stage.
1929
Launch of Mainbocher brand
In 1929, Main Russeau Bocher launched his brand Mainbocher, becoming the first American couturier and introducing innovative silhouettes to the fashion industry.
1939
Chanel retires during World War II
In 1939, Chanel retires and closes her couture house due to World War II, only to return later to counterbalance the restrictive fashion trends of the time.
1941
Vivienne Westwood and the Postmodern Legacy of Punk Style
Vivienne Westwood, born in 1941, is known for her influential role in shaping the punk style movement. Her designs challenge traditional fashion norms and continue to inspire avant-garde fashion trends.
1945-01-23
Creation of the designation of origin 'Haute Couture'
On January 23rd, 1945, the legally registered designation of origin 'Haute Couture' was created by the Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture, ensuring that only approved institutions could bear this prestigious title.
1946-12-16
Founding of the House of Christian Dior
The House of Christian Dior was officially founded on December 16th, 1946, but it is often cited that 1947 is the true year of conception as it was when Dior showcased his debut collection, setting the tone for the return of Paris to the international fashion stage.
1947
Christian Dior's New Look Collection
In 1947, Christian Dior introduced his revolutionary 'New Look' collection, featuring soft shoulders, cinched waists, and full skirts. This collection marked a significant shift in post-war fashion, bringing back luxury and femininity.
1950
Made in Italy: Italian Fashion from 1950 to Now
Italian fashion has been a significant influence in the global fashion industry since the mid-20th century. The Made in Italy movement showcases the craftsmanship and luxury associated with Italian fashion.
1952
Hubert de Givenchy opens his couture house
French aristocrat Hubert de Givenchy opens his couture house in 1952, later becoming known for dressing actress Audrey Hepburn.
1957
Hubert de Givenchy's Launch of His Fashion House
In 1957, Hubert de Givenchy founded his eponymous fashion house, House of Givenchy. Known for his elegant and sophisticated designs, Givenchy dressed iconic figures like Audrey Hepburn, solidifying his place in fashion history.
1966
Yves Saint Laurent Launches His Own Label
In 1966, Yves Saint Laurent founded his own fashion label after leaving the House of Dior. He is credited with revolutionizing women's fashion by introducing ready-to-wear clothing and popularizing the tuxedo suit for women.
1968
Cristobal Balenciaga retires
In 1968, Spanish designer Cristobal Balenciaga retires, closing his couture house and leaving a lasting impact on the fashion industry.
1970
Decline of Couture Houses
In 1970, the number of couture houses decreased significantly to just 19 from 106 in 1946. Designers blamed the strict regulations of Le Chambre Syndicale de La Haute Couture for imposing unsustainable conditions post-war.
1972
Cristobal Balenciaga passes away
In 1972, Cristobal Balenciaga dies, leading to industry recognition of his significant contributions to haute couture.
1973-10-08
Foundation of Chambre Syndicale du Prêt-à-Porter des Couturiers et des Créateurs de Mode
The Chambre Syndicale du Prêt-à-Porter des Couturiers et des Créateurs de Mode was established on October 8th, 1973, bringing together fashion designers and couturiers to promote ready-to-wear fashion.
1983
Karl Lagerfeld joins Chanel
In 1983, Karl Lagerfeld joins Chanel, making his debut in haute couture and leaving a lasting impact on the fashion house.
1990
Worth: Father of Haute Couture
The book 'Worth: Father of Haute Couture' explores the life and legacy of Charles Frederick Worth, who is considered the pioneer and founder of haute couture fashion.
1995
Haute Couture Exhibition Catalogue at Metropolitan Museum of Art
An exhibition catalogue titled Haute Couture was published in 1995 by Martin, Richard, and Harold Koda at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York.
1996
Christian Dior Exhibition
The exhibition catalog 'Christian Dior' at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in 1996 showcased the iconic work of the renowned fashion designer, highlighting his significant contributions to haute couture.
1998
Introduction of Guest Members by Chambre Syndicale
In 1998, the Chambre Syndicale introduced Guest Members, allowing new luxury brands to showcase their collections during haute couture week alongside official houses.
2000
Haute Couture
Haute couture is a discipline that focuses on ultimate imagination and quality in fashion design, unconstrained by cost. It remains a symbol of the most beautiful and visionary clothing that can be created.
2002-10
The Chopine
Harold Koda explored the history and significance of the chopine in October 2002.
2003-10
Classical Art and Modern Dress by Harold Koda
Harold Koda penned an essay in October 2003 called 'Classical Art and Modern Dress' discussing the influence of classical art on contemporary fashion.
2004-10
Opening of The Costume Institute Exhibition at The Met
In October 2004, The Costume Institute at The Metropolitan Museum of Art opened a new exhibition showcasing various iconic fashion pieces and designers throughout history.
2008-09
Paul Poiret (1879–1944) by Harold Koda
Harold Koda's essay 'Paul Poiret (1879–1944)' from September 2008 discusses the life and work of the influential fashion designer Paul Poiret.
2010
Inclusion of Finest Jewellery Houses in Haute Couture Calendar
Since 2010, the official Haute Couture calendar has featured the Finest Jewellery Houses affiliated with the Federation. This initiative allows for synchronized presentations and showcases the history of two sectors known for exceptional craftsmanship.
2011
John Galliano's dismissal from Dior
In 2011, John Galliano, a renowned couture designer, was fired from Dior, signaling a significant event in the world of haute couture.
2013
Rad Hourani debuts first unisex couture collection
In 2013, Rad Hourani made history by showcasing the first ever unisex couture collection.
2014
Christian Dior brings haute couture show to Shanghai
In 2014, Christian Dior created waves by hosting the first haute couture show in Shanghai, expanding the reach of high fashion.
2015
Closure of Ready-to-Wear Labels
In S/S 2015 show, the designer announced the closure of the ready-to-wear labels to focus on haute couture.
2016
Fendi Autumn/Winter 2016 Couture Show at Trevi Fountain
In 2016, Karl Lagerfeld organized the Fendi autumn/winter 2016 couture show at the iconic Trevi Fountain in Rome to celebrate the house's 90th anniversary. Models like Kendall Jenner and Bella Hadid showcased the collection 'Legends and Fairytales' by walking on water.
2017-06-29
Transformation into Fédération de la Haute Couture et de la Mode
On June 29th, 2017, the Fédération Française de la Couture, du Prêt-à-Porter des Couturiers et des Créateurs de Mode was rebranded as the Fédération de la Haute Couture et de la Mode, highlighting the importance of Haute Couture in the fashion industry.
2018
Haute Couture - S/S 18
An event presenting the haute couture collections for the Spring/Summer 2018 season, highlighting the latest trends and designs in the fashion industry.
2020-07-06
Haute Couture Fashion Week AW20 held online
For the first time ever, Haute Couture Fashion Week for the Autumn/Winter 2020 season was conducted online due to social-distancing rules and travel restrictions. This decision was made to adapt to the current global situation.
2023
Paris Haute Couture Week 2023
An overview of the Paris Haute Couture Week in 2023, featuring the latest trends and collections from top fashion houses and designers.