In 644, the Arabs defeated the Rai Dynasty of Sindh at the Battle of Rasil, leading to the conquest of Makran (Balochistan) and its conversion to Islam.

Around 976, an Arab governor was found residing in Khuzdar, representing the Arab presence in Balochistan during the Ghaznavid Empire.

In 1013, the Baloch were part of Saffarids Amir Khalaf's army and fought against Mahmud when the Ghaznavids forces invaded Sistan.

In 1398, Pir Muhammad, the grandson of Timur, engaged in a battle against the Afghans in the Sulaiman mountains, marking a significant event in the history of Balochistan.

Wars took place between Mir Chakar Khan Rind and Mir Gwahram Khan Lashari, which are celebrated in Baloch verse. Amir Zunnun Beg, Arghun, played a prominent role in these wars.

In 1515, Shah Esmāʿīl was forced to accept the Portuguese occupation of Hormoz and concluded a treaty with the admiral, Alfonso de Albuquerque. The treaty included provisions for the Portuguese to assist the shah in suppressing a revolt in Makrān.

Bābor captures the city of Qandahār, leading to significant political changes in the region.

Mīr Čākar Rind, a prominent figure in the region, recognizes the authority of the Mughal Empire shortly before his death.

In 1613, Sir Robert Sherley recommended to the East India Company in London to set up a factory in Gwadar, as it was autonomous, tributary to Iran, safe from the Portuguese, and promised lucrative trade opportunities.

The army of Akbar the Great brought what is now Pakistani and Iranian Balochistan under the control of the Mughal Empire until 1638.

In 1666, the local vassal of the Mughal Empire organized the Khanate of Kalat in central Balochistan, which later ruled over the vassals of the states of Las Bela, Kharan, and Makran, forming most of Pakistani Balochistan.

In 1708, the Ghilzai rose to power in Baluchistan, defeating the Safavids.

In 1740, the Ahmadzai ruler obtained the cession of Kachhi as compensation for the blood of Mir Abdullah and his men.

In 1749, Ahmad Shah Durrani made the Khanate of Kalat a vassal of the Afghan Durrani Empire.

After an act of insubordination by Naṣīr, a new treaty was negotiated with Aḥmad Shah Abdālī. The khanate of Kalat no longer paid tribute to Qandahār and provided a fighting force only when the Afghans fought outside their kingdom.

In 1758, the Khan of Kalat, Mir Naseer Khan I, revolted against Ahmed Shah Durrani, defeated him, and made his Khanate independent from the Durrani Empire.

Naṣīr reached a compromise with the Gīčkī and Bulēdī tribes, dividing the revenues of the country equally between the Gīčkī leaders and the khan, with the Gīčkī retaining direct administration.

In 1783, the Khan of Kalat granted suzerainty of the port of Gwadar to the Sultan of Oman, who later decided to keep it as part of his domains. The port eventually came under Pakistani control after being bought back from Oman in 1958.

In 1839, the British attacked Kalat as part of their invasion of Afghanistan, installing a friendly ruler. This marked the beginning of British involvement in the region.

In 1840, the Mari tribe in Balochistan revolted against British rule, leading to a conflict where the Mari forces attacked British troops near Filiji. The British retaliated with excessive force.

In 1854, Kalat became an associated state of the British Empire. This further solidified British influence in the region.

In 1877, the British established the Baluchistan Agency to deal with the Baluch princely states in its Indian Empire and directly rule the northern half of Balochistan, including Quetta.

The annual rebuilding of the barrages in Sīstān, as described in 1909, was a significant event that required all available labor and was crucial for managing seasonal river discharge onto agricultural lands.

Mir Ahmad Yar Khan, the Khan of Kalat, declared Balochistan's independence on August 12, 1947.

The Khan of Kalat agreed to the accession of Balochistan into West Pakistan on March 27, 1948.

In 1955, Pakistan absorbed the princely state of Kalat, which had allegedly considered joining India instead. This absorption reconfirmed the boundary between Pakistan and Iran in Balochistan.

Government troops attacked the residence of the Khan of Kalat in the city of Kalat on October 6, 1958.

The government declared martial law on October 7, 1958.

The Baloch Students Organization (BSO) was established in support of Balochi independence in 1967.

The Provincial Assembly of Balochistan was established on 30th March, 1970, following the dissolution of one unit and the declaration of Balochistan as a separate province.

The first election of the Balochistan Provincial Assembly took place on 17th December, 1970, with 21 members, including 20 general seats and one reserved for women.

The government announced the formation of the province of Balochistan on July 1, 1971.

The first session of the Balochistan Assembly, comprising 21 members, was held on 2nd May, 1972, at the Historic Shahi Jirga Hall in Quetta.

Government officials found weapons and ammunition in the Iraqi embassy in Islamabad on February 10, 1973.

Prime Minister Zulfiqar Bhutto dismissed Governor Bizenjo and Provincial Assembly of Balochistan on February 12, 1973, and appointed Sardar Akbar Khan Bugti as governor.

On May 18, 1973, Balochi rebels attacked and killed eight government policemen near Sibi, escalating the conflict between the Balochi rebels and government forces.

A clash between government troops and Balochi rebels near Gumbaz on August 7, 1973, resulted in the deaths of two government soldiers, intensifying the ongoing conflict in Balochistan.

On December 2, 1973, Samad Khan Achazai, leader of the NAP in Balochistan, was assassinated in Quetta, leading to further instability in the region during the conflict.

Prime Minister Zulfiqar Bhutto declared a ceasefire and offered amnesty to the Balochi rebels on May 15, 1974, in an attempt to bring an end to the conflict in Balochistan.

Between August 21 and October 15, 1974, government troops launched a military offensive against Balochi rebels in Balochistan, resulting in significant casualties on both sides.

On January 12, 1975, around 200 Balochi tribesmen fled as refugees to Afghanistan to escape the conflict and violence in Balochistan.

Balochi rebels attacked and killed 18 government soldiers south of Quetta on October 21, 1975, escalating the violence in the conflict-stricken region.

On October 28, 1975, Balochi rebels killed 15 individuals near the Iranian border, adding to the casualties and tensions in the conflict between the rebels and government forces.

In July 1977, government troops successfully suppressed the Balochi rebellion, bringing an end to the prolonged conflict that resulted in significant loss of lives on both sides.

The government ended martial law on December 30, 1985.

The Balochistan State Assembly was dissolved in December 1988.

Balochis and Pashtuns clashed in Quetta on October 12, 1991, resulting in the deaths of 13 individuals.

On July 22, 2000, BLA rebels fired mortar shells into Quetta, resulting in the deaths of nine government soldiers.

Since 2003, there has been an ongoing low-intensity insurgency in Balochistan, Pakistan. The separatist militants demand independence for Baloch regions and greater autonomy in the region's natural resources.

BLA rebels bombed a military truck in Quetta on December 10, 2004, resulting in the deaths of eleven individuals.

On March 17, 2005, government troops and BLA rebels clashed, resulting in the deaths of some 50 BLA rebels and 8 government soldiers.

BLA rebels attacked and killed 42 government soldiers on November 8, 2005.

Government troops launched a military offensive against BLA rebels beginning on December 17, 2005.

Six individuals were killed by a landmine near Dera Bugti on January 25, 2006.

Government troops killed Balochi tribal leader Nawab Akbar Bugti on August 26, 2006.

Since 2012, separatist fighting in Iran has reportedly become more sectarian, with Sunni Baloch militants showing a greater degree of Salafist and anti-Shia ideology in their struggle against the Shia-Islamist Iranian government.

In 2013, Balochistan was struck by a major earthquake, known as the 2013 Balochistan earthquake. The region also experienced the 2013 Saravan earthquake.

The current 11th Balochistan Assembly was formed after the General Election held on 25th July, 2018, with Mir Abdul Quddus Bizenjo and Sardar Babar Khan Musakhel elected as Speaker and Deputy Speaker.

In 2019, the United States declared the Baloch Liberation Army, one of the separatist militants fighting the government of Pakistan, as a global terrorist group. This designation highlighted the conflict and separatist movements in the region.

In 2021, Balochistan experienced a devastating earthquake that resulted in the loss of many lives. This event came to be known as the 2021 Balochistan earthquake.

Baloch militants launched an attack on Pakistan's Gwadar Port, resulting in the death of 7 terrorists.

The Majeed Brigade, a group of Baloch militants, carried out an attack in Gwadar, Pakistan.

Baloch militants launched an attack on a Pakistan naval air base in Balochistan, resulting in the foiling of the bid and the death of six terrorists.

Baloch militants were responsible for the killing of 11 people in Pakistan's Balochistan region.