Karl Marx, a German philosopher, economist, and revolutionary socialist, was born on May 5, 1818.

On May 5, 1818, Karl Marx, the influential philosopher and economist, was born.

On November 28, 1820, Frederick Engels, son of textile manufacturer Friedrich Engels and his wife, Elisabeth, was born in Barmen.

In August 1824, Karl Marx and his surviving siblings were baptised into the Lutheran Church. This event marked a significant religious change in their family.

In July 1830, a revolution took place in France.

In September 1830, a revolution occurred in Belgium.

In October 1830, Karl Marx was enrolled at the Trier Gymnasium.

On May 27, 1832, the Hambach festivities took place, a mass political demonstration in the Palatinate demanding the unification of Germany and political freedoms.

At the age of 17, Karl Marx leaves for school. This marks the beginning of his educational journey.

Marx married Jenny von Westphalen, a member of the petty nobility, in a Protestant church in Kreuznach. Their relationship was socially controversial due to their religious and class differences.

During the spring of 1837, while on vacation in Stralow, a suburb of Berlin, Karl Marx begins a serious study of Hegel’s philosophy.

On May 10, 1838, Karl Marx's father passes away.

Karl Marx, at the age of 23, enrolls in the University of Bonn and later the University of Berlin to study Law and Philosophy. He becomes deeply interested in the Philosophy of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel during his academic pursuits.

On April 15, 1841, the University of Jena confers the degree of Doctor of Philosophy on Karl Marx.

Marx takes on the role of editor-in-chief at Rheinische Zeitung, a newspaper founded by the liberal bourgeoisie in Cologne. He emphasizes the importance of protecting the rights of the working class in his articles.

On January 19, 1843, the Prussian Government decides to ban Rheinische Zeitung, with a plan to enforce strict censorship measures leading up to the ban. This action by the authorities hinders Marx's editorial work and freedom of expression.

Due to police reprisals and government pressure, Marx is compelled to resign from his position at Rheinische Zeitung on March 18, 1843. The hostile environment created by the authorities makes it impossible to continue publishing the paper.

On June 19, 1843, Karl Marx married Jenny von Westphalen after a long secret engagement. Jenny was from a prominent family in Trier.

In May 1844, Karl Marx and Jenny von Westphalen welcomed their daughter Jenny into the world.

In August 1844, Karl Marx meets Friedrich Engels. This encounter marks the beginning of a close friendship between the two influential figures.

On January 16, 1845, Karl Marx was ordered to leave France where he was temporarily residing with Jenny. The order was issued by the Prussian government.

Marx and Engels visit England from July 12 to August 21, immersing themselves in the study of English economics, politics, and the working-class movement.

Marx and Engels establish contacts with Belgian democrats and socialists from September to December, strengthening their ties within the socialist movement.

On December 1, 1845, Marx renounced his Prussian citizenship due to increasing persecution by the Prussian police.

In 1846, the secret radical organisation League of the Just was reorganized into the new open political society called the Communist League. Both Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels played a significant role in shaping the programme and principles of the Communist League.

The London Committee of the League of the Just proposes to Marx and Engels to join the League, participate in its reorganization, and develop a new program. Marx and Engels agree to the proposal.

Marx is elected as the Vice-President of the Brussels Democratic Association on November 15. This election signifies Marx's growing influence and leadership within the democratic movement in Brussels.

Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels published The Communist Manifesto on February 21, 1848. This influential political pamphlet discusses the class struggles in society and the problems of capitalism.

On February 28, on behalf of the Brussels Democratic Association, Marx signs a greeting to the Provisional Government of the French Republic.

On March 1, Ferdinand Flocon, a member of the Provisional Government of the French Republic, invites Marx to France.

On March 3, the King of Belgium orders Marx to leave the country within 24 hours.

The Brussels Central Authority of the Communist League announces its dissolution and transfers its seat to Paris. Marx is given the authority to establish a new Central Authority in Paris.

Marx and his family, including his wife and children, are detained by the Brussels police for 18 hours. Subsequently, they depart from Brussels and head towards France.

Marx's eight-year-old son Edgar passes away.

In April 1848, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels traveled to Germany to participate in the ongoing revolution.

On May 31, 1848, the first issue of Neue Rheinische Zeitung was published in Cologne, with Karl Marx as the editor-in-chief and Friedrich Engels as an editor.

Between June 23-26, 1848, there was a significant uprising of the Paris proletariat.

On June 29, 1848, Karl Marx's article 'The June Revolution' was published in Neue Rheinische Zeitung, focusing on the heroic efforts of Paris workers.

On August 30, 1848, Karl Marx delivered a speech at the first Vienna Workers' Association, discussing social relations in Europe and the role of the proletariat in revolutionary struggles.

On September 2, 1848, Karl Marx delivered a speech at the first Vienna Workers’ Association focusing on the topics of wage labor and capital.

A mass public meeting was held in Cologne on September 13, 1848, initiated by the Neue Rheinische Zeitung, to resist the counter-revolution. Marx, Engels, and other editors were elected to a Committee of Public Safety to organize the revolutionary struggle.

The publication of the Neue Rheinische Zeitung was halted on September 25, 1848, due to the defeat of the Frankfurt uprising and the imposition of a state of siege in Cologne.

On October 3, 1848, the publication of the Neue Rheinische Zeitung was resumed after a period of suspension.

Marx is handed a government order to leave Prussia, while legal proceedings are initiated against Engels for his role in the Elberfeld uprising.

Marx is instructed by French authorities to depart Paris within 24 hours, leading to his deportation.

After being deported from Paris, Marx arrives in London on August 26, where he is later joined by his family.

Marx's family reunites with him in London on September 17, where he begins organizing the Communist League's Central Authority and a Committee of Support for German Political Refugees.

On November 5, a fourth child, son Heinrich Guido, is born to Karl Marx and his family.

From March 6 to November 29, 1850, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels publish six issues of the magazine Neue Rheinische Zeitung. Politisch-ökonomische Revue, featuring important works like Marx's The Class Struggles in France, 1848 to 1850 and Engels's The German Campaign for the Imperial Constitution.

Marx resigned from the German Workers' Educational Society on 17 September 1850 after losing a fight with the Schapper/Willich faction within the organization.

As reaction gains ground on the European continent, the Communist League's London District agrees to Marx's proposal to dissolve its branches and suggests the branches on the continent to close down as well.

On November 19, Heinrich Guido Marx passed away.

On March 28, 1851, Karl Marx's daughter Franziska was born.

Karl Marx, a German exile living in London, makes his first appearance in print with a series called “Revolution and Counter-Revolution,” in the New York Tribune. Over the next decade, Marx will write a series of news articles that appear in the newspaper about European events and affairs.

Karl Marx, a German exile living in London, makes his first appearance in print with a series called “Revolution and Counter-Revolution,” in the New York Tribune. Over the next decade, Marx will write a series of news articles that appear in the newspaper about European events and affairs.

The Chartist People's Paper publishes a series of Marx's articles, including a satirical portrayal of the prominent English politician Lord Palmerston.

In an open letter to the Labour Parliament, Marx advocates for the establishment of a mass working-class political party in England.

Marx's daughter Eleanor is born on January 16, 1855.

On 21 March 1857, Marx was informed that only one article a week would be paid for by the New-York Daily Tribune, due to economic reasons.

Part One of A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy is published in Berlin on June 11, 1859.

Herr Vogt is published in London on December 1, 1860, exposing Vogt as a typical underling of the bourgeoisie.

From August 1861 to July 1863, Karl Marx worked on an economic manuscript that would later become the foundation for his famous work 'Capital'. This manuscript included the historical and critical section known as Theories of Surplus Value.

Between October 1861 and December 1862, Karl Marx contributed to the Viennese liberal newspaper Die Presse. His writings covered various topics including the US Civil War, economic conditions in Britain, and the foreign policy of Napoleon III.

Karl Marx's exploration of the concept of surplus value in capitalist production, discussing the exploitation of labor and the generation of profits.

On November 30, 1863, Karl Marx's mother passed away in Trier. This event had a profound impact on Marx personally and emotionally.

On May 9, 1864, Wilhelm Wolff, a close friend and supporter of Karl Marx, passed away in Manchester. Marx dedicated his work 'Capital' to Wolff in recognition of their friendship and shared ideals.

The International Working Men’s Association (the First International) is founded at a meeting in St. Martin’s Hall, London. Marx is elected member of its Provisional Committee, which later became known as the General Council.

From March 19 to April 8, 1865, Marx stays with his Dutch relatives in Zalt-Bommel.

On June 20 and 27, 1865, Marx lectures on wages, price, and profit at General Council meetings, presenting key ideas for the future Volume I of Capital.

From September 25 to 29, 1865, the first conference of the International Working Men’s Association is held in London. Marx helps prepare and participates in the conference.

From March 15 to April 13, 1866, Marx takes a holiday in Margate.

From September 3-8, 1866, the Geneva Congress of the First International convened to review and approve program documents presented by the General Council.

In 1867, Karl Marx published the first volume of Das Kapital, where he focused on the labour theory of value and critiqued the exploitation of labor by capital. This work marked a significant contribution to Marxist economics.

On April 10, 1867, Marx brought the manuscript of Volume I of his seminal work 'Capital' to publisher Otto Meissner in Hamburg.

Between April 17 and May 15, 1867, Marx resided with Ludwig Kugelmann in Hanover.

On September 14, 1867, Volume I of Marx's significant economic study 'Capital' was published.

From October 12, 1867, to late June 1868, Engels wrote reviews of Marx's 'Capital' to make it more accessible to a wider audience.

On April 2, 1868, Marx's daughter Laura tied the knot with French socialist Paul Lafargue.

On March 24, 1870, Marx accepts the request from the Russian section of the First International to become the corresponding secretary of the General Council for Russia.

From July 19-23, Marx, under the instructions of the General Council, writes the First Address of the General Council of the International Working Men’s Association on the Franco-Prussian War, condemning the war and urging German workers to prevent it from turning into a war against the French people.

Engels writes a series of articles on the Franco-Prussian War for the British Pall Mall Gazette based on Marx's proposal.

The General Council approves Marx's Second Address of the General Council of the International Working Men's Association urging the proletariat to thwart Prussian militarists' expansionist ambitions.

Engels relocates from Manchester to London around September 20.

Engels is unanimously elected to the General Council of the First International and appointed as corresponding secretary for several countries.

The General Council unanimously approves the address titled 'The Civil War in France'.

The General Council approves a private circular titled 'Fictitious Splits in the International', authored by Marx and Engels, which exposes Bakuninist intrigues and disruptive activities within the International.

The Russian translation of Volume I of Capital, marking its first foreign edition, is published.

Marx and Engels attend the Hague Congress of the First International, where they support the resolutions of the London Conference and criticize anarchists for causing division. The congress expels Bakunin and Guillaume, leaders of the anarchists, and decides to relocate the General Council to New York.

During the Hague Congress of the First International, the decision is made to expel Bakunin and Guillaume, leaders of the anarchists, due to their divisive activities within the organization.

The first series of the French edition of Volume I of Capital by Marx is released, marking an important milestone in the dissemination of his economic theories.

In October 1872, Marx's daughter Jenny ties the knot with French socialist Charles Longuet, forming a significant connection between the Marx and Longuet families.

The second German edition of Volume I of Capital by Marx is released in Hamburg in early June 1873, contributing to the wider dissemination of his economic theories in Germany.

In December 1873, Marx's article on Political Indifferentism and Engels's piece on Authority are featured in the Italian annual publication Almanacco Repubblicano, highlighting the critique of anarchist theories by the two thinkers.

In August 1874, Karl Marx accompanied by his daughter Eleanor goes to Karlsbad for a cure. During his journey to London, he stops at various cities and meets with Liebknecht and Blos to discuss the Party's situation and the need to combat Lassalleanism.

On May 5, 1875, Karl Marx sends his marginal notes on the draft programme for the unity congress in Gotha to Germany. These notes later become known as the Critique of the Gotha Programme, which was published in 1891 on Engels's initiative.

From August 15 to September 11, 1876, Karl Marx undergoes a cure in Karlsbad. During this time, he meets Maxim Kovalevsky, a Russian ethnographer, historian, and lawyer.

Marx, along with his wife and daughter Eleanor, undergoes a cure in Neuenahr, Germany, and later in Scotland during the period of August to September.

On October 19, 1878, the German Reichstag approves a law aimed at curbing the perceived harmful and dangerous activities of social-democrats, known as the Anti-Socialist Law.

The first issue of Der Sozialdemokrat, the central organ of the German social democrats, is published in Zurich. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels contribute to this publication.

During the period of January to December 1880, Karl Marx focuses on working on volumes II and III of his renowned work 'Capital'.

In April 1880, Karl Marx drafts a Workers’ Questionnaire for the monthly publication La Revue socialists, outlining the economic demands of the working class.

In May 1880, Karl Marx writes Friedrich Engels’s biography as a preface to a separate edition of three chapters of Anti-Dühring, titled Socialism: Utopian & Scientific, intended for French readers.

In a letter to Vera Zasulich, Marx discusses the possibility of Russia bypassing the capitalist stage and transitioning directly to communism based on the common ownership of land in the village mir.

Marx and Engels write a preface to the Russian edition of the Manifesto of the Communist Party, emphasizing Russia's role as the vanguard of revolutionary action in Europe.

Marx experiences the loss of his eldest daughter Jenny in Paris.

Karl Marx passes away in London, marking the end of an era for the influential philosopher and economist.

Karl Marx's funeral took place on 17 March 1883 in London, with a small number of mourners attending. His closest friends, including Friedrich Engels, spoke at the funeral, paying tribute to his intellectual legacy.

Marx, along with Friedrich Engels, publishes The Communist Manifesto to unite socialists and influence society. The work discusses the history of class struggle, the transition to capitalist society, and the inevitability of change in means of production. Marx emphasizes the importance of learning from history to drive the revolution.

Volume Two of Capital, put together from Marx's raw materials by Engels, was published in 1885.

Volume II of 'Das Kapital' was published by Engels in July 1893 under the name 'Capital II: The Process of Circulation of Capital'. It continued Marx's work on the circulation of capital.

Volume III of 'Das Kapital' was published by Engels in October 1894 under the name 'Capital III: The Process of Capitalist Production as a Whole'. It completed Marx's analysis of capitalist production.

Upon Engels' death in 1895, he left Marx's two surviving daughters a significant portion of his estate.

Revolutionary socialist governments espousing Marxist concepts took power in various countries, leading to the formation of the Soviet Union in 1922. The Soviet Union became a significant socialist state influenced by Marxist ideology.

In her essay on Marxian Economics in 1942, economist Joan Robinson highlighted two key aspects of Marx's theories. Firstly, she emphasized Marx's rejection of the idea of harmony of interests between workers and capitalists, focusing instead on the class-based struggle for better wages and working conditions. Secondly, Robinson pointed out Marx's belief that there is no long-term tendency towards market equilibrium, and discussed the mechanisms behind the trade cycle of economic booms and busts.

In 1949, the People's Republic of China was established, influenced by Marxist principles. This event marked the rise of a socialist state in China.

In 1950, Sidney Hook published the book 'From Hegel to Marx' in New York through Humanities Press.

The Grundrisse, written in 1857-58, was published in 1953. It is considered important whether as a standalone work or a precursor to Capital, raising questions about Marx's method, his relation to G.W.F. Hegel, and the evolution of his thought.

Marx and his family were reburied on a new site nearby in November 1954.

Marx reinterpreted the Hegelian dialectic by replacing mind with matter as the driving force of history. Despite this change, he paradoxically viewed history as having an inherent aspiration towards improvement.

The tomb at the new site, unveiled on 14 March 1956, bears the messages: 'Workers of All Lands Unite' and 'The philosophers have only interpreted the world in various ways—the point however is to change it'.

Cohen acknowledged the challenge of attributing purposes in history but supported the use of functional explanation. He justified this approach by drawing comparisons.

Robert Tucker's book 'Philosophy and Myth in Karl Marx' was published in 1961, exploring the relationship between philosophy and myth in Marx's work.

Eugene Kamenka published a book in 1962 titled 'The Ethical Foundations of Marxism' which explores the ethical principles underlying the ideology of Marxism.

In 1969, Louis Althusser published 'For Marx' in London under the Penguin imprint.

A work by Shlomo Avineri from 1970 exploring social and political ideologies.

Allen Wood, in 1972, argued that Marx's theoretical approach does not allow for criticism of capitalism as a whole, as it lacks a trans-epochal standpoint to assess the justice of an economic system. While specific behaviors within capitalism can be criticized as unjust, such as theft, criticizing capitalism entirely is not feasible according to Marx's perspective.

David McLellan published 'Karl Marx: His Life and Thought' in London through Macmillan in 1973.

The concept of democracy without professionals was characterized by making political positions working positions, remunerated at the average worker's wage, and regularly circulating through elections. This idea aimed to eliminate the political caste and create a more equal system.

In 1975, the book 'New York and London: International Publishers' was published.

A book written by Perry Anderson in 1976, discussing various aspects of Western Marxism.

Marx argues that human nature consists of both constant and mutable elements, with universal qualities that remain consistent throughout history and variable qualities that reflect cultural and historical diversity.

Various commentators argue that there are multiple competing models of ideology in Karl Marx's writings, leading to a lack of consensus on a single model. This has resulted in a continuous debate and exploration of different interpretations.

Paul Thomas released 'Karl Marx and the Anarchists' in 1980, focusing on the relationship between Karl Marx and the anarchist movement.

Scholars like Wood in 1981 and later in 2004, have highlighted the presence of multiple interpretations of ideology in Karl Marx's work. This diversity of perspectives has led to ongoing discussions and debates within the academic community.

Joshua Cohen wrote a review of G. A. Cohen's defense of Karl Marx's Theory of History in The Journal of Philosophy.

Marx's belief on the justice of capitalism was not always clear as he did not have perfect knowledge of his own mind. While he maintained his official view in explicit reflections, his real view sometimes slipped out in less guarded moments.

In 1984, Robert Paul Wolff published 'Understanding Marx' in Princeton, NJ. The book aimed to provide insights into Marx's theories and philosophies.

Hal Draper published 'The Marx-Engels Register', a comprehensive work on the writings of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.

The account of ideology in Marx's writings is considered a crucial element of his intellectual legacy, identified as one of his most influential ideas by Elster in 1986.

Lukes argued in 1987 that communism goes beyond the concept of justice.

In 1988, Cohen argued in essays like 'Reconsidering Historical Materialism' that Marx's emphasis on production may seem one-sided and overlook other significant aspects of human nature.

A discussion about the controversy surrounding Marx's views on justice, as mentioned in the book 'Marxist Theory' edited by Alex Callinicos.

A book titled The Cambridge Companion to Marx was published in 1991. It provides insights and analysis on the works and ideas of Karl Marx.

In 1994, Hardimon explored Marx's attitude towards subjective and objective alienation, highlighting how these forms can manifest in individuals or societies.

In 1996, Rosen contributed to the ongoing discourse by pointing out the existence of different models of ideology in Karl Marx's writings. The scholarly community continues to engage in discussions to understand the complexities of Marx's views on ideology.

In 1998, a book titled The Post-Modern Marx was published in Manchester. It explores the contemporary interpretations and applications of Marx's theories in the post-modern context.

In 1999, Francis Wheen published works related to Karl Marx in London. This publication shed light on Marx's ideologies and theories.

Marx 2000 refers to a volume selection of Marx and Engels' writings in English published in the year 2000.

In 2002, Jonathan Wolff authored the book 'Why Read Marx Today?' in Oxford. The book explores the relevance and significance of Marx's ideas in the contemporary world.

The entry on Karl Marx was first published on the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy on August 26, 2003, with subsequent revisions. It provides in-depth information about the life, works, and theories of Karl Marx.

Marx's views on ideology are acclaimed as the most fertile part of his social and political theory by Leiter in 2004.

A book by David Leopold that delves into the early life of Karl Marx.

In 2010, K. Anderson emphasized Marx's rethinking of his views on international economic system, theory of history, social anthropology, and Russia's economic and political evolution.

The scholarly debate on how Marx's theory of capitalism should be interpreted is highlighted in Heinrich's work from 2012.

Christoph Henning provides an analysis of the misinterpretations of Marx in German philosophy from Heidegger to Habermas and beyond, focusing on the replacement of social theory with moral philosophy.

Gilabert in 2015 discussed how Marx's concept of communism, as outlined in the Critique of the Gotha Programme, can be viewed as a theory of justice.

Marx's writings present three main arguments against utopianism: that utopian plans and blueprints are undemocratic, impossible, and redundant.

The controversy surrounding how to interpret Marx's economic writings, particularly his work Capital Volume 1. Some view it as a contribution to economic theory based on the labor theory of value, while others argue for a broader interpretation due to the unique writing style and presentation.

In 2018, Jan Kandiyali edited a book titled 'Reassessing Marx’s Social and Political Philosophy: Freedom, Recognition and Human Flourishing' which provides a new perspective on Marx's ideas related to freedom, recognition, and human flourishing.

Marx's personal estate was valued for probate at £250, equivalent to £26,788 in 2021.