UN Peacekeeping Forces

In 1948, the UN took on the task of sending observers to monitor the armistice between Israel and the Arab states, marking the beginning of UN intervention in the Middle East.

The United Nations established peacekeeping operations in 1950 to help maintain peace and security in conflict-affected areas around the world.

UNEF I was a peacekeeping mission initiated by the United Nations in November 1956 and concluded in June 1967.

ONUC was a United Nations peacekeeping mission in the Congo aimed at maintaining law and order during the country's independence and post-independence period.

While carrying out the UN mission in the Congo, Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjold was killed in an air crash. His death was a significant event during the UN's involvement in the region.

The UN established a peacekeeping force on Cyprus in 1964 to maintain peace between the Greek and Turkish populations of the island. The mission successfully created a buffer zone between the two ethnic groups.

In 1965, the UN dispatched the United Nations India-Pakistan Observation Mission (UNIPOM) to monitor the areas of the India-Pakistan border that were not being monitored by the earlier mission, UNMOGIP, following a ceasefire in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965.

In 1967, a UN force was established to monitor the armistice agreement between Egypt and Israel after the war, during a period of high tension.

UNEF II was a peacekeeping mission established by the United Nations in October 1973 and lasted until July 1979.

In 1974, a smaller UN force was set up on the Golan Heights to maintain the boundary line between Syrian and Israeli forces.

UNIFIL was formed in 1978 after the Israeli invasion of Lebanon, with tasks including overseeing Israeli withdrawal and helping the Lebanese government re-establish authority.

In the 1980s, the UN authorized the UNIIMOG mission to oversee the withdrawal of troops from the Iraq-Iran border after years of conflict between the two countries.

In 1988, the UN Peacekeeping Forces were honored with the Nobel Peace Prize for their efforts in maintaining peace and security in various conflict regions. This recognition highlighted the significant role played by these forces in global peacekeeping.

UNTAG was a United Nations peacekeeping mission in Namibia aimed at facilitating the country's transition to independence from South Africa.

UNAVEM I was a United Nations peacekeeping mission deployed to verify the withdrawal of foreign forces from Angola and to assist in the national reconciliation process.

In 1992, the UN established the Department of Peacekeeping Operations to meet the growing demand for peacekeeping missions and support global peace efforts.

Disagreements in the UN Security Council led to a failure in preventing the genocide that occurred in Rwanda in 1994.

UNPROFOR was a United Nations peacekeeping force deployed in the former Yugoslavia from February 1992 to March 1995 to provide humanitarian aid and protect civilians during the Yugoslav Wars.

UNSMIH was a United Nations mission in Haiti aimed at providing support for the professionalization of the Haitian National Police.

MONUA was a United Nations observer mission established to monitor the peace process in Angola following the end of the civil war.

MINUGUA was a United Nations mission in Guatemala tasked with verifying compliance with peace agreements and promoting human rights in the country.

UNTMIH was a United Nations mission in Haiti focused on facilitating the transition to democracy and supporting the Haitian government.

MINURCA was a United Nations peacekeeping mission that aimed to help stabilize the Central African Republic during a period of political turmoil.

UNOMSIL was a United Nations observer mission that monitored the situation in Sierra Leone and supported peacebuilding efforts.

UNAMSIL was a United Nations peacekeeping operation in Sierra Leone that played a crucial role in restoring peace and stability to the country.

UNMEE was a peacekeeping mission established by the United Nations to monitor the ceasefire agreement between Ethiopia and Eritrea.

MINUCI was a United Nations peacekeeping mission deployed to help implement the Linas-Marcoussis Agreement in Côte d'Ivoire.

ONUB was a United Nations peacekeeping mission aimed at supporting the implementation of the Arusha Peace and Reconciliation Agreement in Burundi.

MINUSTAH was a United Nations peacekeeping mission in Haiti aimed at stabilizing the country and fostering a secure environment for reconstruction and development.

UNMIS was established in 2006 to support the implementation of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement in Sudan.

The 2008 capstone doctrine entitled 'United Nations Peacekeeping Operations: Principles and Guidelines' builds on the Brahimi analysis to reform UN peacekeeping operations.

By May 2010, UN Peacekeeping had entered a phase of consolidation, with a slight decline in troop numbers in missions like MONUSCO and MINURCAT.

UNMISS was established in 2011 to consolidate peace and security and to help establish conditions for development in South Sudan.

MINUSMA is a United Nations peacekeeping mission in Mali that focuses on stabilizing the country and protecting civilians.

In October 2014, the UN Secretary-General created a 17-member High-level Independent Panel on UN Peace Operations to evaluate the current state of UN peace operations and address future needs. The panel's report, known as the HIPPO report, was released in June 2015 with key recommendations for the future of peace operations.

The HIPPO report, issued in June 2015, provided key recommendations for the future of UN peace operations based on a comprehensive assessment conducted by the High-level Independent Panel on UN Peace Operations.

In September 2015, the UN Secretary-General released a report on the implementation of the recommendations outlined in the HIPPO report and discussed the future of peace operations based on these recommendations.

On 20 October 2016, former Under-Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Operations, Hervé Ladsous, and Under-Secretary-General for Field Operations, Atul Khare, presented an overview of ongoing operations, strategic context, priorities, and challenges facing peacekeeping to the General Assembly's Fourth Committee.

MINUJUSTH was a United Nations mission in Haiti focused on supporting the country's justice system and strengthening the rule of law.

As of April 2018, the United Nations has authorized 71 peacekeeping operations. These operations do not include interventions like the Korean War and the Gulf War.

With the evolving dynamics of world politics and warfare trends, peacekeeping operations face increasing challenges in facilitating political processes, protecting civilians, assisting in disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration of former combatants, supporting election organization, promoting human rights, and restoring the rule of law.