The Lewis and Clark Expedition was a journey to explore the Louisiana Territory in 1804. Led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark, the expedition faced challenges and made significant discoveries.
Thomas Jefferson asks Meriwether Lewis to become his secretary
In 1801, President Thomas Jefferson sent a letter to Meriwether Lewis, inviting him to serve as his secretary.
1802-01-08
Caspar Wistar writes to Thomas Jefferson about Mackenzie's Voyages
In January 1802, Caspar Wistar, a Philadelphia physician, anatomist, and paleontologist, wrote a letter to Thomas Jefferson discussing Mackenzie's Voyages.
1802-06-21
Jefferson orders Mackenzie's book and Arrowsmith's map from James Cheetham
In June 1802, President Jefferson ordered Alexander Mackenzie's book and Aaron Arrowsmith's latest map of North America from James Cheetham of New York.
1802-08-10
Benjamin Smith Barton visits Jefferson
In August 1802, Philadelphia physician, naturalist, and botany professor Benjamin Smith Barton visits President Jefferson, but is not informed about the proposed expedition.
1802-11-21
Albert Gallatin advises Jefferson on funding
On November 21, 1802, Secretary of Treasury Albert Gallatin advises President Jefferson to make a secret request to Congress for funding the Expedition, rather than including it in his annual message.
1802-12-02
Jefferson inquires Spain about Missouri River expedition
On December 2, 1802, Spanish minister Irujo writes to Madrid that Jefferson asked if Spain would object to a scientific expedition up the Missouri River. Spain later refuses to issue Lewis a passport.
1803-01-18
President Jefferson seeks funding for expedition
On January 18, 1803, President Jefferson sent an encrypted letter to Congress requesting financial support for a proposed expedition.
1803-02-27
Jefferson appoints Meriwether Lewis to lead the Expedition
On February 27, 1803, Jefferson wrote to Barton informing him that he had chosen Meriwether Lewis to lead the Expedition to the Pacific.
1803-02-28
Lewis learns to calculate latitude and longitude
Jefferson wrote to Wistar on February 28, 1803, mentioning that Lewis had acquired the skill to calculate latitude and longitude.
1803-03-01
Lewis receives French passport
Meriwether Lewis obtained a French passport on March 1, 1803.
1803-03-14
Gallatin provides funding for the Expedition
On March 14, 1803, Gallatin wrote to Jefferson mentioning the issuance of a $2,500 warrant for the Expedition and a manuscript transcribed from Mr. Thornton's map by Captain Lewis.
1803-03-15
Meriwether Lewis leaves Washington, D.C. for Harpers Ferry
On March 15, 1803, Meriwether Lewis departs from Washington, D.C. to head towards the federal armory at Harpers Ferry, Virginia.
1803-03-19
Lewis arrives at Harpers Ferry for supplies
Meriwether Lewis reaches Harpers Ferry on March 19, 1803, to make arrangements for necessary supplies for the upcoming expedition.
1803-04-01
Publication of Lewis Prospectus
In April 1803, Lewis Prospectus was published by John Conrad of Philadelphia, announcing a work in three volumes. The first part contained the narrative while the latter included scientific observations and Indian vocabularies.
1803-04-13
Gallatin writes to Jefferson regarding Lewis' instructions
On April 13, 1803, Albert Gallatin sends a letter to Thomas Jefferson providing feedback on the instructions drafted for Meriwether Lewis.
1803-04-19
Lewis meets Andrew Ellicott in Lancaster
April 19, 1803, marks the day when Meriwether Lewis arrives in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, and meets with Andrew Ellicott, a prominent astronomer, mathematician, and surveyor.
1803-04-20
Lewis starts celestial navigation practice with Ellicott
Starting from April 20, 1803, Meriwether Lewis commences his training in celestial navigation under the guidance of Andrew Ellicott.
1803-05-02
Louisiana Purchase Agreement
The United States agreed to the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, acquiring a vast territory west of the Mississippi River from France. This doubled the size of the country and added significance to the upcoming Lewis and Clark Expedition.
1803-05-07
Ellicott writes letters to John Vaughn and Robert Patterson for Lewis
In 1803, Andrew Ellicott wrote letters to John Vaughn and Robert Patterson to be carried by Meriwether Lewis, regarding the upcoming expedition.
1803-05-10
Lewis starts training in Philadelphia for the Expedition
On May 10, 1803, Meriwether Lewis began training in Philadelphia for the upcoming expedition. He received training in various subjects like botany, navigation, mathematics, medicine, and anatomy.
1803-05-12
Lewis dines with Mahlon Dickerson
In 1803, Meriwether Lewis had a meal with his long-time friend Mahlon Dickerson.
1803-05-14
Ellicott writes to Jefferson about instruments for the Expedition
Andrew Ellicott communicated with Thomas Jefferson on May 14, 1803, informing him about discussions with Robert Patterson and Henry Voigt regarding the instruments needed for the expedition.
1803-05-15
Lewis dines with Dr. George Logan and visits Governor John Mckean
On May 15, 1803, Meriwether Lewis had dinner with Dr. George Logan and paid a visit to Governor John Mckean.
1803-05-16
Jefferson sends instructions draft to Lewis for the Expedition
Thomas Jefferson sent a draft of instructions to Meriwether Lewis on May 16, 1803, outlining details for the upcoming expedition.
1803-05-17
Dr. Benjamin Rush prepares questions about Indians for Lewis
Dr. Benjamin Rush compiled a list of questions about Native Americans for Meriwether Lewis on May 17, 1803.
1803-05-19
Lewis dines with Henry Sheaff
On May 19, 1803, Meriwether Lewis had a meal with Henry Sheaff, a Philadelphia merchant.
1803-05-24
Lewis has a conference with Mahlon Dickerson
On May 24, 1803, Meriwether Lewis had a meeting described as a 'conference' with Mahlon Dickerson.
1803-05-29
Lewis writes to Jefferson about progress and encounters in Philadelphia
On May 29, 1803, Meriwether Lewis wrote a letter to Thomas Jefferson updating him on the progress of purchasing articles, busy days, lack of study time, and interactions with notable figures like Wistar, Barton, and Rush in Philadelphia.
1803-05-31
Lewis spends the evening with Governor Mckean
On May 31, 1803, Meriwether Lewis socialized with Governor Mckean during the evening.
1803-06-17
Lewis leaves Philadelphia for Washington, D.C.
On June 17, 1803, Meriwether Lewis departed from Philadelphia towards Washington, D.C., arranging for the transport of goods by wagon.
1803-06-19
Lewis arrives in Washington, D.C. and invites William Clark for a Pacific trip
On June 19, 1803, Meriwether Lewis reached Washington, D.C. and sent a letter to William Clark inviting him to join a journey to the Pacific.
1803-06-20
Jefferson's Instructions Finalized for Lewis and Clark Expedition
On June 20, 1803, President Thomas Jefferson's instructions to Meriwether Lewis for the Expedition were finalized, marking a crucial step in the planning of the historic journey.
1803-06-24
Jefferson Informs Rush about Lewis' Departure
On June 24, 1803, President Thomas Jefferson wrote to Rush, informing him that Meriwether Lewis would leave in 4-5 days, indicating the imminent departure of the expedition.
1803-06-29
Henry Dearborn Authorizes Payment for Lewis' Expedition
On June 29, 1803, Secretary of War Henry Dearborn authorized the army paymaster to pay Meriwether Lewis and his team six-month's pay, ensuring financial support for the upcoming journey.
1803-07-02
Lewis Notifies Mother of Departure
On July 2, 1803, Meriwether Lewis wrote to his mother, informing her that he would leave for the Western Country the day after tomorrow, expressing his regret at not being able to see her before his departure.
1803-07-04
Official Orders from Jefferson
On July 4, 1803, President Jefferson officially gave Meriwether Lewis his orders for the expedition.
1803-07-05
Lewis Departs Washington, D.C. for Harpers Ferry
On July 5, 1803, Meriwether Lewis left Washington, D.C. for Harpers Ferry, marking the beginning of the historic Lewis and Clark Expedition.
1803-07-08
Lewis Arrives at Harpers Ferry
On July 8, Meriwether Lewis arrives at Harpers Ferry and informs Thomas Jefferson of his upcoming journey to the Pacific.
1803-07-15
Lewis Arrives in Pittsburgh
Meriwether Lewis arrives in Pittsburgh on July 15 at 2:00 p.m. Jefferson informs Lewis about the Louisiana Purchase treaty signed in Paris.
1803-07-18
Clark Accepts Lewis' Offer for Pacific Trip
On July 18, William Clark accepts Meriwether Lewis' offer to join him on the expedition to the Pacific. Lewis receives Clark's acceptance letter on July 29.
1803-07-29
William Clark Joins the Corps of Discovery
William Clark accepts Lewis's invitation to join the expedition and starts recruiting men for the 'Corps of Discovery' to explore the western territories.
1803-08-03
Clark's Acceptance Received
Lewis writes to Clark from Pittsburgh, mentioning that he has received Clark's acceptance and that only the boat construction is delaying him.
1803-08-05
Delay in Keelboat Construction
Lewis writes to Jefferson from Pittsburgh, informing him of a delay in the construction of the keelboat and expresses hope to leave by August 5.
1803-08-31
Confidential Message to Congress Regarding the Lewis and Clark Expedition
In August 1803, a confidential message was sent to Congress regarding the Lewis and Clark Expedition, detailing the progress and findings of the exploration.
1803-09-08
Purchase of Second Pirogue
Lewis purchases a second pirogue on September 8 to assist in traveling on the Ohio River.
1803-09-11
First Mention of Lewis' Dog, Seaman
September 11 marks the first mention in the journals of Lewis' dog, Seaman.
1803-10-15
Lewis visits Big Bone Lick in Kentucky
Lewis travels by land to Big Bone Lick in Kentucky to see a mammoth skeleton during his stay in Cincinnati, Ohio. He is fascinated by the discovery.
1803-10-20
Lewis joins Clark at Clarksville, Indiana
Lewis reunites with Clark in Clarksville, Indiana after spending nearly two weeks there. Their partnership and journey continue.
1803-10-26
Lewis and Clark depart Clarksville, Indiana
Lewis and Clark leave Clarksville, Indiana, continuing their expedition via keelboat. Their exploration of the newly acquired territory begins.
1803-12-06
Clark drops off Lewis in St. Louis
Clark separates from Lewis in St. Louis, Missouri, marking a significant point in their journey as they part ways temporarily.
1803-12-08
Camp Dubois Established
Due to delays in obtaining Spanish permission to travel up the Missouri River, Lewis and Clark decide to camp in St. Louis for the winter, naming it Camp Dubois.
1804-03-10
Louisiana Purchase Transfer to the US
The Louisiana Purchase is officially transferred to the United States, eliminating the need for Spanish permission for the expedition.
1804-05-14
Start of Lewis and Clark Expedition
The Lewis and Clark Expedition began on May 14, 1804, when Meriwether Lewis and William Clark, along with their team, set out to explore the newly acquired Louisiana Purchase and find a route to the Pacific Ocean.
1804-05-16
Challenges with Boat on Missouri River
Clark faces challenges with the expedition boat being heavy in the stern and rough waters, but manages to travel 24 miles up the Missouri River without any injuries.
1804-05-20
Lewis and Clark Expedition Begins Ascent of Missouri River
The famous Lewis and Clark expedition commenced its journey by starting the ascent of the Missouri River.
1804-05-20
Lewis Joins the Expedition
Lewis finally joins the Expedition in St. Charles on May 20, 1804, after his return from St. Louis. The entire Corps of Discovery is now complete and ready to continue their journey.
1804-05-21
Expedition departure from St. Charles
On May 21, 1804, the Lewis and Clark expedition departed from St. Charles.
1804-05-25
Passing through La Charette
On May 25, 1804, Lewis and Clark passed through La Charette, the last non-native settlement on the Missouri River, marking their exit from settled American territory.
1804-05-26
Organization of Expedition Squads
The Captains divide the Expedition into three squads led by Sergeants John Ordway, Nathaniel Pryor, and Charles Floyd. Corporal Richard Warfington is chosen as the future commander of the squad responsible for returning the keelboat to St. Louis.
1804-06-01
Expedition Reaches Osage River
The Expedition successfully reaches the Osage River on this day.
1804-06-03
Naming Cupboard Creek
On June 3, 1804, Lewis and Clark named their first geographical feature, Cupboard Creek, near the mouth of the Osage River.
1804-06-04
Breaking of the boat mast
On June 4, 1804, the mast of the boat used by Lewis and Clark broke during their expedition.
1804-06-06
Mast Fixed
On June 6, the mast of a ship or boat was repaired or secured.
1804-06-07
Paintings and Carvings on Limestone Rock
Clark observed various paintings and carvings on a limestone rock at the mouth of a creek, made with white, red, and blue flint.
1804-06-10
Abundance of Water and Deer
On June 10, there was plentiful water and deer in the area where the expedition was located.
1804-06-12
Recruitment of Pierre Dorion, Sr.
Pierre Dorion, Sr. was recruited from the fur trappers to assist in interpreting with the Yankton Indians.
1804-06-16
Increase in Ticks and Mosquitos
By June 16, ticks and mosquitos became a significant issue for the expedition.
1804-06-17
French Higherlins Complain About Food
On June 17, the French Higherlins started complaining about the quantity of food, expressing a desire for more as they usually ate 5-6 times a day.
1804-06-26
Expedition Reaches Present-Day Kansas
The Expedition arrives at a location that is now part of Kansas.
1804-06-28
Whisky Incident on Sentry Duty
Collins and Hall are caught breaking into the whisky supply while on sentry duty.
1804-06-29
Court Martial for Collins and Hall
Collins and Hall are convicted by a court martial. Collins is sentenced to 100 lashes, while Hall receives 50 lashes.
1804-07-04
Independence Day Celebration by the Corps of Discovery
On July 4, 1804, the Corps of Discovery celebrated Independence Day near Atchison, Kansas. They fired a small cannon on the keelboat and distributed whiskey to the men to mark the occasion.
1804-07-11
Expedition reaches present-day Nebraska
The Expedition led by Lewis and Clark reached land that is known as present-day Nebraska.
1804-07-12
Willard convicted and sentenced to lashes
Willard, a member of the Expedition, was convicted by a court martial and sentenced to receive 100 lashes as punishment.
1804-07-18
Expedition reaches present-day Iowa
The Expedition led by Lewis and Clark reached land that is known as present-day Iowa.
1804-07-21
Expedition reaches the Platte River
The Expedition led by Lewis and Clark reached the Platte River during their journey.
1804-07-22
Camp White Catfish
The Expedition stayed at Camp White Catfish, named after the channel catfish caught by Goodrich, for several days.
1804-08-01
Clark's Birthday Celebration
On August 1, 1804, the expedition celebrated Clark's birthday with the best cuts of elk and venison, a beaver tail, and various fruit.
1804-08-02
Meeting with Oto Chiefs
On August 2, 1804, the captains met with six Oto chiefs and some warriors at sunset to plan a council for the next day. Gifts were exchanged during the meeting.
1804-08-03
Council with Oto and Missouri Indians
On August 3, 1804, Lewis and Clark held a council with Oto and Missouri Indians at Council Bluffs. Peace medals were given, and the air gun was demonstrated. A Frenchman named La Liberte deserted during this event.
1804-08-20
Sergeant Charles Floyd dies
On August 20, Sergeant Charles Floyd dies from an abdominal illness and is buried on a bluff above the mouth of Floyd’s River in present-day Sioux City, Iowa. He is the only member of the Expedition to die during the journey.
1804-08-21
Expedition reaches present-day South Dakota
On August 21, the Expedition reaches land that is present-day South Dakota.
1804-08-23
Joseph Field kills the Expedition’s first bison
On August 23, Joseph Field kills the Expedition’s first bison.
1804-08-26
Patrick Gass appointed as sergeant, George Shannon gets lost
On August 26, Patrick Gass is formally appointed as sergeant to replace Charles Floyd. Additionally, George Shannon becomes lost during the Expedition.
1804-08-27
Meeting with Yankton Nakota Indians
Lewis and Clark meet members of the Yankton Nakota Indians in South Dakota and later hold a council with them, discussing the possibility of meeting the president.
1804-08-30
Death of Sergeant Charles Floyd
Sergeant Charles Floyd, a member of the expedition, passed away, likely due to appendicitis. He was buried on a bluff overlooking the river in Sioux City, Iowa, making him the only member to die during the entire two-year journey.
1804-09-07
First Sighting of Prairie Dog Town and Bison Kill
The explorers see their first prairie dog town, and the next day, William Clark kills his first bison.
1804-09-11
Finding of George Shannon
George Shannon, a member of the expedition, is found starving after running out of ammunition.
1804-09-24
Meeting with Lakota Sioux in South Dakota
Lewis and Clark encountered the Lakota Sioux near present-day Pierre, South Dakota. Despite initial tension, a potentially dangerous situation was peacefully resolved.
1804-09-25
Encounter with Teton Sioux
The expedition encounters the Teton Sioux at Bad River near present-day Pierre, South Dakota.
1804-10-01
Arrival at Jon Valle’s trading post
The expedition reaches Jon Valle’s trading post on October 1st.
1804-10-09
York fascinates the Arikaras
William Clark notes that York, a black man in the expedition, fascinates the Arikara people who have never seen a black man before.
1804-10-10
Council with Arikara chiefs
The Captains of the expedition have a council with Arikara chiefs. York, the black member of the team, shares his past with Arikara children.
1804-10-13
Mutiny of Private John Newman
Private John Newman rebels, leading to a court-martial. He is then exiled to work as a manual laborer until the spring.
1804-10-20
First Encounter with Grizzly Bear
The expedition encounters their first grizzly bear on this day.
1804-10-27
Arrival at Mandan and Hidatsa Indian Villages
The crew reaches the Mandan and Hidatsa Indian villages, which are more populous than Washington, DC at that time.
1804-11-02
Construction of Fort Mandan and Recruitment of Interpreters
The team starts building Fort Mandan for winter stay and enlists Toussaint Charbonneau and Sacagawea as interpreters.
1804-11-03
French boatmen discharged
On November 3, the French boatmen were discharged, except for Jean Baptiste Lepage, who was hired as a private to replace John Newman.
1804-12-25
Christmas Celebration in South Dakota
In the bitter cold of a South Dakota winter, the Corps of Discovery celebrated Christmas day with alcoholic drinks and rations of rum being served.
1805-01-01
New Year's celebration at Fort Mandan
On January 1, 1805, two cannons were fired to celebrate the new year at Fort Mandan. Many of the Corps attended a dance with the Mandans.
1805-02-10
Howard court martialed for scaling the fort fence
In February 10, Howard faced a court martial for climbing over the fort's fence. Lewis decided to suspend the sentence, making it the last court martial during the journey.
1805-02-11
Birth of Sacagawea's Son
On February 11, 1805, Sacagawea gave birth to a son named Jean Baptiste during the Lewis and Clark Expedition. Sacagawea played a crucial role as an interpreter and guide for the expedition.
1805-04-07
Expedition begins up the Missouri River into uncharted territory
On April 7, an expedition consisting of thirty-one men, one woman, one baby, and a dog, started their journey up the Missouri River into unknown lands.
1805-04-12
Expedition reaches the Little Missouri River, North Dakota
On April 12, 1805, the expedition led by Lewis and Clark reached the Little Missouri River in North Dakota during their exploration of the newly acquired Louisiana Purchase territory.
1805-04-25
Expedition reaches the mouth of the Yellowstone River
Between April 25-26, 1805, the Lewis and Clark Expedition arrived at the mouth of the Yellowstone River, a significant milestone in their journey westward.
1805-04-27
Lewis and Clark reach the mouth of the Yellowstone River
Explorers Lewis and Clark reach the mouth of the Yellowstone River during their famous expedition to explore the western United States.
1805-04-27
Expedition enters present-day Montana
On April 27, 1805, the Lewis and Clark Expedition entered present-day Montana as they continued their exploration of the uncharted western territories of the United States.
1805-05-03
Naming of 2000 Mile Creek
The crew reaches 2000 miles from their base camp on the Poplar River and names a tributary the 2000 Mile Creek.
1805-05-08
Expedition reaches the Milk River
On May 8, 1805, the Lewis and Clark Expedition reached the Milk River, named for its tea-colored appearance with a hint of milk, a notable geographical feature encountered during their journey.
1805-05-11
Grizzly Bear Encounter
A member of the Corps of Discovery shot and killed a grizzly bear after being chased by it, leading the men to develop a respect and fear for these formidable creatures.
1805-05-14
Sacagawea rescues items from the white pirogue
On May 14, 1805, Sacagawea, a key member of the expedition, rescued various essential items including papers, medicines, instruments, and trade goods after the white pirogue tipped over, showcasing her resourcefulness.
1805-05-20
Expedition reaches the Musselshell River
By May 20, 1805, the Lewis and Clark Expedition arrived at the Musselshell River, which they named the Sacagawea River in honor of their invaluable Shoshone guide.
1805-05-26
Lewis reports seeing the Rocky Mountains
On May 26, 1805, Meriwether Lewis reported the first sighting of the Rocky Mountains, a significant geographical landmark that marked the expedition's progress towards the Pacific Northwest.
1805-06-03
Discovery of the Rocky Mountains
Meriwether Lewis saw the Rocky Mountains for the first time during the expedition.
1805-06-13
Lewis finds the Great Falls of the Missouri River
On June 13, 1805, Meriwether Lewis discovered the Great Falls of the Missouri River. This discovery confirmed to him that they were on the correct path of the expedition.
1805-06-14
Lewis encounters additional falls and a grizzly bear
On June 14, 1805, Meriwether Lewis encountered four additional falls on the Missouri River, leading to his dismay. He also had a dangerous encounter with a grizzly bear, which chased him into the river.
1805-06-16
Detour around Great Falls
The crew faces the challenge of dragging heavy equipment on an 18-mile detour around the Great Falls. Delays are caused by failed attempts to build a boat and injuries to several men.
1805-06-17
Missouri River Fork Discovery
The Corps of Discovery encountered a fork in the Missouri River, leading to a scouting party determining the correct path to follow, distinguishing between the river and a tributary.
1805-06-18
Establishment of Lower Portage Camp
Clark sets up the Lower Portage Camp below the mouth of Portage Creek, now known as Belt Creek. This camp serves as a temporary base for the expedition.
1805-06-22
Establishment of Upper Portage Camp
Clark establishes the Upper Portage Camp around 3/4 miles north of Sand Coulee Creek near White Bear Islands. This camp is used as a stopover point during the expedition.
1805-07-02
Completion of Baggage Portage
The last of the baggage is brought in off the plains, marking the completion of the portage process. This signifies a significant milestone in the expedition's journey.
1805-07-04
Independence Day Celebration
On July 4, 1805, the Corps of Discovery marked Independence Day by consuming the last of their alcohol. They were attempting to assemble a collapsible boat from St. Louis, but faced difficulties in making it watertight, leading to its abandonment. Plans were made to construct canoes for the onward journey.
1805-07-06
Clark's group traverses Gibbon's Pass
On July 6, 1805, Clark's group traverses Gibbon's Pass in Montana, which is part of the Continental Divide.
1805-07-07
Lewis' party crosses the Continental Divide
On July 7, 1805, Lewis' party crosses the Continental Divide at present-day Lewis and Clark Pass.
1805-07-08
Clark's party arrives at Camp Fortunate
On July 8, 1805, Clark's party arrives at Camp Fortunate where they camp for several days and open their cache to enjoy real tobacco for the first time since Christmas.
1805-07-09
Lewis’ iron boat experiment failure
Lewis attempted to use an iron boat near White Bear Islands, but it failed as it leaked.
1805-07-11
Lewis and his party arrive at White Bear Island area
On July 11, 1805, Lewis and his party arrive at the White Bear Island area (Upper Portage Camp) near Great Falls, Montana.
1805-07-15
Building of dug-out canoes
After the failure of the iron boat, the expedition built two dug-out canoes to continue their journey up the Missouri River.
1805-07-16
Lewis explores the Marias River
On July 16, 1805, Meriwether Lewis took three men to explore the Marias River. Meanwhile, other members of the expedition worked on recovering materials from caches and portaging around the Falls.
1805-07-18
Lewis' group reaches the Marias River
By July 18, 1805, Meriwether Lewis' group had reached the Marias River during the expedition. This marked a significant milestone in their journey.
1805-07-19
Arrival at White Bear Island
Ordway, Collins, Colter, Cruzatte, Howard, Lepage, Potts, Weiser, Whitehouse, and Willard arrive at White Bear Island with six canoes. They join the Gass party and head down the Missouri to meet Lewis.
1805-07-21
Portaging Canoes around Waterfalls
Gass/Ordway's party portages the canoes around the five waterfalls and departs from the area near present-day Great Falls for the Marias River.
1805-07-25
Arrival at Three Forks
The expedition reached Three Forks, the headwaters of the Missouri River, near Missouri River Headwaters State Park. They named the three rivers Gallatin, Madison, and Jefferson.
1805-08-11
Encounter with Shoshone Indian
Near the Idaho-Montana border at 3000 Mile Island, a foot party has a brief encounter with a mounted Shoshone Indian.
1805-08-12
Lewis Crosses Continental Divide
Lewis becomes the first white American to cross the Continental Divide at Lehmi Pass.
1805-08-13
Lewis encountered the Shosone people
On August 13, 1805, Meriwether Lewis encountered the Shoshone people during the Lewis and Clark Expedition. This encounter marked an important interaction between the expedition members and the Native American tribe.
1805-08-15
Lewis Searches for Clark with Shoshone Indians
On August 15, 1805, Lewis departed from the Shoshone camp with several Indians on horseback in search of Clark. This collaborative effort highlights the teamwork and communication skills within the expedition.
1805-08-17
Council with Shoshone
Clark conducts a council with the Shoshone tribe, assisted by Sacagawea, and successfully enlists the help of one of the tribe members, Old Toby.
1805-08-18
Clark and 11 men leave Camp Fortunate
On August 18, 1805, William Clark and 11 men departed from Camp Fortunate to explore the surrounding area and gather timber for building canoes to continue their journey to the Pacific Ocean. Most of the Native Americans also accompanied Clark on this expedition.
1805-08-22
Cameahwait and Shoshone group join Lewis at Camp Fortunate
By August 22, 1805, Cameahwait, the Shoshone Chief recognized by Sacagewea as her brother, arrived at Camp Fortunate with about 50 men, women, and children. Sacagewea and Charbonneau also accompanied them to meet with Meriwether Lewis.
1805-08-26
Crossing back into Idaho
The main party, along with most of the Shoshone, crosses back into Idaho, across the Continental Divide.
1805-08-29
Clark joins Lewis at upper Shoshone camp
Clark joins Lewis at the upper Shoshone camp during the expedition.
1805-08-30
Expedition heads north with horses and a guide
The Expedition heads north while the Shoshone head east to the buffalo country, now traveling with 40 horses and a guide.
1805-09-04
Expedition Crosses Back into Montana
On September 4, 1805, the Lewis and Clark expedition crossed back into Montana west of Lost Trail Pass.
1805-09-09
Lewis and Clark Encounter the Salish Indians
On September 9, 1805, Lewis and Clark encountered the Salish (Flathead) Indians camped near present-day Ross’ Hole.
1805-09-11
Expedition crosses Bitterroot Mountains
The expedition faces a challenging journey crossing the Bitterroot Mountains, experiencing starvation before reaching Weippe Prairie and encountering the Nez Perce Indians.
1805-09-13
Expedition Arrives at Lolo Creek, Traveler’s Rest Camp
On September 13, 1805, the Lewis and Clark expedition arrived at Lolo Creek, Traveler’s Rest camp near present-day Lolo, Montana.
1805-09-20
Clark Encounters Nez Perce Indians near Weippe Prairie
On September 20, 1805, a nearly starving Clark encountered Nez Perce Indians near Weippe Prairie. They fed him dry salmon and roots, which did not agree with him.
1805-09-22
Lewis Joins Clark at Weippe
On September 22, 1805, Lewis and the main party joined Clark at Weippe.
1805-09-26
Lewis and Clark Expedition Continues
From September 26 to October 7, 1805, the Lewis and Clark expedition continued its journey.
1805-10-07
Building Canoes at Canoe Camp
On October 7, 1805, the Lewis and Clark Expedition set up a camp on the Clearwater River, known as Canoe Camp, located 5 miles west of present-day Orofino, Idaho. They constructed five canoes at this camp.
1805-10-10
Reaching Snake River
On October 10, 1805, the Lewis and Clark Expedition continued their journey by canoe down the Clearwater River and reached the Snake River. They camped near present-day Lewiston, Idaho, before crossing into present-day Washington.
1805-10-11
Guide and Interpreter Sacagawea
Sacagawea was a Shoshone woman who played a crucial role as a guide and interpreter for the Lewis and Clark Expedition, helping the explorers navigate the uncharted territories of the American West.
1805-10-14
Court Martial of Private John Newman
Private John Newman is court martialed for mutinous expressions and is given 75 lashes. He will be sent back with Reed in the spring of 1805.
1805-10-16
Confluence of Snake and Columbia Rivers
By October 16, 1805, Lewis and Clark's Expedition reached the confluence of the Snake and Columbia Rivers, a significant milestone in their exploration journey.
1805-10-18
Arrival in Present-Day Oregon
On October 18, 1805, the Lewis and Clark Expedition successfully reached present-day Oregon, marking another important stage in their expedition.
1805-10-23
Great Falls of the Columbia River
On October 23, 1805, the Lewis and Clark Expedition arrived at the Great Falls of the Columbia River, later known as Celilo Falls, a significant natural landmark on their journey.
1805-10-26
Expedition reaches the mouth of the Knife River
The expedition reaches the mouth of the Knife River, near Mitutanka, the first of the two Mandan Villages, where they will spend the winter.
1805-10-27
Boats move past Mitutanka to Ruptare
The boats of the expedition move past Mitutanka to Ruptare, the second Mandan village, and set up camp.
1805-10-29
Captains meet and smoke a peace pipe with Native American chiefs
The Captains of the expedition meet and smoke a peace pipe with four Mandan, three Hidatsa, and several Arikara chiefs.
1805-11-02
Passing George Vancouver's expedition point
Lewis and Clark surpass the furthest point reached by George Vancouver's 1792 expedition.
1805-11-07
Lewis and Clark Reach the Pacific
After a perilous journey of nearly eighteen months and 4,000 miles, Lewis and Clark successfully reach the Pacific.
1805-11-07
Sighting of the Pacific Ocean
On November 7, 1805, William Clark recorded in his journal the sighting of the Pacific Ocean, bringing great joy to the expedition members. This marked a significant milestone in their journey westward.
1805-11-18
Arrival at Cape Disappointment
Lewis and Clark reach Cape Disappointment, the westernmost point of their expedition in present-day Washington, 4,162 miles from St. Louis.
1805-11-24
Decision on Winter Quarters Location
On November 24, 1805, members of the expedition, including Sacagawea and York, participated in a crucial decision-making process to determine the location for their winter quarters, shaping their upcoming stay.
1805-12-07
Beginning of winter camp at Fort Clatsop
The crew starts constructing their winter camp named after the local Clatsop Indians on the south bank of the Columbia River.
1805-12-09
Construction of Fort Clatsop Begins
Starting on December 9, 1805, Meriwether Lewis and the main party initiated the construction of Fort Clatsop near present-day Astoria, Oregon, as a strategic base for their winter stay.
1805-12-25
Moving into Fort Clatsop
The crew relocates to Fort Clatsop on Christmas Day to spend the winter.
1805-12-28
Departure for Salt Making Camp Establishment
On December 28, 1805, Joseph Field, Bratton, and Gibson left to establish a salt making camp near present-day Seaside, Oregon, contributing to the expedition's resource management and sustainability.
1805-12-30
Salt Making Camp Establishment
On December 30, 1805, the establishment of the salt making camp near Seaside, Oregon, by Joseph Field, Bratton, and Gibson commenced, enhancing the expedition's self-sufficiency.
1806-01-08
Clark and Sacagawea see whale skeleton on beach
On January 8, 1806, during the Expedition, William Clark and Sacagawea encountered a whale skeleton on the beach. The captain purchased blubber and oil from the Indians who were processing the whale.
1806-03-17
Men steal a canoe from the Clatsop Indians
On March 17, 1806, some members of the Expedition stole a canoe from the Clatsop Indians. This event marked a negative interaction between the Expedition members and the local indigenous people.
1806-03-23
Expedition departs Fort Clatsop
On March 23, 1806, the Expedition left Fort Clatsop by canoe to begin its return journey. This marked the end of their stay at Fort Clatsop and the start of their journey back home.
1806-04-10
Expedition passes the Great Rapids of the Columbia
On April 10, 1806, the Expedition successfully navigated past the Great Rapids of the Columbia River. This was a significant achievement during their return journey.
1806-04-18
Expedition reaches the Great Falls of the Columbia
On April 18, 1806, the expedition led by Lewis and Clark reached the Great Falls of the Columbia River, a significant milestone in their journey.
1806-04-20
Transition from canoes to horses for return trek over the Rocky Mountains
On April 20, 1806, the expedition made a transition from using canoes to horses as they prepared for the return journey over the Rocky Mountains.
1806-05-05
Expedition crosses into present-day Idaho
On May 5, 1806, the expedition crossed from Washington into present-day Idaho, marking another stage of their journey.
1806-05-09
Reunion With the Nez Perce
The Corps of Discovery reunited with the Nez Perce Indians, who had cared for the expedition's horses during the winter.
1806-05-14
Camp Chopunnish near present-day Kamiah, Idaho
From May 14 to June 10, 1806, the expedition camped at Camp Chopunnish near present-day Kamiah, Idaho, where they tended to sick Indians, hunted, and waited for the mountain snows to melt.
1806-06-29
Expedition crosses Lolo Pass back into present-day Montana
On June 29, 1806, the expedition crossed Lolo Pass from Idaho back into present-day Montana, continuing their challenging journey.
1806-06-30
Expedition camps at Traveler’s Rest
From June 30 to July 3, 1806, the expedition camped at Traveler’s Rest, a significant resting point on their expedition route.
1806-07-03
Lewis and Clark Expedition splits into two parties
On July 3, 1806, the Lewis and Clark Expedition splits into two parties: Lewis continues east along the Marias River while Clark follows the Yellowstone River down south.
1806-07-15
Fighting a Grizzly
On July 15, 1806, Lewis was attacked by a grizzly bear while exploring with a small party. He managed to fight it off by breaking his musket over the bear's head and climbing a tree.
1806-07-24
Clark's party proceeds down the Yellowstone River
On July 24, 1806, Clark's party continued their journey down the Yellowstone River after constructing two dugout canoes.
1806-07-25
Clark scratches his name into the rock at Pompy's Tower
On July 25, 1806, Clark inscribed his name into the rock at Pompy's Tower, located east of present-day Billings, Montana.
1806-07-26
Pryor’s Party Loses Horses to Crow Indians
Pryor's group loses the remaining horses, borrowed from Crow Indians, and attempts to catch up with Clark by building two bullboats.
1806-07-27
Skirmish with Blackfeet Party at Two Medicine Creek
Lewis' group engages in a skirmish with a Blackfeet party at Two Medicine Creek, resulting in the death of two warriors.
1806-07-28
Lewis Party Meets Ordway/Gass Party near Marias and Missouri Confluence
Lewis' party meets with the Ordway/Gass party near the confluence of the Marias and Missouri rivers.
1806-07-29
Clark's Group Reaches Tongue River
Clark's group reaches the Tongue River in Montana on this date.
1806-08-02
Clark's Group Departs Montana for North Dakota
Clark's group leaves Montana and heads towards North Dakota after reaching the Missouri River.
1806-08-03
Clark's Group Arrives at Mouth of Yellowstone River
Clark's group arrives at the mouth of the Yellowstone River on this date.
1806-08-11
Cruzatte accidentally shoots Lewis in the buttocks
During the expedition, Cruzatte mistakenly fires his gun and injures Meriwether Lewis in the buttocks. This incident causes a moment of chaos and concern among the party members.
1806-08-12
Expedition Reunites
Lewis and Clark reunited along the Missouri River in present-day North Dakota.
1806-08-14
Expedition reaches the Mandan Villages
The expedition led by Lewis and Clark reaches the Mandan Villages, an important milestone in their journey. This encounter with the Mandan people provides valuable cultural and geographical insights.
1806-08-15
John Colter is released from the Corps of Discovery
John Colter is discharged from the Corps of Discovery and decides to join two trappers, Dixon and Hancock, for an independent journey upriver. This marks a significant departure from the main expedition.
1806-08-17
Mandan chief Big White agrees to accompany Lewis and Clark
On August 17, 1806, Mandan chief Big White agrees to go with Lewis and Clark back to Washington, showing the diplomatic relations established during the expedition.
1806-08-20
Expedition leaves North Dakota for South Dakota
The expedition departs from North Dakota and enters present-day South Dakota on their return journey. This transition signifies a key phase in their exploration of the western territories.
1806-08-30
Confrontation With the Sioux
The Corps of Discovery encountered around 100 Sioux warriors, prompting Clark to warn them that any approaching Sioux would be killed.
1806-09-17
Misconception of Lewis and Clark's fate by Americans
On September 17, 1806, Lewis and Clark learn that many Americans presume them dead, highlighting the lack of communication during their expedition.
1806-09-23
Corps of Discovery arrives in St. Louis
After a long expedition, the Corps of Discovery led by Lewis and Clark finally arrives in St. Louis, marking the end of their journey. They have been away for two years, four months, and 10 days.
1806-09-24
Lewis and Clark write letters and shop in St. Louis
The day after their arrival, Lewis and Clark engage in correspondence by writing letters. They also take some time to shop in St. Louis.
1806-09-25
Dinner and ball in St. Louis
Lewis and Clark attend a dinner and ball event in St. Louis, likely as part of the celebrations following their return from the expedition.
1806-09-26
Commencement of Writing by Clark
On September 26th, William Clark begins writing and other activities as noted in his journal.
1806-10-21
Lewis and Clark Depart St. Louis
On October 21st, the famous explorers Lewis and Clark start their journey from St. Louis.
1806-11-05
Lewis and Clark at Louisville, Kentucky
On November 5th, Lewis and Clark are located in Louisville, Kentucky.
1806-12-11
Lewis Writes to Sec. Dearborn
Lewis sends a letter to Secretary Dearborn from Staunton, Virginia.
1806-12-28
Meriwether Lewis Arrives in Washington D.C.
Meriwether Lewis reaches Washington D.C. after his journey.
1806-12-30
President Jefferson Meets Lewis and Sheheke
President Jefferson welcomes Meriwether Lewis and Sheheke, a chief of the Mandans, in Washington D.C.
1807-01-08
Public Reception for William Clark
A public reception is held in Fincastle, Virginia to honor William Clark.
1807-01-10
Reception at the White House for Lewis and Sheheke
A reception is held at the White House to honor and welcome explorers Meriwether Lewis and Sheheke.
1807-01-15
Lewis sends muster roll and comments to Sec. Dearborn
Meriwether Lewis sends a list of military personnel and his observations to Secretary Dearborn.
1807-01-21
Clark arrives in Washington
William Clark reaches Washington for official matters related to the expedition.
1807-02-28
Jefferson nominates Lewis as Governor of Upper Louisiana
President Jefferson nominates Meriwether Lewis to govern Upper Louisiana, and Clark as Lieutenant Colonel (Clark's nomination is not approved).
1807-03-09
Clark appointed Agent for Indian Affairs for Louisiana
William Clark is designated as the Agent for Indian Affairs for the Louisiana Territory.
1807-03-10
Clark departs Washington D.C.
William Clark leaves Washington D.C. for his next assignment or destination.
1807-05-01
Clark in St. Louis
Captain Clark is located in St. Louis by May 1st.
1807-05-05
Peale finishes sketch for Lewis’ portrait
Charles Wilson Peale completes the sketch for Captain Lewis' portrait by May 5th.
1807-05-09
Lewis visits Barton in Philadelphia
Captain Lewis pays a visit to Barton in Philadelphia on May 9th.
1807-05-22
Council with Sioux chiefs
Captain Clark holds a council with Sioux chiefs at St. Louis on May 22nd.
1807-06-19
Lewis meets American Philosophical Society
Captain Lewis has a meeting with the American Philosophical Society on June 19th.
1807-08-18
Lewis writes to William Eustis about departure to Washington D.C.
On August 18, 1807, Meriwether Lewis wrote to William Eustis, expressing his plans to leave St. Louis for Washington D.C. by the following Thursday.
1807-08-30
Lewis attends his last Governor’s Council meeting
Meriwether Lewis attended his final Governor’s Council meeting on August 30, 1807.
1807-09-11
Lewis makes a last will and testament
On September 11, 1807, Meriwether Lewis created his final will and testament.
1807-09-15
Lewis arrives at Fort Pickering, Chickasaw Bluffs, Tennessee
Meriwether Lewis reached Fort Pickering at Chickasaw Bluffs, Tennessee on September 15, 1807.
1807-09-16
Lewis decides to travel by land and writes to President Madison
On September 16, 1807, Meriwether Lewis informed President Madison of his decision to travel by land from Fort Pickering.
1807-09-21
The Clarks depart St. Louis for the East
On September 21, 1807, the Clarks embarked on their journey from St. Louis towards the East.
1807-09-28
The Clarks reach Lusk’s Ferry, Illinois
By September 28, 1807, the Clarks had arrived at Lusk’s Ferry in Illinois.
1807-09-29
Lewis departs from Fort Pickering
On September 29, 1807, Meriwether Lewis left Fort Pickering to continue his journey.
1808-01-05
Clark marries Julia Hancock
On January 5, Clark married Julia Hancock in Fincastle, Virginia.
1808-02-20
Clark invites Nicholas Biddle to discuss the book
On February 20, 1808, William Clark writes a letter from Fincastle to Nicholas Biddle, inviting him to come to Fincastle to discuss the book.
1808-03-08
Lewis arrives in St. Louis
On March 8, Lewis arrived in St. Louis and likely stayed there until September 4, 1809.
1808-04-12
The Clarks arrive in Louisville
On April 12, the Clarks arrived in Louisville.
1808-05-22
Clark sends letter to Biddle from Louisville
On May 22, 1808, William Clark is in Louisville and sends a letter to Nicholas Biddle via Shannon.
1808-07-09
Clark arrives in St. Louis
On July 9, 1808, William Clark arrives in St. Louis.
1809-02-24
Lewis and Clark sign agreement with Missouri Fur Company
On February 24, 1809, Lewis and Clark signed an agreement with the Missouri Fur Company to return Sheheke to the Mandan village. This agreement was significant in the context of their expedition and interactions with Native American tribes.
1809-09-04
Clark party arrives at Fire Prairie
On September 4, 1809, William Clark's party reached Fire Prairie, a location 300 miles from the mouth of the Missouri River in the heart of Osage country. This marked a significant milestone in their expedition.
1809-09-06
Clark party begins fort at Fire Prairie
On September 5-6, 1809, William Clark's party started building a fort at Fire Prairie, marking an important development in their journey through the Osage country. This fort served as a strategic base for their activities.
1809-10-12
Meriwether Lewis dies at Grinder’s Stand
Meriwether Lewis passes away at Grinder’s Stand on the Natchez Trace near present-day Hohenwald, Tennessee.
1809-10-28
Clark at Louisville
William Clark is located in Louisville, Kentucky.
1809-11-23
Clark learns of Lewis’ death
William Clark receives the news of Meriwether Lewis' death.
1809-12-06
Clark arrives in Fincastle
William Clark reaches Fincastle, Virginia.
1809-12-11
Clark visits Mrs. Marks
William Clark visits Mrs. Marks, who is the mother of Meriwether Lewis, in Charlottesville, Virginia.
1809-12-18
Clark arrives in Washington D.C.
William Clark reaches Washington D.C.
1810-01-26
Clark meets Pursh, Peale, and Hassler in Philadelphia
By January 26, William Clark has met with Pursh, Peale, and Hassler in Philadelphia to discuss the publication.
1811
Clark remains in St. Louis and surrounding area
In 1811, William Clark stays in St. Louis and the surrounding area.
1812-05-05
Clark leaves St. Louis for the East
On May 5, 1812, William Clark departs from St. Louis for the East.
1813-07-01
William Clark appointed Governor of Upper Louisiana
On July 1, 1813, William Clark was appointed as the Governor of Upper Louisiana.
1814-03-24
Publication of the Travels
On March 24, 1814, Biddle wrote to Clark to announce the publication of the Travels.
1893
Reprint of Biddle Edition with Footnotes by Elliott Coues
In 1893, Elliott Coues published a reprint of the Biddle edition of the journals with the addition of footnotes on natural history and geography.
1904
Publication of Complete Journals by Reuben Gold Thwaites
In 1904, Reuben Gold Thwaites began the publication of the complete journals of the Lewis and Clark Expedition in eight volumes.
1916
Publication of Lewis' and Ordway's Journals by Milo Quaife
In 1916, Milo Quaife published Lewis' and Ordway's journals for their trip down the Ohio River.
1962
Publication of Letters of the Lewis and Clark Expedition by Donald Jackson
In 1962, Donald Jackson's 'Letters of the Lewis and Clark Expedition' was published.
1964
Publication of The Field Notes of Captain William Clark by Ernest Staples Osgood
In 1964, Ernest Staples Osgood published 'The Field Notes of Captain William Clark.'
1978
Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail created
In 1978, the Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail was established through Public Law 95-625, commemorating the historic expedition of Lewis and Clark.