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Dada

Avant-garde art movement in early 20th century Europe
Avant-garde art movement in early 20th century Europe

Dada, or Dadaism, was an avant-garde art movement in early 20th century Europe. It rejected logic and reason, expressing nonsense and anti-bourgeois protest. Dadaists used various media like collage, sound poetry, and sculpture. The movement's name origins are debated, but it aimed to challenge conventional art and societal norms. Influenced by pre-war avant-garde, Dada had key figures like Marcel Duchamp and Tristan Tzara, and influenced later art movements like Surrealism and pop art.

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1887
Kurt Schwitters begins creating art with found objects in Hanover

Artist Kurt Schwitters started making art out of postwar Germany's debris in Hanover. He rejected the Dada label and coined his own term 'Merz', incorporating elements of money, pain, and excrement into his work. His Merzbau construction was a unique blend of found objects and geometric forms.

1895
Ubu Roi (King Ubu)

Alfred Jarry's farce introduced 'Pataphysics' which was a source of inspiration for Dada's farcical spirit.

1912
Nude Descending a Staircase no. 2

Duchamp's painting, inspired by early stop-action photographic studies of motion, caused a sensation when rejected by the jury for the Salon des Independants of 1912 in Paris.

1913
Beginning of Dada movement

In 1913, the Dada movement had its beginnings, setting the stage for a radical shift in the art world with its disruptive and unconventional approach.

1914
Zurich Dada Movement Emerges

In response to the horrors of World War I in 1914, artists in Zurich turned to the arts as a form of expression. Despite the ongoing war, they engaged in activities such as singing, painting, creating collages, and writing poems with great passion.

1915-06
Marcel Duchamp and Francis Picabia arrive in New York

In June 1915, Marcel Duchamp and Francis Picabia both arrived in New York City, where they played crucial roles in introducing anti-art concepts and forming a creative community.

1916-02-05
Opening of Cabaret Voltaire

Cabaret Voltaire is founded and the first Dada event is held in the summer, where Hugo Ball reads the original manifesto. The Dada movement has various rumors surrounding its name origins.

1916-07-14
Dada Manifesto Originated by Ball

Hugo Ball originated the seminal Dada Manifesto on 14 July 1916, marking a significant moment in the Dada movement. The manifesto laid the foundation for the anti-art and anti-establishment principles of Dadaism.

1917-02
Huelsenbeck gives first Dada speech in Berlin

In February of 1918, Huelsenbeck delivered his first Dada speech in Berlin, marking a significant moment in the development of the Dada movement in Germany.

1917-07
Publication of Dada Review

Zürich Dada, led by Tzara, started publishing the art and literature review 'Dada' in July 1917. The publication aimed to spread Dada ideas and influence through its editions from Zurich and later Paris.

1918-11
End of First World War

The fighting of the First World War ended in the armistice of November 1918. This event led to the return of most Zürich Dadaists to their home countries and the initiation of Dada activities in other cities.

1919
LHOOQ

Marcel Duchamp's provocative alteration of the Mona Lisa postcard, adding a mustache and goatee, questioning artistic values and creativity. 'LHOOQ' exemplifies Dada's irreverence towards traditional art and its ability to challenge societal norms through artistic subversion.

1920-05-26
Festival Dada in Paris

The Festival Dada in Paris on 26 May 1920 featured Dada music composed by Francis Picabia and Georges Ribemont-Dessaignes.

1921-04
New York Dada Magazine Published

The New York Dada magazine, featuring works by Marcel Duchamp and Man Ray, was published in April 1921. The magazine is archived at Bibliothèque Kandinsky, Centre Pompidou and can be accessed online.

1922
Rayograph

Man Ray's experimental photography technique creating images by placing objects on sensitized paper and exposing them to light. 'Rayograph' reflects Dada's interest in chance and the unconventional, liberating photography from traditional representational roles.

1923-07
Mavo Dada Group in Japan

Mavo, a prominent Dada group in Japan, was founded in July 1923 by Tomoyoshi Murayama. Other prominent artists in the group were Jun Tsuji, Eisuke Yoshiyuki, and Katué Kitasono.

1924
Breton publishes the Surrealist manifesto

In 1924, André Breton published the Surrealist manifesto, leading to a significant number of Dadaists joining the Surrealist movement, which marked the end of Dada.

1927
Marcel Duchamp marries Lydie Fischer Sarazin-Levassor

In 1927, Marcel Duchamp married Lydie Fischer Sarazin-Levassor. The wedding was filmed by Man Ray and attended by Picabia.

1944
Red Wire Sculpture

Red Wire Sculpture is an artwork by Kurt Schwitters from 1944.

1946
Kurt Schwitters wins prizes in Ambleside flower show art competition

In 1946, Kurt Schwitters, known as the founder of Merz and collaborator with Dadaists, Cubists, and Constructivists, won first, second, and third prizes in the Ambleside flower show art competition.

1951
Publication of 'The Dada Painters and Poets'

In 1951, Robert Motherwell's anthology 'The Dada Painters and Poets' was published, acknowledging the significant role played by Dada in shaping twentieth-century art.

1959
Butoh Dance Form and Dada Movement

Butoh, the Japanese dance-form originating in 1959, has direct connections to the spirit of the Dada movement. Tatsumi Hijikata, one of Butoh's founders, was influenced by Dadaism early in his career.

1964-09
L.H.O.O.Q by Marcel Duchamp

Marcel Duchamp created L.H.O.O.Q in September 1964 in Neuilly-sur-Seine as a numbered edition of 35, along with 3 unnumbered examples, based on his original rectified readymade from 1919. It was sold for €631,500.

1966-05-19
Dada Inspired Alien in Ultra Series

In Tsuburaya Productions's Ultra Series, an alien named Dada was inspired by the Dadaism movement. The character first appeared in episode 28 of the 1966 tokusatsu series, Ultraman.

1967
Dada Retrospective in Paris

A large Dada retrospective was held in Paris in 1967, showcasing the influence of Dada upon art and society.

1968
Introduction of Dada in Educational Theatre Journal

Donna M. Kristiansen's article 'What Is Dada?' was published in the Educational Theatre Journal in 1968, providing insights into the essence of Dada art movement.

1971
DADA 'Archives du XXe siècle' Documentary

In 1971, a documentary titled DADA 'Archives du XXe siècle' was produced, providing insights into the Dada art movement.

1974
Tom Stoppard's play Travesties

In his play Travesties (1974), Tom Stoppard explores the premise of Lenin, Tzara, and James Joyce intersecting during the time of the Zürich Dadaists.

1978
International Conference on Dada at The University of Iowa

In 1978, The University of Iowa hosted an international conference on Dada and an exhibition titled 'Dada Artifacts', leading to the establishment of the Dada Archive and Research Center.

1979
Establishment of the Dada Archive and Research Center at The University of Iowa

In 1979, under the direction of Professors Rudolf Kuenzli and Stephen Foster, the Dada Archive and Research Center was established at The University of Iowa to preserve and disseminate the documentation of the Dada movement.

1989
Publication of 'The Dada Painters and Poets' by Robert Motherwell

In 1989, Robert Motherwell's 'The Dada Painters and Poets' was published, becoming a significant retrospective collection of documents related to the Dada movement. This publication was well-received by literary and art historians, as well as the general public.

2000-02-03
Online catalog of the International Dada Archive becomes available

On February 3, 2000, the online catalog of the International Dada Archive, known as the International On-line Bibliography of Dada, was made accessible to the public. This online catalog includes virtually all titles in the Archive's card catalog and all titles added since February 2000.

2006-01
Pierre Pinoncelli's Performance on The Fountain

In January 2006, performance artist Pierre Pinoncelli made a crack in a replica of Marcel Duchamp's 'The Fountain' with a hammer as a homage to Dada. He also urinated on a different replica of the artwork in 1993, further emphasizing the controversial nature of Duchamp's creation.

2008-02-21
Exhibition of Duchamp, Man Ray, and Picabia at Tate Modern

An exhibition showcasing the works of prominent figures in the New York Dada movement, including Marcel Duchamp, Man Ray, and Francis Picabia, was held at Tate Modern from February 21 to May 26, 2008.

2009-04-08
Arp, Hans and Tristan Tzara Artwork Auction in Paris

An auction event featuring artwork by Arp, Hans and Tristan Tzara in Paris, with pieces from the Collection Dada in 1920.

2012-07
Chumbawamba's statement on Dada influence

Upon disbanding in July 2012, the anarchist pop band Chumbawamba drew parallels between their own legacy and that of the Dada art movement.

2013
Picabia's Quasi-Name

Aurélie Verdier and Claude Kincaid's article 'Picabia's Quasi-Name' delves into the exploration of Francis Picabia's unique artistic identity.

2016-04-26
Bibliothèque R & B.L. Dada-Surréalisme La Chasse

An auction event featuring the Bibliothèque R & B.L. Dada-Surréalisme La Chasse collection took place in Paris on April 26, 2016.

2017-10-21
Dada, Surrealism, and Beyond Collection Auction

On October 21, 2017, an auction featuring Dada, Surrealism, and beyond collection took place in Paris.

2018-05-24
Kurt Schwitters Artwork Auction in Paris

An auction event featuring artwork by Kurt Schwitters in Paris, including the piece 'Untitled (Wagner and Vienna)' with an estimated value of 60,000 - 80,000 USD.

End of the Timeline
Dada

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Dada

Avant-garde art movement in early 20th century Europe
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