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2024-02-17 02:32:02

Indira Gandhi

Indian politician, first female Prime Minister of India
Indian politician, first female Prime Minister of India
Indira Gandhi, India's first female Prime Minister, served from 1966 to 1977 and again from 1980 until her assassination in 1984. Known for centralizing power, she led India to victory in wars with China and Pakistan, and faced criticism for her authoritarian rule during the Emergency.
1917-11-19
Indira Gandhi becomes the first female Prime Minister of India
On November 19, 1917, Indira Gandhi, the daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru, became the first female Prime Minister of India. She served as Prime Minister from 1966 to 1977 and then again from 1980 until her assassination in 1984.
1924-11
Birth of Indira Gandhi's Brother
In November 1924, Indira Gandhi's baby brother was born but unfortunately passed away after two days of birth.
1926
Indira's Parents Join Indian Independence Movement
When Indira was about two years old, her parents, Jawaharlal Nehru and Kamala Nehru, joined the Indian Independence Movement led by Mohandas K. Gandhi.
1930
Foundation of 'Vanar Sena' by Smt. Indira Gandhi
In 1930, Smt. Indira Gandhi founded the 'Vanar Sena' of children to assist the Congress party during the Non-Cooperation Movement.
1931
Indira Gandhi moves to People’s Own School in Poona
In 1931, Indira Gandhi was moved to Poona to become a day boarder at the People’s Own School. This move allowed her to get closer to Mahatma Gandhi and learn about the power of passive resistance.
1934
Matriculation of Indira Nehru
Indira Nehru completed her matriculation in 1934 after being taught mostly at home by tutors and attending school intermittently.
1936
Indira Gandhi joins Somerville College, Oxford
After her mother's death in 1936, Indira Gandhi joined Somerville College, Oxford. She became heavily involved in various political activities during her time at the college.
1937
Indira Gandhi's Time in Britain
In 1937, while Indira Gandhi was in Britain, she began to spend time there. This period may have influenced her political views and actions.
1939
Marriage of Feroze Gandhi and Indira Gandhi
In 1939, Feroze Gandhi and Indira Gandhi got married. Feroze Gandhi was the husband of Indira Gandhi, who later became the Prime Minister of India.
1940
Indira Gandhi's Marriage and Children
In 1940, Indira Gandhi got married and started a family, marking a significant personal milestone in her life.
1942-03-25
Marriage to Feroze Gandhi
Indira Gandhi married Feroze Gandhi in Allahabad on March 25, 1942, following their meeting in Great Britain.
1942-03-26
Marriage to Feroze Gandhi
She married Feroze Gandhi on March 26, 1942 and they had two sons.
1944
Birth of Rajiv Gandhi
In 1944, Indira and Feroze Gandhi had their first son, Rajiv Gandhi.
1946-12
Birth of Sanjay Gandhi
In December 1946, Indira and Feroze Gandhi had their second son, Sanjay Gandhi.
1947
Work in Riot-Affected Areas of Delhi
In 1947, under Gandhi's guidance, Smt. Indira Gandhi worked in riot-affected areas of Delhi, showcasing her commitment to social causes.
1951
Renaming of Indira Nehru to Indira Priyadarshini Nehru
During her time at Vishwa Bharati in Santiniketan, Rabindranath Tagore named Indira Nehru as Priyadarshini, which means 'looking at everything with kindness' in Sanskrit.
1952
Indira Gandhi's Views on Women
In 1952, Indira Gandhi expressed her belief in women's capabilities and equality, despite not identifying as a feminist. Her upbringing and involvement in women's issues reflected her complex views on gender.
1953
Mothers’ Award, U.S.A.
In 1953, she was honored with the Mothers’ Award in the United States.
1955
Indira Gandhi joins Congress Working Committee and Central Election Party
In 1955, Indira Gandhi became a member of the Congress Working Committee and Central Election Party, marking her entry into the key decision-making bodies of the Indian National Congress.
1956
Indira Gandhi's leadership roles in A.I.C.C.
In 1956, Indira Gandhi held significant leadership positions within the All India Congress Committee (A.I.C.C.), serving as the Chairperson of the National Integration Council and holding the positions of President in both the All India Youth Congress and the Women's Department of A.I.C.C.
1958
Appointment as Member of Central Parliamentary Board of Congress
In 1958, she was appointed as a member of the Central Parliamentary Board of Congress, showcasing her growing influence within the party.
1959
Indira Gandhi elected as the Prime Minister of India
In 1959, Indira Gandhi was elected as the Prime Minister of India, marking a crucial milestone in her political career.
1960-09-07
Death of Feroze Gandhi
Indira Gandhi's husband, Feroze Gandhi, passed away due to a heart attack on September 7, 1960.
1962
Member of National Defence Council
In 1962, Smt. Indira Gandhi became a member of the National Defence Council, playing a crucial role in national defense and security matters.
1964-01
Minister for Information and Broadcasting
She served as the Minister for Information and Broadcasting from 1964 to 1966.
1964-08
Member of Rajya Sabha
Indira Gandhi became a Member of Rajya Sabha in August 1964 and served until February 1967.
1965
Indian Economy Plunges into Recession
India faced severe economic challenges due to the war with Pakistan and a drought-induced food crisis in 1965, leading to the sharpest recession since independence. The government implemented measures to liberalize the economy and devalue the currency to receive foreign aid.
1966-01-01
Indira Gandhi Becomes First Female Prime Minister of India
Indira Gandhi became the first female Prime Minister of India in 1966, marking a significant milestone in Indian political history.
1966-01-19
Indira Gandhi Becomes Prime Minister of India
On January 19, 1966, Indira Gandhi became the Prime Minister of India. This event marked a significant milestone in her political career and had a profound impact on the political landscape of India.
1966-01-23
Becoming Prime Minister of India
Indira Gandhi became the Prime Minister of India on January 23, 1966, succeeding Lal Bahadur Shastri.
1967-01
Leader of Congress Parliamentary Party
Indira Gandhi was chosen as the leader of the Congress Parliamentary Party in 1967-77 and again in January 1980.
1967-09
Minister for Atomic Energy
She took on the role of Minister for Atomic Energy from September 1967 to March 1977.
1968
Indira Gandhi nationalizes 14 major Indian banks
In 1968, Indira Gandhi made the bold decision to nationalize 14 major Indian banks, a move that had significant implications for the country's economy.
1969
Indira Gandhi wins the general elections
In 1969, Indira Gandhi emerged victorious in the general elections, securing her position as the Prime Minister of India for a second term.
1970-06
Minister of Home Affairs
She headed the Ministry of Home Affairs from June 1970 to November 1973.
1971-02-28
1971 Indian General Election
Indira Gandhi emerged victorious in the 1971 Indian general election.
1972-03-20
Indira Gandhi's Call for Self-Reliance
In 1972, Indira Gandhi emphasized the importance of self-reliance over independence for the progress of the nation.
1973
Nationalisation of Oil Companies
In response to foreign-owned private oil companies refusing to supply fuel during the Indo-Pakistani War, Indira Gandhi nationalised some oil companies in 1973 to ensure a steady supply for the military.
1974-05-18
India's First Nuclear Test - 'Smiling Buddha'
On May 18, 1974, India successfully conducted its first underground nuclear test, codenamed 'Smiling Buddha', near Pokhran in Rajasthan. This test marked India's entry into the nuclear club.
1975
Emergency Period in India
The Emergency period in India, declared by then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, lasted from 1975 to 1977 and was marked by a suspension of civil liberties.
1975-06-12
Allahabad High Court Verdict against Indira Gandhi
On June 12, 1975, the Allahabad High Court found Indira Gandhi guilty of electoral malpractices and barred her from holding public office for six years, leading to widespread demands for her resignation.
1975-06-12
Verdict on Indira Gandhi's electoral malpractice
On June 12, 1975, the Allahabad High Court declared Indira Gandhi's election to the Lok Sabha in 1971 void due to electoral malpractice. She was found guilty of dishonest election practices, excessive election expenditure, and misuse of government resources for campaigning.
1975-06-25
Emergency imposed by Indira Gandhi
On June 25, 1975, Indira Gandhi imposed emergency in India which lasted till March 3, 1977. The period saw the arrest and detainment of several Jana Sangh leaders and activists.
1975-06-25
Declaration of State of Emergency
On June 25, 1975, President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed declared a State of Emergency in India based on the disorder and lawlessness following the Allahabad High Court decision against Indira Gandhi. The Emergency led to widespread arrests and suspension of civil liberties.
1976
Sahitya Vachaspati (Hindi) by Nagari Pracharini Sabha
In 1976, she received the Sahitya Vachaspati award in Hindi from the Nagari Pracharini Sabha.
1977
Indian General Elections
Indira Gandhi called for elections after extending the state of emergency twice. She was opposed by the Janata alliance of Opposition parties, which claimed the elections were the last chance for India to choose between 'democracy and dictatorship'. The Congress Party split during the campaign, leading to a significant defeat for Gandhi's Congress party.
1977-03-03
End of Emergency in India
The state of emergency imposed by Indira Gandhi in India came to an end on 3 March 1977.
1978-11
Indira Gandhi's By-Election Victory
After losing her seat in the general elections, Indira Gandhi won a by-election in the Chikmagalur Constituency and took a seat in the Lok Sabha in November 1978. This marked her return to power after the defeat.
1979
Publication of 'Inde' in Lausanne
In 1979, Indira Gandhi published a work titled 'Inde' in Lausanne. This publication was part of her numerous collections of speeches and writings.
1980-01-14
Smt. Indira Gandhi Becomes Prime Minister
On January 14, 1980, Smt. Indira Gandhi assumed office as the Prime Minister of India. She belonged to the Congress (I) party and served in this position until October 31, 1984.
1980-06-23
Sanjay Gandhi's Death
Sanjay Gandhi, Indira Gandhi's son, was killed in a plane crash while performing an aerobatic manoeuvre in New Delhi on June 23, 1980. This event had a significant impact on the Gandhi family and Indian politics.
1981-09-26
Conferment of Honorary Doctorate at the University of the South Pacific
On 26 September 1981, Indira Gandhi was conferred with an honorary degree of Doctor at the Laucala Graduation at the University of the South Pacific in Fiji, recognizing her contributions and achievements.
1983
Establishment of SAARC
Indira Gandhi played a key role in establishing the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) in 1983 to promote regional cooperation and reduce the influence of superpowers in South Asia.
1984
Assassination of Indira Gandhi
Indira Gandhi was assassinated in 1984, ending her fourth term as the Prime Minister of India and leaving a lasting impact on the country's political landscape.
1984-10-30
Indira Gandhi's Last Speech
Indira Gandhi delivered her final speech at the BBSR parade ground in Bhubaneswar, Orissa, the day before her assassination. In her speech, she expressed uncertainty about her future.
1984-10-31
Assassination of Indira Gandhi
Indira Gandhi was assassinated by her personal security guard, leading to widespread anti-Sikh riots.
1984-10-31
Assassination of Indira Gandhi
Indira Gandhi was assassinated on October 31, 1984, in New Delhi. She was serving her fourth term as the Prime Minister of India at the time of her assassination.
1984-11-03
Cremation of Indira Gandhi
Three days after her assassination, Indira Gandhi's body was cremated in a Hindu ritual. The funeral procession and cremation ceremony were attended by a large number of mourners and dignitaries.
1984-11-06
Assassination of Indira Gandhi
Indira Gandhi, the first and only female Prime Minister of India, is assassinated.
1985
Indira Gandhi Award for National Integration
Established by Indian National Congress in memory of Indira Gandhi on her death anniversary.
1991-05-21
Assassination of Rajiv Gandhi
Rajiv Gandhi, son of Indira Gandhi and former Prime Minister of India, was assassinated by a suicide bomber working for LTTE on May 21, 1991. His death marked a tragic end to the Gandhi political legacy.
1992
Full Diplomatic Ties with Israel
Indira Gandhi's lieutenant, P. V. Narasimha Rao, approved full diplomatic ties with Israel in 1992. This marked a significant shift in India's Middle East policy.
1996
Maachis by Gulzar
A film related to Indira Gandhi's tenure or policies.
1999
Indira Gandhi Named 'Woman of the Millennium'
In 1999, Indira Gandhi was honored as the 'Woman of the Millennium' in an online poll organized by the BBC, recognizing her significant impact and legacy as a female leader in the 20th century.
2003
Hazaaron Khwaishein Aisi by Sudhir Mishra
A film related to Indira Gandhi's tenure or policies.
2004
Des Hoyaa Pardes by Manoj Punj
A film related to Indira Gandhi's tenure or policies.
2005
Amu by Shonali Bose
A film related to Indira Gandhi's tenure or policies.
2011
Posthumous award of Bangladesh Freedom Honour
In 2011, Indira Gandhi was posthumously honored with the Bangladesh Freedom Honour for her remarkable contributions to Bangladesh's Liberation War.
2012
Midnight's Children
Notable portrayal of Indira Gandhi by Sarita Choudhury in a film.
2013
Pradhanmantri (Prime Minister) TV series
A documentary series covering various policies and political tenures of Indian PMs, including Indira Gandhi's tenureship.
2014
Kaum De Heere by Ravinder Ravi
A film related to Indira Gandhi's tenure or policies.
2015
Jai Jawaan Jai Kisaan
Portrayal of Indira Gandhi by Mandeep Kohli in a film.
2016
Establishment of the Indira Gandhi Memorial Trust
In 2016, the Indira Gandhi Memorial Trust was established to honor the legacy of former Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi.
2017
Indu Sarkar
Portrayal of Indira Gandhi by Supriya Vinod in a film.
2018
Raid
Portrayal of Indira Gandhi by Flora Jacob in a film.
2019
NTR: Kathanayakudu/NTR: Mahanayakudu and Yashwantrao Chavan – Bakhar Eka Vaadalaachi
Portrayal of Indira Gandhi by Supriya Vinod in films.
2020
Shukranu by Bishnu Dev Halder
A film related to Indira Gandhi's tenure or policies.
2021
Thalaivi and Radhe Shyam
Portrayal of Indira Gandhi by Flora Jacob in films.
4672
Birth of Indira Gandhi
Indira Gandhi, the first and, to date, the only female Prime Minister of India, was born in 4672.
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Indira Gandhi

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Indira Gandhi

Indian politician, first female Prime Minister of India
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